INFRASTRUCTURE

Contents:
Defination and examples
Types of infrastructure
Importance of infrastructure
Transportation introduction
Need of transportation
Types of transportation
Current projects in india
Definition:
•The basic system and services that are necessary
for a country or an organization.

•Or

•Infrastructure refers to all such activities and

facilities which are needed to provide different
kinds services in an economy.
 Parks: a Banks:
well for
Examples designed better
greenery money
services
parks

A good education system

Transportation
Agriculture
Infrastructure services Includes
-
Roads, railways, ports, airports, dams, power stations, oil and gas
pipelines, telecommunication facilities, etc.

Educational system including schools and colleges.

Health system including hospitals.

Sanitary system including clean drinking water facilities.

Monetary system including banks, insurance and other financial

institutions.
 Types of infrastructure

1] ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE 2] SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

It includes infrastructure associated with energy, It includes infrastructure associated with

transportation, and communication. education, health and housing.

Economic infrastructure is important to promote Social infrastructure consists of provision of

economic activities i.e., production and trade of all those services which improve the quality
goods and services. of human resources.

Helps in country’s growth. Helps in human’s growth.

 IMPORTANCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE

1] Facilitates Functioning of the Economy:

The functioning of an economy depends on existence of infrastructure facilities.

Agriculture, industry and service sectors depend heavily on infrastructure facilities for their growth.

2] Agricultural Development:

The development of modern agriculture depends on infrastructural facilities [ roadways and shipping ]
for speedy and large-scale transport of seeds. Pesticides , fertilisers etc.
3] Economic development:

Development of infrastructure and economic development go hand in hand.

Agriculture depends on adequate expansion and development of irrigation facilities.

Industrial development depends on the development of power and electricity generation, transport and
communications.

4] Better quality of life:

5] provides employment:

Many people get employment in infrastructural projects like construction and maintenance of roads ,
railways, electricity plants, etc.
6] facilitates outsourcing:

India is emerging as a global destination for BPO’s, KPO’s, call centres,etc. due IT support system and sound
infrastructure.
 TRANSPORTATION

Trans + porter
(across) (to carry)

Transportation is a movement of someone or something from one location to

another.

or

Transportation refers to the activity that facilitates physical movement of goods as

well as individuals from one place to another.
NEED OF TRANSPORTATION

Transportation is needed because few economic resources—raw materials, fuels, food,

manufactured goods—are located where they are wanted. Each region or place on Earth
produces more than it consumes of some goods and services and less than it consumes of
others. Through transportation, goods are moved from where there are surpluses to where
there are shortages. Improved transportation has extended the areas in which various goods
can be profitably marketed and thus has helped make the goods widely available.

The moving of people to places of work, education, and recreation and for their other needs
and wants also requires transportation. Like goods, people are moved to where they are
needed. But as decision makers people also travel to where they want to be. In recreational
activities, such as pleasure driving, transportation can be an end in itself.
ROADWAYS RAILWAYS

TYPES OF TRANSPORTATION

AIRWAYS WATERWAYS
ROADWAYS

1] It provide better accessibility and door to door services.

2] a number of smaller units like scooter, rikshaws , cars etc. are available for
personalized transport.

3] it transport mens and materials from one part to other speedily and
easily.

4] It is ideal for non bulk cargo especially passenger and freight.

RAILWAYS

1]it is suitable for transporting bulky cargo over distance. Foe ex. – coal,
steel, timber, and other raw materials.

2] Power required for Railway is comparatively less because of less inactive

resistance of steel wheel on steel rail.

3] railway provide employment to millions of people.

4] it is the best source for the economy of a country.

AIRWAYS

1] very sophisticated and fast mode of transport .

2] It plays important role in war-time defence of the country.

3] emergency supplies to remote areas can be immediately made.

4] not affected by natural disaster.

Water ways

1] economic mode of transportation .

2] it can carry heavy loads over long distance suitable for bulk
materials like oil, coal, timber, foodgrains etc.

3] less power is required.

It is free from any resistance like traffic.

Current projects
in INDIA

1. Bharat mala pariyojna

2. Sagar mala pariyojna
3. Central vista
4. Dedicated freight corridors
5. Mumbai – Ahmedabad rail corridor ( bullet train )
6. Mumbai sea ropeway
7. Navi Mumbai international airport
 BHARAT
MALA
PRIYOJNA

•The Bharatmala Pariyojna is an ecosystem of road

development which includes development of tunnels,
bridges, elevated corridors, flyovers, overpass,
interchanges, bypasses, ring roads etc. to provide shortest,
jam free & optimized connectivity to multiple places

Bharatmala Project will interconnect 550 District

Headquarters (from current 300) through a minimum 4-
lane highway by raising the number of corridors to 50
(from current 6) and move 80% freight traffic (40%
currently) to National Highways by interconnecting 24
logistics parks, 66 inter-corridors (IC) of total 8,000 km,
116 feeder routes (FR) of total 7,500 km and
7 north east Multi-Modal waterway ports.
SAGAR
MALA
PARIYOJNA
•Components of Sagarmala Programme are:

•Port Modernization & New Port Development: De-

bottlenecking and capacity expansion of existing ports and
development of new greenfield ports

•Port Connectivity Enhancement: Enhancing the connectivity of

the ports to the hinterland, optimizing cost and time of cargo
movement through multi-modal logistics solutions including
domestic waterways (inland water transport and coastal
shipping)

•Port-linked Industrialization: Developing port-proximate

industrial clusters and Coastal Economic Zones to reduce
logistics cost and time of EXIM and domestic cargo

•Coastal Community Development Promoting sustainable

development of coastal communities through skill development
& livelihood generation activities, fisheries development, coastal
tourism etc.

•Coastal Shipping & Inland Waterways Transport Impetus to

move cargo through the sustainable and environment-friendly
coastal and inland waterways mode.
CENTRAL VISTA
REDEVELOPME
NT PROGRAM
CENTRAL VISTA PROJECT – OVERVIEW

1.The Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs proposed a Central Vista redevelopment project in 2019.

2.The project intends to construct a triangular-shaped Parliament building next to the existing one,
construction of Common Central Secretariat, revamp of the 3 kilometres long Rajpath from Rashtrapati
Bhavan to India Gate.

3.It also includes the conversion of North and South Blocks into museums and the development of Central
Vista Avenue.

4.To accommodate the offices of various ministries, 87 storied buildings will be built for the common Central
Secretariat.

5. The Central Vista Redevelopment Plan is proposed to meet the present and future needs of space for the
Parliament, Ministries and Departments, as well as to provide better public facilities, amenities, parking
facilities, etc. Citing fire safety, acoustics concern, the dilapidated condition of the century-old construction,
the redevelopment project is planned.

6.Once this project is completed, the strength of the parliament has been expected to increase from 545 seats
to 900 seats.

7.The project also envisions to improve the beauty of Central vista to make it a world-class tourist attraction
 DEDICATED FREIGHT
CORRIDORS

•The Dedicated freight corridors in India are a

network of broad gauge freight railway lines that
solely serve freight trains, thus making the freight
service in India faster and more efficient. The
Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India is
responsible for undertaking planning,
development, and mobilisation of financial
resources and construction, maintenance and
operation of these corridors.
Mumbai–
Ahmedabad high-
speed rail corridor
[ bullet train ]

•Mumbai–Ahmedabad High Speed

Rail Corridor (MAHSR), or Mumbai–
Ahmedabad HSR, is an under-
construction high-speed rail line, which
will connect India's economic and
financial hub and Maharashtra’s
capital, Mumbai, with the largest city
of the state of Gujarat, Ahmedabad.
When completed, it will be
India's first high-speed rail line.
 MUMBAI SEA ROPEWAY

•India’s first and longest ropeway to connect Mumbai with the famous Elephanta Island in
the Arabian Sea is planned to be constructed by the Mumbai Port Trust

•The 8-km ropeway will begin from Sewri in Mumbai’s east coast and end at Raigad
district’s Elephanta Island, globally renowned for Elephanta Caves, a Unesco World
Heritage site.
NAVI
MUMBAI
INTERNATIONAL
AIRPORT
Navi Mumbai International Airport is a greenfield development built by CIDCO. Once operational, it will be able to handle
yearly traffic of 90 million passengers. The airport covers an area of 1,160 hectares. The total cost of the project is
expected to be 16,700 crores. This infrastructure project in Navi Mumbai will generate over 4 lakh job opportunities.

This airport will be easily accessible via road, metro rail, and suburban railways. The airport connects the Navi Mumbai
Metro Line 1 and the Mumbai metro line 8.

Navi Mumbai International Airport will include cargo terminal buildings, parallel runways for independent operations,
apron area, a cargo complex, taxiways, an aircraft maintenance site, long-term aircraft parking, and much more. A low-
cost carrier terminal having a capacity of two million passengers in a year will also be a part of the first phase.

The terminal buildings will feature food courts, lounges, and many other facilities for travellers’ convenience. The lotus-
shaped buildings will have an aesthetic theme.

The two parallel runways will be 3700m long and 60m wide, both will be spaced 1.55 km apart.
 DISADVANTAGES OF INFRASTRUCTURE

Chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs are the main

cause of ozone layer depletion. These are
In reality, the construction sector
released by solvents, spray aerosols,
contributes to 23% of air pollution, 40% of
refrigerators, air-conditioners{AC} we know
drinking water pollution.
these even we are using AC in our houses,
schools, colleges, offices , etc.

Walking on the bitumen roads or concrete

Due to lack of trees, oxygen quantity blocks causes pain in the knees of human so
decreases continuously which affect the government should design a separate
health. footpath which is made of only compacted
soil.

As much human live around tree they live

longer and their health not deteriorate but We are destroing house of animals and birds
now days human live around the concrete [ by deforestation ].
structure which affect their health.
 Thankyou for watching

Create by – BASANT SHARMA

20BCIN042
4th semester civil engineering

In the mentorship of – SABHILESH SIR