Deder Senior Secondary School Biology Entranc Exam (2005-2010) Workbook For Grade 12

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DEDER SENIOR SECONDARY

SCHOOL BIOLOGY ENTRANC EXAM


(2005-2010) WORKBOOK FOR
GRADE 12
PART ONE
CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER FROM THE FOUR GIVEN ALTERNATIVES

1. Which one of the following is the main constituent of biological membranes?


A) Phospholipids

B) Glycoproteins

C) Glycolipids

D) Cholesterol
2.One of the following biomes in Africa is supporting large wild mammals such as elephants, giraffes and
lions.
A) The Congo rain forest

B) The rain forest of western Ethiopia

C) The savanna grassland

D) The Sahara desert


3. Which of the following steps in the scientific method comes following observation?
A) Predication

B) Hypothesis

C) Experiment
D) Theory
1. The main components of the plant cell wall are ?
A) Starch

A) Cellulose

B) protein

C) chitin
1. Which of the following classes of enzymes digests carbohydrates?
A) Amylases

B) Lipases

C) Proteases

D) Nucleases
2. Which of the following kingdoms of life is consisting of prokaryotic organisms?
A) Fungi

B) Monera

1
A) Protista

B) Plantae
1. Which component of soil fertility is improved when farmers grow legumes in crop rotation ?
A) Phosphorus

B) Nitrogen

C) Sulfur

D)Carbon
2. Before
making
crosses,
which part
of the
flower did
Mendel
remove to
avoid self
pollination
?
A) Stigm
a

B) Ovule

C) Ovary

D) Stame
ns
3.Which one of the following do bees use to inform other bees about location and distance of a new source of
nectar they discover?
A) Pheromones

B) Waggle dance

C) Buzzing noise

D) vibration of wings
4. One of the following molecules is the building units of an enzyme molecule.
A) Amino acids

B) glucose

C) Nucleotides

D) Fatty acids
5.What are the specialists in biology called if he/she studies fossils to generate new knowledge on the origin
and evolution of living things of past geologic periods?
A) Geneticist
2
B) Ecologist

C) Paleontogist

D) comparative Biochemist
D) Sulphur

1. Which of the following is the correct F2 phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross? A) 1:2

B) 1:1

C) 3:1

D) 2:2
2. How many carbon atoms are there in one disaccharide molecule?
A) 6

B)12

C) 18

D) 24
3. Which unit is best to use for measuring the smallest cells and organelles?
A) Micrometer

B) Milliliter

C) Millimeter

D) Nanometer
4. Which energy rich organic compound contains adenine in its molecule ?
A) Lipid

B) Carbohydrate

C) Glucose

D) ATP
5. What are the most frequent causative agents of food poisoning?
A) Bachteria

B) Protozoa

C) viruses

D) Worms
6. What are the most likely causes of variations within species?
A) Mitosis and a sexual reproduction.

B) Overpopulation and overproduction.

C) Vegetative propagation and cloning.

D) Mutations and sexual reproduction.


7. In which hominid species did scientists find the smallest brain size (cranial
capacity)?
3
A) Homo Sapiens

B) Homo Habilis

C) Homo erectus

D) Homo neanderthalensis
1. Which of the following is NOT classified as a learned behavior?
A) Insight

B) Innate

C) Latent

D) Conditioned
2. In which one of the following aspects is the tropical rain forest biome poor?
A) Species diversity

B) amount of sunlight

C) Annual precipitation

D) Soil fertility
3. If the size of a cell increase, which one of the following gets smaller?
A) The volume of the cell

B) The surface area of the cell

C) surface area to volume ratio of cell

D) volume to surface ratio of the cell


4. What makes unsaturated fatty acids different from saturated fatty acids?
A) The presence of long chain of carbon

B) The presence of one or more double bonds

C) The presence of large number of hydrogen atoms

D) Their occurrence as solid at room temperature


5. Which of the following pairs of molecule are known to have catalytic activity?
A) Lipids and proteins

B) carbohydrate and proteins

C) protein and RNAs

D) protein and DNAs


6.If a suspension of a mixture of cellular organelle is spun in a centrifuge, which organelle settles to the
bottom first?
A) Mitochondria

4
A) Nuclei

B) Chloroplasts

C) Ribosomes
1. During chemiosmosis, what substance diffuses from one side to the other side of the membrane?
A) Water molecules

B) protons

C) Electrons

D) ATP molecules
2. Which of the following human diseases can be prevented by taking proper diets?
A) Degenerative diseases

B) Genetic diseases

C) Social diseases

D) Deficiency diseases
3.When two species are compared ,which of the following sources of evidence is least informative about the
degree of relationships between the species?
A) Nucleotide sequence of DNAs

B) Amino acid sequence of proteins

C) Gluscose sequence of polysaccharides

D) DNA-DNA hybridization
4. Which of the following practices dose NOT normally transmit HIV?
A) Sexual intercourse through anus

B) sharing injection needles

C) Blood transfusion

D) shaking hands
5. What is the important role played by microorganism such as bacteria and fungi in the ecosystem?
A) ?Antibiotic production

B) Recycling of nutrients

C) Forming organic substance

D) Supplying energy to the ecosystem


6.Which of the following theories explains evolutionary changes of living things in terms of changes in their
allele frequencies?
A) Darwin's natural selection

B) Spontaneous generation
5
A) Inheritance of acquired characteristics

B) Neo-Darwinism
1. Which of the following is an important function of the Golgi apparatus?
A) Protein synthesis

B) packaging of proteins

C) Removing of debris from cell

D) Storage of waste materials not needed by the cell


2. Which of the following is NOT usually true as an ecological succession progresses to advanced seral stages
?
A) More ecological niches are formed

B) Species become more diverse

C) The depth of the soil increase

D) Less population is supported


3. One of the following is an important cause of gene of gene mutation.
A) Old age

B) Alcoholic drinks

C)Smoking

D) Radiation
4.What is the reproductive isolating mechanism called if two species of forgs do not interbreed because they
cannot understand the mating calls of one another
A) Seasonal isolation

B) Behavioral isolation

C) Temporal isolation

D) isolation by distance
5. How many chromosomes do humans inherit from each of their parents?
A) 23 chromosome

B) 23 pairs of chromosome

C)46 chromosome

D) 46 pairs of chromosome
6. In which one of the four phases of population growth is the number of the population the highest ?
A) Lag phase

B) log phase

C) Constant phase
6
D)Decline phase
1. Which of the following is NOT true abut the gene called SRY?
A) It is found on the Y-chromosome.

B) It determines maleness.

C) Testes develop in its presence.

D) Female have two copies of this gene.


2.To which of the following groups do those bacterio phages that integrate their DNA in to the chromosome
of their bacterial host belong?
A) Virulent viruses

B) Lytic viruses

C) Lysogenic viruses

D) Non-parasitic viruses
3.What do we call the learned behavior if a mouse that had just escaped from the mouth of a cat jumped
violemy at a slight touch by a trivial object?
A) Latent learning

B) Sensitization

C) Conditioning

D) Imprinting
4. In which of the following features are eukaryotic cells distinguished from prokaryotic cells?
A) They have mitochondria

B) Their nuclei lack membrane

C) They have no DNA

D) They have smallest ribosomes


5. What will happen if human red biood cells are kept in a hypotonic solution
A) Lose water by osmosis and burst

B) Lose water by osmosis and shrink

C) Take in water by osmosis ,swell and burst

D) Take in water by osmosis ,swell and remain turgid


6. Which of the following field equipment is used to detrmine an exact location of a place?
A) Theodolite

B) Global positioning system

C) Field microscope

D) Field PH kit
7
1. The sheep 'dolly' is an example of which biotechnological manipulation of animals by human?
A) Transgenic animal

B) Genetically engineered animal

C) Cloned animal

D) Hybrid animal
2. Among the following ,which one is the best criterion to show that two population belong to same species?
A) Morphological similarity

B) Physiologically similarity

C) Inhabiting the same geographic area

D) Production of fertile offspring


3. In the process of the evolution of life on earth , which of the following four processes evolved last?
A) Photosynthesis

B) Aerobic respiration

C) chemosynthesis

D) Photo-autotrophism
4. What is a theory in biology?
A) The outcome of an experiment

B) A proof that shows the hypothesis is true

C) A hypothesis supported by experiments and/or observations.

D) An opinion or educated guess resulting from observations.


5. For which of the following is a theodolite used in biology education?
A) Measuring the height of trees

B) Recording positions where a species is found

C) Measuring the rate of flow of water in a cell.

D) Measuring the PH of water or soil.


6. What is the name of the suger found in milk?
A) Glucose

B) Lactose

C) Maltose

D) Sucrose
7. To which class of enzymes do the digestive enzymes belongs?
A) Esterases

8
A) Transferases

B) Hydrolyses

C) Isomerases
1.Which of the following crops is considered to be the best choice for a better balance of essential amino
aides as a human diet?
A) Maize

B) Quinoa

C) Rice

D) Wheat
2. What is the main reason fore the high species richness of pants and mammals observed in Ethiopia?
A) Lack of predators

B) Lack of disturbance

C) Presence of several becomes within the country

D) Efficient management of the ecological resources


3. In which type of solution is the water potential more negative than in the cells?
A) Hypotonic

B) hyper-tonic

C) Isotonic

D) equal solute and solvent concentration


4. Which of the following paired organelle are membrane-bound?
A) Ribosomes and peroxisomes

B) Chloroplasts and ribosomes

C) Mitochondria and ribosome

D) chloroplasts and mitochondria


5. Most cell membrane are primarily composed of which compounds
A) Proteins and lipids

B) DNA and ATP

C) Chitin and starch

D) Nucleotides and amino acids


6. Which group of micro-organisms cause the diseases known as athletes foot?
A) Bacteria

B) Fungi

9
A) Protozoa

B) Viruses
1. Choose the one that is different from all the others.
A) Genetically modified organisms

B) Genetically engineered organisms

C) Pathogenic organisms

D) Transgenic organisms
2. Under which of the following groups can the fungi be more conveniently placed?
A) Autotrophs

B) Heterotrophs

C) Prokaryotes

D) Plants
3. What is the type of community called when it has reached the final and most complex stage of a succession
A) Pioneer community

B) seral community

C) Climax community

D) secondary community
4. Which of the following is an ecosystem
A) A Tropical Rain forest

B) The African continent

C) All the organisms in a given area

D) The non-living components of an environment


5. Which of the following characteristics can show the evolutionary relationships among organism?
A) Structures having similar function

B) structures having same size

C) structure having common origin

D) structure having different origin


6.The group of the Ethiopian wolf does NOT contribute to territory marking with their urine containing
pheromones is .
A) Adult males

B) Adult females

C) sub-adult males

10
D) Sub-adult females
1. In which of the following are flowers and fruits found?
A) Ferns and relative

B) Gymnosperms and ferns

C) Mosses and conifers

D) monocots and dicots


2. In a cross between heterozygous what proportion is expected to be homozygous recessive?
A) 25%

B) 50%

C) 75%

D) 100%
3. Gene silencing is the function of one of the following molecules.
A) dsRNA

B) mRNA

C) siRNA

D) tRNA
4. Which processes is held responsible for chronic myelogenous leukemia?
A) Translocation

B) Translation

C) Transcription

D) Duplication
5.Two parents of genotype Aa are cross-bred .The alleles show complete dominance. What proportion of the
offspring will phenotypically look like their parents?
A) 0

B) 1/4

C) 1/2

D) 3/4
6. Which one of the following concepts contains all the other ?
A) Species

B) Genus

C) population

D) community

11
1. Choose the one that is NOT a requirement of all living things.
A) Ability to think

B) organization of parts

C) Response to the stimuli

D) Maintenance of internal constancy


2. What is the advantage of using HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy ) for the treatment of HIV
A) It gives a lasting immunity to HIV

B) It prevents mutation of HIV.

C) It prevents re-infection by HIV.

D) It helps to break the life cycle of HIV.


3. In which of its contents RNA differs from DNA?
A) Deoxyribose and guanine

B) Ribose and uracil

C) Ribose and uracil

D) Phosphate and adenine


4. Which of the following cell types can be rich in lysosomes?
A) Red blood cells

B) Nerve cells

C) Phagocytic cells

D) Muscle cells
5.What can one conclude about the contents of the food stuff if a mixture of Benedict solution and foodstuff
remain blue after heating ?
A) It contains proteins

B) It lacks starch

C) It contains fats

D) It lacks reducing sugar


6.Which of the following types of enzyme inhibitions can be removed when the end product of the metabolic
pathway is depleted?
A) Allosteric inhibition

B) Non-reversible inhibition

C) competitive inhibition

D) Reversible competitive inhibition

12
1.If red blood cells shrink when placed in a certain solution ,what is the strength of the solution relative to
the strength of the protoplasm of the cells?
A) Hypotonic

B) Isotonic

C) Hyper tonic

D) Isoosmotic
2. Which of the following is NOT true about photo system-II?
A) Its reaction center molecule is P680.

B) Its passes its excited electrons to photo system-I

C) The energy lost from its excited electrons reduces NADP

D) It replenishes its lost electrons from photolysis of water.


3. On which one of the following principle are most of the anti-HIV drugs currently in use working?
A) Inhibition of enzyme action

B) Degradation of viral RNA

C) Digesting of viral particles

D) Phagocytosis of the virus


4.Among the following mating, where the ABO blood genotype of the partners are shown, identify the
mating in which all the children will have the same blood type.
A) AO x BO

B) AA x OO

C) AB x BO

D) BB x AO
5.If a new mutant allele arises in a certain population, which of the following factors determines if the allele
is going to b adaptive or non- adaptive
A) The environment in which the population lives.

B) The rate at which the gene mutates.

C) The population in which the gene is found

D) The use and disuse of the gene by the population


6. Which of the following is the correct route that connects a stimulus and a response?
A) Receptor --> coordinator --> effector

B) Coordinator-->receptor--> effector

C) Receptor--> effector --> coordinator

D) Effector--> receptor --> coordinator

13
1.In which of the following compound are both members of the pair are polymers of carbohydrates that
naturally occur in plants only?
A) Starch and chitin

B) Starch and cellulose

C) Glycogen and cellulose

D) Glycogen and chitin


2. Which of the following is generally expected to give better health benefits when presence in human
diet?
A) Animal fat

B) Mono unsaturated fatty acid

C) Saturated fatty acid

D) Polyunsaturated fatty acid


3. What is the important of chemiosmosis in photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
A) Splitting of water molecules

B) Operating the proton pump

C) Combining hydrogen and carbon

D) Synthesizing ATP
4.If the age pyramid of a certain country is narrowing at the base ,what does this tell about the trend of the
population size of the country? The population size is:
A) declining

B) growing fast

C) increasing slowly

D) stabilizing
5.Suppose the amino acid coding region in a mRNAis 1200 nucleotides long, how long is the protein in
terms of amino acid number?
A) 1200 amino acids

B) 600 amino acids

C) 400 amino acids

D) 300 amino acids


6.If a new anti-HIV drug is to be developed to prevent the virus form entering the host cell, which one of the
following processes should the drug target?
A) Reverse transcription

B) Binding of Gp120 and CD4

C) Integration of viral DNA in to host DNA

D) Assembly of viral parts in to a whole virus 14


1. Which one of the following factors is NOT important for evolutionary change of a population
A) Over reproduction

B) Insufficiency of natural resource

C) Existence of heritable variations

D) Survival of all that are born


2.One of the following would be harder to see under the ordinary light microscope that is more likely to be
available in school laboratories .
A) Nucleus

B) A bacterium

C) A mitochondrion

D) A ribosome
3. In some human liver cells there are 92 chromosome per cell. What is the ploidy level of such cells?
A) Haploid

B) Diploid

C) Tetraploid

D) Hexaploid
4. Which of the following groups of substance are all inorganic?
A) Water ,sugar, calcium, carbonate

B) sugar , fatty acid , amino acid

C) Water ,calcium carbonate,carbon dioxide

D) Carbon dioxide ,amino acid, fatty acid


5. To what kind of animal behavior can the spinning of a web by a spider be classified?
A) Learned behavior

B) Experiential behavior

C) Instinctive behavior

D) Accidental behavior
6. Which of the following is a recently developed active area of research in biology today?
A) Taxonomic study

B) study about the cell theory

C) Ecological research

D) stem cell research


7. Where dose the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis occur in the chloroplast?
A) In the thylakoid ?membrane
15
A) In the fluid of the stroma

B) In all parts of the chloroplast

C) In the stomatal opening


1. For which of the following is the sugar produced by photosynthesis NOT used?
A) To produce biomass.

B) To make new DNA

C) To produce ATP in respiration

D) To produce enzymes
2. In which process is ATP generated during short distance hight speed running ?
A) Aerobic respiration

B) Mitochondrial energy transformation

C) Anaerobic respiration

D) The krebs cycle


3. Which one of the following choices shows the end products of a mitotic cell division?
A) Gametes and ordinary cells

B) Four genetically different cells

C) Two genetically different cells

D) Two genetically identical cells


4. What exactly happens during a substitution mutation?
A) One base is replaced by a different base.

B) An extra base is added during DNA replication

C) A base is missed out during DNA replication

D) Change occur in the arrangement or structure of a chromosome


5. During the course of evolution, which of the following events came before all the others?
A) Origin of dinosaurs and other reptiles.

B) Availability of free oxygen in the atmospare

C) Origin of the oldest eukaryotic organism

D) origin of the first multicellular animals and plants.


6.What kind of natural selection is at work in a situation where individual at both extreme ends of the range
get better survival advantages that those around the middle?
A) Stabilizing selection

B) Direction selection extremes

16
A) Disruptive selection

B) Selection that removes the


1.In which geologic period does the fossil record show more diverse and relatively higher forms of
organism?
A) Devonian

B) Cretaceous

C) Jurassic

D) Permian

Answer Key
1.A 11.C 21.D 31.D 41.A 51.B 61.C 71.B 81.B 91.C
2.C 12.C 22.C 32.B 42.C 52.C 62.D 72.C 82.D 92.D
3.B 13.C 23.B 33.D 43.B 53.B 63.D 73.D 83.B 93.A
4.B 14.B 24.C 34.D 44.C 54.D 64.A 74.A 84.A 94.D
5.A 15.D 25.B 35.B 45.D 55.A 65.C 75.C 85.C 95.C
6.B 16.D 26.B 36.A 46.B 56.B 66.A 76.C 86.B 96.D
7.B 17.A 27.D 37.C 47.C 57.C 67.D 77.A 87.D 97.A
8.A 18.D 28.C 38.D 48.A 58.B 68.D 78.B 88.D 98.B
9.B 19.B 29.D 39.C 49.B 59.C 69.A 79.A 89.C 99.C
10.D 20.B 30.B 40.B 50.C 60.A 70.D 80.A 90.C 100.B

PART TWO

1. Which of the following do viruses share with cells?


A) Cell wall

B) Cytoplasma

C) Nucleic acid

D) Protoplasma
2. Which one of the following cellular forms did Robert Hooke observe under his crude microscope?
A) Bacteria

B) Protozoa

C) Yeast

17
D) Empty cell wall
1.In the case of enzymatic chemical reactions, what do you call the substance that is acted up on by an
enzyme?
A) Polypeptide

B) Coenzyme

C) Vitamin

D) Substrate
2. Choose the organisms that belong to the eukaryotes?
A) Bacteria

B) Blue -green algae

C) Amoeba

D) Virus
3. While conducting research, which of the following should a biologist do first?
A) Generate a hypothesis

B Conduct experiment

A) Communicate the results

B) Identify a research question / problem


1. Which of the following structures is NOT present in animal cells?
A) Cell wall

B) Nucleus

C) Protoplasm

B) Nucleic acid
2.An experimental animal stopped responding to a stimulus that has been repeated so many times .What type
of learned behavior is this ?
A) Latent learning

B) Habituation

C) Imprinting

D) Operant conditioning
3. Behavior that is repeated on a daily basis is referred to as:
A) Lunar

B) Circadian

C) Circannua

D) Seasonal
18
1. Which molecule in the cell is the constituent of the gene?
A) Nucleic acid

B) Protein

C) Lipid

D) Carbohydrate
2. Which is the branch of biology that studies abut the origin and gradual changes of living things?
A) Microbiology

B) Evolution

C) Mutation

D) Reproduction
3. What is the general term for the part of the protoplasms that lies outside the nucleus?
A) Cytosol

B) Cytoplasm

C) Central vacuole

D) Plasma membrane
4.How many net ATP molecule are generated through anaerobic respiration , when a single glucose molecule
is change to pyruvate in the human body?
A) Tow

B) Three

C) Four

D) Six
5. Which of the following groups of bacteria consists of rod shaped cells?
A) Gram - positive

B) Bacilli

C) Cocci

D) Spirilla
6. How many carbon and oxygen tomes are there in a molecule of maltose?
A) 6 carbon and 6 oxygen

B) 12 Carbone and 11

C) 11 carbon and 12 oxygen

D) 24 carbon and 12 oxygen


7. On which of the following organelles of the eukaryotic cell does protein synthesis take place?
A) The nucleus
19
A) The ribosome

B) The chloroplast

C) The mitochondrion
1. Which of the following parts of plant roots is harboring nitrogen fixing bacteria
A) Root nodule

B) Root hair

C) Root tip

D) Root cap
2. Which of the following is true about protozoa?
A) They are a group of bacteria

B) They are one-celled organisms

C) They represent both plant and animals

D) They are unicellular animals


3. Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of amino acids that is NOT found in carbohydrates?
A) Carbon

B) Oxygen

C) Hydrogen

D) Nitrogen
4. Which of the following statement is true about matter and energy in the ecosystem?
A) Both matter and energy are recycled

B) Matter is not recycled energy is recycled

C) Matter is recycled energy is not recycled

D) Energy is recycled more than matter does


5. Which one of the following molecule in living things is not an organic molecule?
A) Sugar

B) Nucleotide

C) Amino acid

D) Water
6. At which stage is most of the ATP generated in aerobic respiration?
A) Glycolysis

B) Link reaction

C) Krebs cycle
20
D) Electron transport
1. Which of the following is the common characteristic of all enzymes?
A) They act inside cells only

B) They are proteins

C) They require cofactors

D) They operate at any PH


2. In a cross between round green pea of RRyy genotype wrinkled yellow pea of rrYY genotype, what is the
expected genotype of the F1?
A) RRyy

B) rrYY

C) RRYY

D) RrYy
3. Which of the following cellular structures is possessed by all cells
A) Cell membrane

B) Nucleus

C) Cell wall

D) Golgi apparatus
4. During the krebs cycle which of the following molecule temporarily stores most of the energy released
from food molecule
A) ADP

B) ATP

C) NADH

D) FADH
5. Which of the following carbohydrate has structural function?
A) Cellulose

B) Glycogen

C) Starch

D) Sucrose
6. Which of the following forms of nitrogen are readily utilization by green plants?
A) Atmospheric nitrogen

B) Nitrite

C) Ammonium ion

D) Nitrate
21
1.In some crosses of maize, the progeny produces better yield than the parents. What is this phenomenon
known as?
A) Dominance

B) Hetrozygosity

C) Hybrid vigor

D) Inbreeding depression
2. Which of the following techniques is used to separate DNA fragments according to their size on gel?
A) Southern blotting

B) Electrophoresis

C) Radioactive labeling

D) Digestion by restriction
3.Which of the following group of animals have males with ZZ and females with ZW sex chromosome
constitution?
A) Grasshopper

B) Birds

C) Mammals

D) Honey bee
4. The molecule of which pigment is located at the reaction center of a photosystem?
A) Chlorophyll a

B) Chlorophyll b

C) Carotenoid

D) Accessory pigments
5.According to Lamarck's theory of evolution what is the mechanism by which evolving organisms acquire
new structures?
A) Mutation

B) Hereditary variation

C) Use -and- disuse of parts of the body

D) Recombination of ancestral genes


6. In which of the activities of the honey bee colony are worker bees involved?
A) Laying eggs

B) Serving as queens

C) Reproductive function

D) Taking care of the larvae

22
1. In which one of the following ways the Tundra biome differs from desert biome?
A) It is a treeless biome

B) It has little biodiversity

C) It receives little precipitation

D) It has permanently frozen subsoil


2.Which one of the following is the mechanism by which tow genes located on the same chromosome are
separated?
A) Independent assortment

B) Segregation

C) Linkage

D) Crossing over
3.If present in the fermentation system which one of the following would negatively affect alcohol
production by yeasts?
A) Water

b) Oxygen

A) Glucose

B) Fermentation enzyme
1.Which of the following can be taken as case for evidence of evolution from the filed of plant and animal
breeding?
A) Artificial breeding always creates new sepecies

B) Artificial breeding only produces new organisms with higher yield

C) Artificial breeding shows that natural selection can produces variations

D) Artificial breeding can produces new variations in organisms


2.Which of the following mechanism moves digested amino acids and glucose across the plasma membrane
of the cell lining the wall of the small intestine?
A) Osmosis

B) Simple diffusion

C) Facilitated diffusion

D) Active transport
3. Where exactly in the cell dose the Krebs cycle take place?
A) Mitochondrial matrix

B) Inner mitochondrial membrane

C) Cytoplasmic fluid

D) Outer mitochondrial membrane


23
1. What is the ultimate source of renege for all organism living on the earth?
A) Water

B) Oxygen

C) Nitrogen

D) The sun
2. Which of the following substance is NOT necessary for photosyntheseis to take place?
A) Chlorophyll

B) Carbon dioxide

C) Oxygen

D) Water
3. Which group of organic compound includes the enzymes?
A) Proteins

B) Lipids

C) Starches

D) Carbohydrates
4. Into which of the following organic compound can lipase maltase and sucrase be grouped?
A) Hormones

B) Carbohydrates

C) Nucleic acids

D) Enzymes
5. Choose the characteristics that viruses share with living things.
A) They are made up of many specialized cells

B) They contain genetic material

C) They reproduce by mitosis

D) They contain chlorphyll


6.Which one of the following eukaryotic cell organelles was a free living cell before eukaryotic cells
evolved?
A) Nucleus

B) Ribosome

C) Chloroplast

D) Nucleolus
7.If radioactive substance that weighs one kilogram has a half-life of 100 years what would be the percentage
of the substance left after 300 years?
24
A) 50

B) 30

C) 25

D) 12.5
1. Which of the following is more true about the male of the honey bee?
A) It has no father

B) It is sterile

C) It is diploid

D) It regulates the colony


2. Which of the following PH values represents the strongest base?
A) 2

B) 7

C) 13

D) 15
3. In Ethiopia, which one of the following vertebrate groups has the largest number of genera?
A) Mammals

B) Birds

C) Reptiles

D) Amphibians
4.Which of the following is an accurate representation of the relationships between the terms metabolism
anabolism and catabolism?
A) Anabolism = Catabolism

B) Metabolism =Catabolism

C) Anabolism = Catabolism + Metabolism

D) Metabolism = cataboilsm + Anabolism


5.Which do you call structures that have the have the same evolutionary origin but now are different in
structure or have different functions?
A) Endemic

B) Analogous

C) Homologous

D) Indigenous
6. Which term describes the process by which water is lost by evaporating through the stomata of
leaves ?
A) Transport 25
A) Transpiration

B) Anchorage

C) Adhesion
1. Which of the following is true about saturated fatty acids?
A) They have single bonds between carbon atoms

B) They are the same as polyunsaturated fatty acids

C) They are the same as monounsaturated fatty acids

D) They have double bonds between the carbon atoms


2.For a biological detergent to effectively remove oily and greasy dirt, which of the following enzymes
should it contain?
A) Cellulase

B) Protease

C) Amylase

D) Lipase
3.In which kingdom of life is it most likely to finde many examples of organisms that can undergo
metamorphosis?
A) Monera

B) Fungi

C) Plantae

D) Animals
4. During protein synthesis where in the cell does transcription take place?
A) Ribosome

B) Nucleus

C) Endoplasmic reticulum

D) Golgi apparatus
5. What is a perfect flower?
A) A flower with petals and pistil

B) A flower with stamens and sepals

C) A flower with stamens and pistil

D) A flower with sepals and petals


6. Which molecules carry the instruction for protein synthesis?
A) Carbohydrates and lipids

B) Amino acids
26
A) DNA and RNA

B) Enzymes
1. Which region of the human digestive tract contains enzymes that perform well at low PH?
A) Mouth

B) Stomach

C) Small intestine

D) Sunlight
2. Which of the following resources is needed by an ecosystem from outside in order to sustain itself
A) Producers

B) Macronutrients

C) Micronutrients

D) Sunlight

3. Which of the following is true about the substance represented by the chemical formula C H NO ?
2 5 2

A) Simple sugar

B) Inorganic substance

C) Fatty acid

D) Amino acid
4.Which one of the following characteristic is UNNECESSARY for an object to be considered a living
thing?
A)Ability to respond to stimuli

B) Ability to reproduce

C) Ability to grow

D) Ability to move
5.Which filed studies the way in which individual traits of organisms are transmitted from one generation to
the next?
A) Genetics

B) Ecology

C) Evolution

D) Morphology
6.In which of the following ways is the carbon dioxide of the atmosphere fixed in to the Carbone found in
organic molecules?
A) In the breathing processes of all animals

B) In the decomposition of organic molecules


27
A) In the process of photosynthesis by green plants

B) In all the cellular respiration processes of organisms


1.Which of the following is NOT a term used to describe organisms that have had foreign genes added to
them?
A) Genetically modified organisms

B) Transgenic organisms

C) Genetically engineered organisms

D) Pathogenic organisms
2. Which of the following is prevented from taking place if populations are separated by a geographic
barrier?
A) Mutation

B) Evolution

C) Gene flow

D) Natural selection
3. In protein synthesis, what is produced during transcription?
A) Protein

B) mRNA

C) DNA

D) Polypeptide
4. If a cell fails to clear its cellular debris which one of its organelle is most likely NOT functioning?
A) Nucleus

B) Mitochondria

C) Endoplasmic reticulum

D) Ribosomes
5. Which of the following applies to the tropical rainforest?
A) Low rainfall and hight temperature

B) Low rainfall and low temperature

C)
D) High
High rainfall
rainfall and
and hight temperature
low temperature
1. Which stage in the life cycle of HIV is inhibited by the antiretroviral drug known as integrase inhibitor?
A) conversion of viral RNA to DNA

A) Replication of the viral genome

B) Insertion of the viral genome in to host genome

28
D) Release of the viral progeny from the cell
1.Which of the following groups of plants carry out light dependent and light independent reaction of
photosynthesis in separate cells?
A) C-3 plants

B) C-4 plants

C) CAM plants

D) plants with out chlorophyll


2. Among the following identify the organelle in which nucleic acid is NOT found ?
A) Mitochondria

B) Chloroplast

C) Ribosome

D) Golgi apparatus
3. Which of the following can create strong inter- specific competition if share by two or more
species?
A) Habitat

B) Ecosystem

C) Niche

D) Predator
4.The half-life of carbon-14 is about 5730 years. If a fossil is 17200 years old, about what percent of its
original carbon -14 is still present in the fossil?
A) 75 %

B) 50 %

C) 25 %

D) 12 %
5. Which of the following pairs of individuals have identical DNA fingerprints?
A) Father and sun

B) Mother and daughter

C) Brother and sister

D) Monozygotic twins
6. Among the following which one has little or no contribution to the loss of biodiversity?
A) Overgrazing by domestic animals

B) Clearing forests to grow crops

C) Growing crops of improved verities

D) Growing crops of land 29


1.Suppose sites A,B,C and D have Simpson's Index of Diversity (d) values of 20,8,16,and 3, respectively,
which site is dominated by one or just a few species?
A) Site A

B) Site B

C) Site C

D) Site D
2. Which of the following types of chromosome mutations gives rise to an extra chromosome?
A) Inversion

B) Trans location

C) Deletion

D) Non- disjunction
3.Suppose a hypothetical cube- shaped cell has sides of 10 micrometers, what is the surface area to volume
ratio of this cell?
A) 6:10

B) 10:10

C) 3:6

D) 4:8
4. which of the following pairs are analogous structures ?
A) Wing of bird and wing of a butterfly

B) Front leg of a horse and a human arm

C) Wing of a bird and wing of a bat

D) Front leg of a frog and wing of a bat


5. How are unsaturated fats distinguished?
A) They are made up of glucose and fructose

B) They are made up of amino acids and glycerol

C) They have double bonds in their carbon chains

D)They have only single bonds at the points of attachment


6. Which of the the following mating produces children all having the same ABO blood phenotypes
A) AO x AB

B) BB x OO

C) AO x BO

D) AA x BO
7. Which of the following is the largest ecological unit?
30
A) A community

B) A biome

C) A population

D) An ecosystem
1. Among the following fossil hominid species which one is the oldest of all?
A) Homo erectus

B) Ardipithecus ramidus

C) Australopithecus afarensis

D) Australopithecus africanus
2.During aerobic respiration what is the route through which protons return from the mitochondrial inter-
membrane space back to its matrix?
A) Proton pump

B) ATP synthase

C) Ion channel

D) Membrane lipid
3. From which of the processes of cellular respiration is the majority of the ATP generated?
A) Anaerobic fermentation

B) Glycolysis and link reaction

C) Electron transport and chemiosmosis

D) Krebs cycle and glycolysis


4. Choose the one that represent a chemical formula of an organic compound?

A) C12H22O11

A)Mg(OH) 2

B)NH 3

C) NaCL
1. In which of the following solutions does an animal cell undergo hemolysis?
A) In hypotonic solution

B) In hypertonic solution

C) In isotonic solution

D) In both hypotonic and hypertonic solution


2. On which of the following does the rate of algal photosynthesis in a lake
depend?
31
A) The Oxygen content of the water
A) The nitrogen content of the water

B) The elevation where the lake is found

C) The amount of light that penetrates the lake water


1. What does the absence of chloroplast in a unicellular organism indicate?
A) Reproduction by sexual means

B) Autotrophic nutrition

C) Heterotrophic nutrition

D) Completed lack of metabolic processes


2. Which of the following did the early heterotrophs do that probably assisted the origin of autotrophs?
A) They added oxygen and chlorophyll to the environment

B) They added carbon dioxide to the environment

C) They stored energy in the bonds of inorganic compound

D) They manufactured food from carbon dioxide and oxygen


3. If DNA contain 10% thymine, what is the percentage of cytosine in the DNA?
A) 10%

B) 30%

C) 40%

D) 90%
4.Which of the following conclusions can be drawn the structural similarities observed between the flippers
of whales and the arms of humans?
A) The human species began life in the ocean

B) The human species and whales share a common ancestry

C) Whales are older than the human species

D) Whales have evolved from early humans that went back to the ocean
5. Which of the following will happen if a plant cell is kept in a solution that is stronger than its
protoplasms?
A) The cell will become turgid

B) The central vacuole will expand

C) The protoplasms will get plasmolysed

D) The cell will swell and burst


6. Which of the following is produced when a lipid molecule is hydrolyzed?
A) Amino acid and water

B) Amino acid and glucose


32
A) Fatty acids and glycerol

B) Glucose and glycerol


1.What is the ecological succession in which plant communities establish after an area has been completely
demolished by fire?
A) Tree succession

B) Secondary succession

C) Primary succession

D) Bare rock succession


2. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?
A) AIDS is the virus and HIV is the disease

B) Both AIDS and HIV refer to the disease

C) AIDS is the disease and HIV is the virus

D) Both AIDS and HIV refer to the virus


3. From which organism is the first antibiotic used in medicine produced ?
A) Gram negative bacteria

B) Members of the fungi

C) Genetically modified protozoa

D) Higher plants
4.Biotechnology can be applied in environmental remediation . To which of the major application areas of
biotechnology is this most related?
A) Medicine and nutrition

B) Medicine and industry

C) Biodiversity and industry

D) Agriculture and environment


5.Suppose in an experiment conducted to test a new drug, 20 people were given the drug and 20 people a
placebo. What is the control of the experiment?
A) People who received the placebo

B) People who received the new drug

C) The new drug itself

D) The new drug and the placebo

Answer Key
1.C 11.B 21.D 31.A 41.C 51.C 61.D 71.B 81.C 91.B
33
2.D 12.A 22.B 32.C 42.A 52.B 62.D 72.D 82.B 92.C
3.D 13.B 23.D 33.D 43.D 53.A 63.A 73.A 83.D 93.B
4.C 14.B 24.A 34.D 44.B 54.D 64.C 74.D 84.C 94.C
5.D 15.B 25.C 35.D 45.C 55.D 65.D 75.D 85.B 95.C
6.A 16.A 26.A 36.B 46.D 56.B 66.C 76.D 86.C 96.B
7.B 17.B 27.D 37.C 47.B 57.C 67.B 77.D 87.A 97.C
8.B 18.D 28.C 38.D 48.C 58.C 68.C 78.D 88.A 98.B
9.A 19.C 29.B 39.A 49.B 59.C 69.C 79.A 89.A 99.D
10.B 20.D 30.B 40.D 50.D 60.D 70.C 80.A 90.C 100.A

PART THREE

1. Which of the following units of measurement is more convenient to express the size of cellular organelles?
A) Meter

B) Centimeter

C) Milliliter

D) Micrometer
2. Which of the following step of the scientific method comes before all the rest?
A) Hypothesis

B) Experiment

C) Conclusion

D) Reporting the result


3. What do we call a scientists who specializes in studying insects?
A) An ecologist

B) A paleontologist

C) An entomologist

D) a microbiologist
4. To which one of the following organic molecules do enzymes belong?
A) Carbohydrate

B) Amino acids

C) Proteins

D) Lipids
5. Which of the following is a coenzyme
A) NAD
34
A) Carbohydrate

B) Water molecule

C) Proteins
1. Which of the following behavioral biologists is known for his study about imprinting behavior in animals?
A) W. Kohler

B) B.F.Skinner

C) Ivan pavlov

D) Konrad Lorenz
2. Which tool of the biologist is more frequently used to study cell structure in the laboratory
A) Dissecting kit

B) Centrifuge

C) Petri-dish

D) Microscope
3. What colour do gram-positive bacteria stain with Gram's stain?
A) Rad

B) Pink

C) Purple

D) White
4. Which group of organisms in the ecosystem release nutrients locked up in dead bodies of organisms?
A) Parasites

B) Decomposers

C) Autotrophs

D) Carnivores
5. Which of the following are the two major constituents of eukaryotic chromosomes?
A) DNA and RNA

B) DNA and protein

C) DNA and carbohydrate

D) RNA and lipid


6.Which one of the following crops has its center of origin and diversity in Ethiopia has became a leading
international commodity of commerce?
A) Teff

B) Enset

35
A) Coffee

B) Anchote
1. Which group of animal has the highest number of total and endemic species in Ethiopia ?
A) Amphibians

B) Birds

C) Mammals

D) Reptiles
2. What is the molecule that supplies the quickest and suitable source of energy to cells?
A) Lactose

B) Sucrose

C) ATP

D) Lipid
3.A carbohydrate compound is known to have 12 carbon atoms in the whole molecule. What could this
compound be?
A) A polypeptid

B) A disaccharide

C) A monosaccharide

D) A polysaccharide
4. Among the following organisms, which one belongs to the prokaryotes?
A) Paramecium

B) Streptococcus

C) Spirogyra

D) Tapeworm
5. Which of the following is consistent with the understanding of human evolution?
A) Bipedalism was never important in human evolution.

B) Larger brain size had no contribute to the evolution of the human species.

C) Human ancestry hand no relation whatsoever with that of the chimpanzees

D) Fossils of Lucy and Ardi provided evidence for human origin.


6.Baby ostriches tend to follow the first moving object that they see as they hatch out of the eggs. What kind
of animal behaviour does this demonstrate?
A) Positive taxis

B) Innate behavior

C) Positive kinesis
36
D) Learned behavior
1. Which of the following true about mutations that occur in normal body cells?
A) They never lead to cancerous cells.

B) They never pass to the next generation

C) They never damage the affected cells.

D) There is no way that they kill the affected cells.


2.What is the processes called when two bacteria directly contact cell to cell and exchange their genetic
information?
A) Conjugation

B) Transformation

C) Co-transformation

D) transduction
3. Why is it that mutations are considered as one of the raw materials of evolution?
A) They contribute to new variations in organism

B) They are usually related to the environment in which they appear.

C) They are mostly beneficial to the organism in which they appear.

D) They usually become the causes for species extinction


4. Which of the following is formulated as a possible outcome of an experiment?
A) Hypothesis

B) Prediction

C) Data analysis

D) Recording the data


5.If certain food stuff gave a positive result with benedicts test only after it was hydrolysed with hydrochloric
acid, which of the following substances could it be?
A) Non-reducing sugar

B) Nucleic acid

C) Lipid

D) Proteins
6. In scientific method, what is the importance of a background research for a given problem?
A) To formulate a hypothesis

B) To make a prediction

C) To prepare report of the result

D) To make a conclusion
37
1. Which of the following is NOT true about mitochondria and chloroplasts?
A) Both contain chlorophyll

B) Both contain nucleic acid

C) Both have double membrane

D) Both transduce energy


2. Which of the following molecules is NOT a polymer?
A) Protein

B) Lipid

C) RNA

D) Starch
3. What dose it mean when biologists express the cell membrane as a unit membrane?
A) A cell is covered by a single membrane.

B) A membrane is only one lipid layer thick

C) All cells have essentially similar membrane.

D) A membrane is covered by a single layer of protein.


4.Which of the following classes of molecule CANNOT pass easily across the cell membrane by simple
diffusion?
A) Small non-polar molecules

B) Lipid soluble molecules

C) Non-polar molecules

D) polar molecules
5. Which of the following substance has a shape which is similar to that of the substrate of an enzyme?
A) The reaction product

B) A competitive inhibitor

C) A cofactor

D) An allosteric inhibitor
6. At which level of structural organization do proteins have the alpha helix shape?
A) Primary structure

B) Secondary structure

C) Tertiary structure

D) Quaternary structure
7.Among the following scientists who contributed to the cell theory, identify the one who stated that a cell
can arise only from another cell like it.
38
A) Robert Hooke

B) Theodor Schwann

C) Matthias Schleiden

D) Rudolf virchow
1.Which of the following modes of transport is used by cell to move substance against their concentration
gradients?
A) Osmosis

B) Simple diffusion

C) Facilitated diffusion

D) Active transport
2.Which of the following features makes human T-lymphocyte cells more vulnerable to HIV attack?
Presence of:
A) Cell membrane.

B) DNA on the chromosomes.

C) CD4 on the membrane surface

D) Pores in the cell membrane


3. Which one of the following terms refers to how fast an enzyme acts on its substrate?
A) Turn over number

B) Substrate number

C) Enzyme number

D) Product number
4.Which of the following factor determines the rate at which organelle settle out of cell homogenate if spun
in a centrifuge?
A) Mass of the organelle

B) Function of the organelle in the cell.

C) Location of the organelle in the cell

D) Thickness of the membrane covering the organelle


5.Which one of the following classes of organic molecule is the least important source of energy for cellular
respiration?
A) Nucleic acids

B) Lipids

C) Carbohydrates

D) Proteins

39
1.Which one of the following processes has a decreasing effect on the concentration of atmospheric carbon
dioxide?
A) Cellular respiration

B) Combustion of fossil fuels

C) Decomposition of dead organism

D) Photosynthesis
2. Which of the following is NOT true about instinctive behaviour?
A) It can be developed further through learning

B) It is triggered by a key stimulus

C) It has a fixed action pattern.

D) It is adaptive for the species


3. In which of the following ways do retroviruses differ from other RNA viruses?
A) Their genetic materials is DNA.

B) Their genetic materials is RNA.

C) They copy RNA to DNA molecule

D) They copy RNA from DNA molecule


4. Which of the following group of micro-organisms does not contain parasitic members?
A) Bacteria

B) Algae

C) Fungi

D) protozoa
5. Which of the following is NOT the correct characteristics of tropical rainforests?
A) Low biodiversity

B) High temperature

C) Heavy precipitation

D) trees of different heights


6.From evolutionary point of view, which of the following animals is expected to have haemoglobin proteins
that are least similar to that of human?
A) Ape

B) Cow

C) Chicken

D) Frog
7. For what purpose do molecular biologists use the technology known as polymerase chain reaction or PCR?
40
A) To insert DNA in to plasmids.

B) To insert plasmids in to bacteria.

C) To multiply copies of DNA molecule.

D) To produce DNA from RNA.


1. What is the long term primary effect of the current tree planting activities that Ethiopia is undertaking ?
A) It will protect from harmful solar rays.

B) It will increase the global temperature.

C)It will reduce the atmospheric CO .


2

D) It will mend the holes in the ozone layer.


2.Suppose when you first enter a room you notice an unpleasant smell which you eventually forget about its
presence, what is this behaviour called?
A) Latent learning

B) Insight learning

C) Habituation

D) Operant conditioning
3.Which of the following is an evolutionary requirement for two sub-populations of species to evolve in to
independent species?
A) Free exchange of genes

B) Geographic isolation

C) Free migration between populations

D) Absence of natural selection


4. What does a restriction enzyme do?
A) Restricts transcription

B) Cuts DNA at specific sites

C) Prevents DNA from replicating

D) Hydrolyses the DNA molecule


5. Which element is found in nucleic acids?
A) Calcium

B) Iron

C) Magnesium

D) phosphorus
6. From where do plants get most of their nutrients?
A) Chlorophyll 41
A) Soil

B) Light

C) Atmosphere
1. What do you call a group of genetically identical plants produced by vegetative reproduction?
A) Family

B) Clone

C) Hybrid

D) Genus
2. What is the base found in RNA in place of thymine of DNA ?
A) Cytosine

B) Guanine

C) Thymine

D) Uracil
3. The most complex structure of proteins is called
A) Primary structure

B) Secondary structure

C) Tertiary structure

D) Quaternary structure
4. Which one of the following is the smallest of all?
A) A red blood cell

B) A virus

C) A bacterium

D) An amoeba
5. What is the ultimate source of all scientific knowledge?
A) Observation

B) Guessing

C) Trial and error

D) Observation and experimentation


6. The optimum temperature of enzymes found in thermophilic bacteria is:
A) Lower than for enzymes in the human body.

B) Higher than for enzymes in the human body.


C) The same as enzymes found in human body.
42
D) Lower than enzymes found in warm blooded animals.
1.A cow was found to yield much higher than any of the breeds of the parental cattle. What could be the
most probable reason for this ?
A) Dominant genes

B) Hybrid vigour

C) Recessive genes

D) Co-dominance genes
2. In the formation of a macromolecule, what type of reaction would join two subunits together?
A) Hydrolysis reaction

B) Dehydration reaction

C) Denturaiton reaction

D) Hydrophobic reaction
3. Which are the four most abundant elements in living cells?
A) Carbon, oxygen, sulphur, phosphorus.

B) Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen.

C) Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur.

D) Carbon, oxygen, sulphur, magnesium


4.When the F1 hybrid of a monohybrid cross is back crossed with the homozygous recessive parent, what
percentage of the offspring would be homozygous recessive?
A) 0 %

B) 25 %

C) 50 %

D) 75 %
5. which of the following is an inorganic molecule?

A)CaCo 3

B)CH 4

C)C6H22O11

D) C18H36O2

6. Which of
the
following
expression
is more
related to 43
the phase
"survival
of the
fittest"?
1. To which group of organic compounds do the triglycerides and waxes belong?
A) Carbohydrate

B) Proteins

C) Lipids

D) Vitamins
2. What did Francesco Redi prove through his scientific experiment?
A) Maggots appear spontaneously on foods placed anywhere.

B) Maggots do not appear in foods kept in jars that are protected with a cover.

C) Maggots do not appear in foods kept in open jars

D) flies appear spontaneously on rotting meat kept in closed or open jars alike.
3. Which one of the following shows the feeding methods of decomposers?
A) Saprobiotic nutrition

B) Autotrophic nutrition

C) Parasitic nutrition

D) Intracellular digestion
4. What happens when the carrying capacity of an ecosystem is reached?
A) Excretory product accumulates and population numbers increase.

B) Population numbers decline rapidly.

C) Population numbers remain more or less constant.

D) Resources are plentiful and populations shoot up


5. In which industrial products is pyruvate fermentation by yeast practically applied?
A) Brewing beer

B) Swiss cheese making

C) Production of vinegar

D) Yoghurt making
6.If a substance that weighs 2000 grams and has a half-life of 100 years is left with only 250 grams, for how
long has the radioactive decaying activity been undergoing?
A) 200 years

B) 250 years

C) 300 years

D) 500 years
7. What does an ethnologist study?
A) Insect diets
44
A) Soil types

B) Fossil fuel

C) Animal behavior
1. Which one of the following is a biotic factor operating within an ecosystem?
A) The amount of helium gas in the air

B) The rate of flow of water in a river

C) The carnivores that consume other animals

D) The type of climate in a given region


2.When athletes take part in short distance running, how do the cells generate most of the energy that is
quickly needed?
A) Aerobic respiration in muscle cells

B) Mitochondrial respiration in any cells

C) Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells

D) Yeast fermentation in the stomach.


3.What do you call the reasoning technique in science where general principle are used to analyse specific
cases?
A) Induction

B) Deduction

C) Pseudo-deduction

D) Pseudo-induction
4.If the rate of an enzyme catalysed reaction remains constant even when more substrate is added to the
reaction, which of the following might be the reason?
A) Saturation of the enzyme

B) Inactivation of the enzyme

C) Inhibition of enzyme-substrate complex formation

D) Loss of substrate specificity by the enzyme


5. Which of the following will primarily happen if the enzymes in the lysosomes of a cell are defective?
A) Cellular debris will not be removed

B) Chromosome replication will cease

C) ATP production will stop

D) Diffusion process will stop


6. Which of the following is true about all proteins?
A) They are twenty amino acids long

45
A) They are globular in shape

B) They perform the same function

C) The monomers are held together by peptide bonds


1.Which of the properties of water allows mosquito larvae to hung themselves dawn in to the water from the
water surface?
A) Its high specific heat capacity

B) Its high latent heat of vaporization

C) Its high surface tension

D) Its low density in solid state


2.Which of the following properties of enzymes makes it possible that a single enzyme molecule can act on
many substrate molecules?
A) Enzymes are proteins

B) Enzymes lower the energy of activation

C) Enzymes are reused over and over again

D) Enzymes are substrate specific


3. The T-lymphocyte cells of AIDS patients are destroyed by:
A) Multiplication of HIV inside the cell

B) Infection of opportunistic organisms

C) The immune system of the host organism itself

D)The CD 4 receptors on the cell surface

4.Which stage in the life cycle of HIV is disrupted if AIDs patients are treated with a drug that has protease
in habiting activity?
A) Entry of the virus in to the host

B) Conversion of viral RNA to DNA.

C) Integration of viral DNA into host DNA.

D) Assembly of viral parts in to whole virus


5.Of the following four cells whose surface area to volume ratio is given which cell can more efficiently
transport its needs of materials across the cell surface?
A) 24:8 ratio

B) 54:27 ratio

C) 96:64 ratio

D) 150:125 ratio
6. Cells immediately use the energy that electrons lose as they pass along the chain of electron carriers
to:
46
A) Produce ATP
A) Pump protons

B) Spain the rotor of ATP synthase

C) reduce NAD
1. Which of the following is a routine method used by clinics to test people for HIV infection?
A) Microscopic examination for the virus

B) Counting the number of white blood cells

C) Testing for human anti-HIV antibody

D) Measuring the amount of haemoglobin


2. Which of the following is NOT true about the nature of the first form of organisms on earth? They were
A) Prokaryotic

B) Unicellular

C) aerobic

D) anaerobic
3.Suppose a fossil initially contains 100,000 atoms of a certain radioactive element whose half-life is 10,000
years, after how many years would the number of the atoms be 12500?
A) Ten thousand years

B) Twenty thousand years

C) Thirty thousand years

D) Forty thousand years


4.The following are Simpson's Index of species diversity calculated for four areas containing the same types
of species. Which index value is from the area dominated relatively by a fewer number of species?
A) 8.00

B) 6.00

C) 3.5

D) 2.5
5. which of the following happens in both cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
A) ATP is formed

B) Oxygen is generated

C) NADP is reduced

D) water molecule splits


6.Which of the following is NOT a true characteristic of the populations of most of the developing countries
of the world?
A) High fertility rate

47
A) Increasing population size

B) More number of old people than young people

C) Birth rate grater than mortality rate


1. Which of the following come first in the course of organic evolution?
A) Photosynthetic organisms

B) Free oxygen in the atmosphere

C) Land plants

D) Multicellular organisms
2. Choose the step that comes at the last step in the scientific method.
A) Proposing the research hypothesis

B) Formulation of a scientific theory

C) Conducting experiments

D) Making predictions

3. Which of the following is NOT true abut C plants such as tef (Eragrostistef)
4

A)CO is harvested during the night time.


2

B) The bundle sheath cells contain chloroplasts.

C) Light -dependent reaction occurs in mesophyll cell.

D) Chloroplasts of bundle sheath cells lack thylakoids.


4. What is the reason that plants do not use nitrogen directly from the atmosphere?
A) Nitrogen concentration is low in the atmosphere.

B) The molecular size of nitrogen is too large to pass through the stomata.

C) Nitrogen can enter plants only through the root hairs.

D) Plants lack the necessary process to use elementary nitrogen.


5. What does the fermentation of glucose by yeast normally yield?

A)Lactic acid, CO , and 2 ATP


2

B)CO , H O, and 36 ATP


2 2

C)Alcohol , CO 2 , and 2 ATP

D)Alcohol , CO 2 , and 36 ATP

6. Which hormone promotes human sleepfulness in darkness and controls the sleep-wake cycle?
A) Insulin

B) Adrenaline 48

C) Melatonin
D) Thyroxin
1. Which two nitrogenous bases belong to the purines?
A) Adenine and thymine

B) Adenine and guanine

C) Guanine and cytosine

D) Thymine and uraci


2. Which of the following is true ?
A) Recessive alleles are only expressed in the homozygote.

B) Dominant alleles are expressed only in the heterozygote.

C) Recessive alleles are expressed in the heterozygote.

D) Genetically modified organisms are never used to manufacture vaccines


3. Which of the following is a functional group of a fatty acid?
A) A ketone group

B) An aldehyde group

C) An amino group

D) A carboxyl group
4. Which one of the following is an example of an orientational innate behaviour?
A) Kinases in woodlice

B) Blinking of the eyes

C) Sudden withdrawal of limbs from hot object

D) Nest building by weaver birds


5. One of the following is true about bacteriophages that have lysogenic life cycle.
A) They are RNA viruses

B) They integrate their nucleic acid in to that of the host

C) They multiply in the host immediately after infection

D) Progeny viruses are released by chronic release method


6.In Pavlov's experiment on the classical conditioning of doges ,what does the reaction of the dogs to the
sound of the bell represent?
A) The conditioned stimulus

B) The conditioned response

C) The unconditioned stimulus

D) The unconditioned response

49
1. What is the purpose of the in folding of the inner -membrane of the mitochondrion?
A) Increasing the photosynthetic capacity of the cell.

B)Speeding up the loss of CO 2 during fermentation.

C) Speeding up the process of glycolysis

D) Increasing the surface area for ATP production


2. Which of the following is a worthwhile biological problem for scientific investigation ?
A) Estimation of the amount of carbon in a forest ecosystem

B) How a crying dog can tell who among elders of the village is going to die next.

C) How witchcrafts inflict bad health by cursing a healthy person

D) How the traditional medicine men/women cure a possessed person


3. Which of the following biomass of the earth has the greatest diversity of species?
A) Deciduous forest

B) Tropical rain forest

C) Desert

D) Tundra

Answer Key
1.D 11.C 21.C 31.D 41.D 51.D 61.C 71.C 81.C 91.C
2.A 12.B 22.A 32.C 42.C 52.B 62.B 72.A 82.C 92.B
3.C 13.C 23.A 33.A 43.C 53.C 63.A 73.D 83.D 93.A
4.C 14.B 24.A 34.A 44.C 54.C 64.C 74.C 84.A 94.D
5.A 15.B 25.C 35.A 45.B 55.B 65.A 75.C 85.C 95.A
6.D 16.D 26.C 36.D 46.B 56.B 66.C 76.C 86.B 96.B
7.C 17.D 27.D 37.A 47.D 57.B 67.D 77.D 87.B 97.B
8.C 18.B 28.B 38.C 48.B 58.C 68.C 78.D 88.A 98.D
9.B 19.A 29.B 39.B 49.B 59.A 69.C 79.B 89.C 99.D
10.B 20.A 30.D 40.A 50.D 60.A 70.B 80.C 90.C 100.B

PART FOUR
1.Which of the following food types would most likely give a negative result upon addition of iodine
solution?
A) Bread

B) Butter

C) Biscuit

50
D) Potato
1. Which process produced mRNA during protein synthesis?
A) Translation

B) Replication

C) Mutation

D) Transcription
2. What is the molecule in plant cells that first captures the radiant energy from the sun light?
A) ATP

B) DNA

C) Chlorophyll

D) Carbon dioxide
3. Of the following functions, which one do triglycerides accomplish in cells?
A) Increase density of tissues and cells

B) Increase thermal insulation of cells

C) Yield limited amount of ATP for cells

D) Facilitate entry of excess water in to cells


4. Which of the following laboratory glassware is used for culturing bacteria?
A) Petri-dish

B) Test tube

C) Filter paper

D) Measuring cylinder
5.of the following, which one is the main source form which plants get the nutrients necessary for their growth
and development?
A) Light

B) Chlorophyll

C) Atmosphere

D) Soil
6. Which of the following is the correct sequence of the steps in scientific research?
A) Hypothesis formulation----> Conclusion---->experiment---->question

B) question----> Hypothesis formulation---->experiment---->Conclusion

C) Hypothesis formulation---->question ---->experiment---->Conclusion

D) question---->Hypothesis formulation ---->Conclusion---->experiment

51
1. Which of the following types of cancer is known to mostly develop in AIDS patients?
A) Cervical cancer

B) Stomach cancer

C) Kaposi's sarcoma

D) Breast cancer
2. How many fatty acids would a cell need to form a molecule of triglyceride
A) Two

B) Four

C) Five

D) Three
3. Which part of the human elementary canal contains digestive enzymes that function at acidic pH?
A) Stomach

B) Mouth

C) Esophagus

D) Small intestine
4. Which of the following is the correct constitution of the sex chromosome of a normal woman?
A) XY

B) XX

C) XO

D) XXY

5. From which of the following does the O 2 released during the process of photosynthesis originate?
A) Pyruvic acid

B)CO 2

C) Sugar

D) Water
6.What is the best term that expresses the movement of substances in cells against their concentration
gradient?
A) Active transport

B) Passive transport

C) Osmosis

D) Water
7. In cell division, what is the phase that comes following the metaphase called?
A) Extraphase 52
A) Prophase

B) Anaphase

C) Telophase
1.Who was the person that first observed living cells moving around when he examined drops of water under
the microscope?
A) Robert Brown

B) Robert Hook

C) Anton van leeuwenhoek

D) Theodor schwann
2. Which of the following is true about gene mutation?
A) Altering the DNA sequence of a gene

B) Change in the position of a block of genes

C) Addition of genes to a chromosome

D) Loss of genes from a chromosome


3. What is the circumstance that causes the health condition known as sickl-cell anaemia?
A) DNA denaturation

B) Haemoglobin mutation

C) RNA mutation and decay

D) Phosphate mutagenesis
4.Based on similarity in number of amino acids found in haemoglobin, which one of the following animals
has closer phylogenetic relations to human beings?
A) Chicken

B) Horse

C) Frog

D) Gibbon
5. In which of the following groups of living organisms do the cells lack organized nuclei?
A) Fungi

B) Protozoa

C) Bacteria

D) Algae
6.Which one of the following terms refers to the failure of sister chromatids to separate from one another
during anaphase?
A) Non-disjunction

53
A) Replication

B) Deletion

C) Double inversion
1.If two species are known to belong to the same order ,they must also belong to the same which taxonomic
categories?
A) Class

B) Family

C) Species

D) Genus
2. What happens in first reaction of the Krebs cycle during energy transformation?
A) A 2-C compound is produced.

B) A 6-C compound is produced.

C) A 4-C compound is produced.

D) A 5-C compound is produced.


3.What do you call structure that have the same evolutionary origin even though they may now have
different structural make-ups or functions?
A) Endemic

B) Analogous

C) Homologous

D) Indigenous
4. For what purpose do biologists use the GPS receiver?
A) To produce area maps

B) To measure tree height

C) To estimate tree ages

D) To count tree rings


5.Which of the following organisms usually forms the pioneer community in the primary biological
succession?
A) Annual herbs

B) Lichens

C) Trees

D) Ferns
6.In an experiment designed to study the effect of temperature on the rate of seed germination ,which of the
following should the experiment vary?
A) Seed number
54
A) Water quality

B) Temperature

C) Seed size
1. In the carbon cycle, which of the following processes removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
A) Respiration

B) Decomposition

C) Combustion

D) Photosynthesis
2.Which of the the following sequences represents the correct change in number of chromosomes during
fertilization?
A) n+n 2n

B) 2n --> 2n

C) n --> n

D) 2n---->n+n
3."Rats can be produced by keeping rags and grains at a corner of a room". Which of the following thinking
supports this statement?
A) Darwinian evolution

B) Spontaneous generation

C) Alternation of generation

D) Sexual reproduction
4.What is the specific name of biological scientists who do research that tries to find evidence of life on other
planets in the solar system?
A) Neurobiologists

B) Paleontologists

C) Astrobiologists

D) Biogeographers
5.Which of the following industries can reduce more CO 2 emission by shifting to the use of enzyme in the
manufacturing process?
A) Bread making

B) Cheese making

C) Leather making

D) Manufacturing cosmetics
6. Which of the following is made of globular proteins?
A) Enzyme
55
A) Keratin

B) Collagen

C) Glycogen
1. Which of the following events happened before all the others?
A) The cell theory was proposed .

B) The protozoa were discovered

C) The compound microscope was invented .

D) The structure of DNA was discovered.

2. Under what conditions do C 4 plants have more photosynthetic efficiency than C3 plants?
A) Low water supply

B) Low temperature

C) Low light intensity

D)Low co 2 concentration

3. Which of the following is NOT a universal property of all living things?


A) Heritable characters

B) Reproduction

C) Photosynthesis

D) Growth and development


4.In which area of enzyme application is invertase injected to sucrose paste in order to produce liquid
chocolates?
A) Detergent making industry

B) pulp and paper industry

C) Pharmaceutical industry

D) Food processing industry


5. Which of the following function best at higher optimum pH than all the rest?
A) Pepsin

B) Salivary amylase

C) Trypsin

D) Enzymes in the stomach


6. Which class of enzymes joins to molecule together by formation of new bonds?
A) Ligase

B) Isomerase
56
A) Lyase

B) Hydrolase
1. Which of the following has a bigger size than all the other?
A) A ribosome taken from animal cell

B) A mitochondrion take from plant cell

C) A nerve cell taken from a human brain

D) A glucose molecule taken from a plant cell


2. How does a simple microscope differ from a compound microscope?
A) A simple microscope has no lens.

B) A simple microscope has got two lenses

C) A simple microscope uses mirror as lens.

D) A simple microscope has only one lens.


3. Which of the following molecules can serve as a raw material for industries that produce glucose?
A) Nucleic acids

B) Proteins

C) Lipids

D) Starch
4.In enzymes that contain non-protein organic molecules, in addition to the protein component, what is the
protein component called?
A) Apoenzyme

B) Coenzyme

C) Holoenzyme

D) Cofactor
5.Which of the following should be done in order to remove an enzyme inhibition caused by a competitive
inhibitor?
A) Remove affected enzyme molecule

B) Add more substrate to the enzyme

C) Remove the end product of the reaction

D) Add more inhibitor to the system


6. Which of the following parts of the plant cell is NOT a living component of the cell?
A) Cell membrane

B) Cell wall

C) Cytoplasm
57
D) Nucleus
1. What are the possible consequences of deforestation of the tropic rain forest?
A) An increase in existing ecological niches

B) Reduction in species diversity of an area

C)Increased removal of CO 2 from the atmosphere

D) An increase in the amount of nitrogen in the soil

2. Which of the following processes releases CO 2 in to the atmosphere?


A) Respiration

B) Assimilation

C) Feeding

D) Photosynthesis
3.If an area is dominated by just one species having very many individuals, what would be its index of
diversity?
A) Fluctuating

B) High

C) Low

D) Unpredictable
4. Which of the following is true about sex determination in birds?
A) They have heterozygotic ?X and Y chromosomes

B) Males have heterozygotic W and Z chromosomes

C) Females have the homozygotic WW chromosomes

D) They have the heterozygotic W and Z chromosomes


5. How many amino acids are there in all known proteins?
A) About 10

B) About 35

C) About 20

D) About 46
6. Which of the following is the major mechanism by which AIDS is transmitted?
A) Mother to fetal transmission

B) Hetrosexual intercourse

C) Homoesxual intercourse

D) contaminated blood transfusion


58
1. What percentage of the F2 progeny of a monohybrid cross is expected to have the recessive phenotype? A) 100 %

B) 75 %

C) 25%

D) 50 %
2. Which of the following is NOT true about innate behaviours?
A) Can be improved by trial and error

B) Common to all members of the species

C) Present at birth or on hatching

D) Do not have to be learned


3. To which one the following classes of stimuli do pheromones belong?
A) Auditory

B) Smell

C) Visual

D) Touch
4.Which of the following types of microscope is most suitable for a detailed study of the surface structure of
an object ?
A) Filed microscope

B) Optical microscope

C) Scanning electron microscope

D) Dissecting microscope
5. According to the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane, what does the word 'mosaic' refer to?
A) The hydrophobic property of fatty acids

B) The bilayer nature of the membrane

C) The arrangement of the proteins

D) The movement of the phospholipids


6. Which of the following diseases is correctly matched with its causative agent?
A) Malaria - fungus

B) AIDS - virus

C) Ringworm - protozoa

D) Syphilis - worm
7.Which of the following organic compounds would release both nitrogen and sulphur to the ecosystem
when decomposed?

59
A) Polysaccharides

B) Sucrose

C) Proteins

D) Lipids
1. Among the vertebrate found In ethiopia, which class has the highest percentage of endemic species?
A) Amphibians

B) Reptiles

C) Birds

D) Mammals
2. Which of the following terms refers to the movement of individual out of a population?
A) Mortality

B) Immigration

C) Emigration

D) Natality
3. Which of the following crosses will produce progeny with phenotypic ratio of 3:1?

A)Crossing the F 1 to the dominant parent

B) Crossing two homozygote individuals

C)Crossing the F 1 to the recessive parent

D) Crossing two heterozygote individuals


4.Which of the following changes that happened during human evolution had the most contribution to the
evolutionary success of Homo sapience?
A) Proportionately big brain size to body mass

B) Big body parts and big overall body mass

C) Long legs, arms and more upright body posture

D) Fast running ability and overall physical strength


5.Woodlice are observed avoiding light and heat by quickly moving to moist and darker areas. Which
behavior of these animals helps them to detect differences in light intensity and move to the darker and moist
part of the habitat?
A) Instinctive learning

B) Negative phototaxis

C) Positive phototaxis

D) Insight learning

60
1.In Ethiopia animal diversity ,which group is presented by the highest number of orders, families, genera
and species
A) Birds

B) Amphibians

C) Fish

D) Mammals
2. Why mutations are important in evolution
A) They are related to the environment.

B) They contribute to new variation in organisms.

C) They are always beneficial to the organism

D) They become causes for species migrations


3. Which of the following processes involved in the water cycle is carried out by green plants?
A) Evaporation

B) Precipitation

C) Condensation

D) Transpiration
4.Deficiency of which of the following nutrients in human diet is likely to result in deficiency of some co-
enzyme like FAD?
A) Essential amino acids

B) Vitamins

C) Carbohydrate

D) Saturated fatty acids


5.If someone suddenly removes his/her hand from a very hot object, which of the following types of
behavior is manifested?
A) Reflex action

B) Imprinting

C) Learned behaviour

D) Sensitization
6.Which step in the HIV life cycle is disrupted by antiretroviral drug that competitively inhibits the reverse
transcriptase enzyme?
A) Entry into the host cell

B) Assembly of viral parts in to a virus

C) Formation of DNA from RNA

D) Integration of viral DNA into host DNA


61
1. During which of the following processes in cellular respiration are most of the ATPs formed?
A) Glycolysis

B) Chemiosmosis

C) Link reaction

D) Krebs cycle
2. Which of the following pairs are ANALOGOUS structures?
A) The human arm and the front leg of a mule

B) The front leg of a frog and the wing of a bat

C) The wing of a bird and the wing of a butterfly

D) They wing of a bat and the wing of bird


3. Which of the following involves trial and error learning ?
A) Operant conditioning

B) Habituation

C) Sensitization

D) Classical conditioning

4. Which of the following is the adaptation by C 4 plants that helps them to avoid photorespiration?
A) Harvesting of carbon dioxide at night

B) Using separate cells for light and dark reaction

C) Storing carbon dioxide in the vacuole

D) Keeping the stomata closed during the day


5. If a codon on a messenger RNA is UUU, what is the complementary anticodon on the transfer RNA?
A) UUU

B) GGG

C) CCC

D) AAA
6.If a clone is produced by transferring a nucleus of animal A to an enucleated egg of animal B and the egg is
then implanted in the uterus of animal C, which animal would the clone resemble most?
A) Animal C

B) Animal B

C) Animal A

D) Other animal
7. Which of the following classes of fatty acids is without carbon-carbon double bond?
A) Monosaturated fatty acids 62
A) Unsaturated fatty acids

B) Saturated fatty acids

C) Polyunsaturated fatty acids


1. Choose the one that had the LEAST contribution to human evolution?
A) Development of bipedalism

B) Adaptation to flight

C) Attaining opposable thumb

D) increasing brain size


2. In which biome are epiphytes typically present as a characteristics element ?
A) Tropical montane forests

B) Cold desert woodlands

C) The Tundra environment

D) Boreal deciduous forests


3.If it is known that the total amount of DNA in a cell is 300 units and that adenine contributes 70 of these
units, how many units go to cytosine?
A) 40 units

B) 70 units

C) 80 units

D) 35 units
4. What is the substance that helps to keep the biological membrane in a fluid state?
A) Waxes

B) Water

C) Cholesterol

D) Phospholipids
5. which of the following substance is NOT formed when yeasts ferment glucose?
A) Alcohol

B) ATP

C) Lactic acid

D) Carbon dioxide
6. Which phosphate bond of the ATP is broken when the energy it contain is needed for cellular activity?
A) The first bond

B) The C- C bond

63
A) The second bound

B)The third bond


1.What is the advantage that a photosystem containing molecules of different types of light sensitive
pigments have?
A) To absorb light of different wavelengths

B) To increase the size of photosystem

C) To increase the complexity of the photosystem

D) To increase the surface area for the light absoption


2. How many years have passed since Darwin's book on the theory of evolution was published?
A) About 50 years

B) About 160 years

C) About 120 years

D) About 100 years


3.Which of the following can be understood about living things from the study of how breeders improve
domesticated plants and animals?
A) Living things tend to over-reproduce

B) Natural resources are of limited supply

C) Living things can be improved through selection

D) Individuals compete for resources


4.Which of the following is responsible for the bending of a young plant towards a unidirectional source of
light?
A) Reduced photosynthesis on dark side

B) Faster growth rate on the dark side

C) Reduced auxin concentration on dark side

D) Increased rate of cell division on the light side


5. In what way would AIDS patients benefit from the treatment with anti-retroviral drugs?
A) Reduction of HIV replication

B) Provision of cure for AIDS

C) Immunizing against HIV

D) Killing of opportunistic infections agents


6.If a country has a large number of young people relative to the number of old people, to which category of
countries does it belong?
A) Industrial

B) Hunter - gatherer
64
A) Post - industrial

B) Developing
1. Which of the following is the best collective name for all bacteria with spherical shape?
A) Spirochaetes

B) Bacilli

C) Cocci

D) Streptococci
2.Suppose two heterozygous round yellow (RrYy x RrYy) pea plants wear crossed and 128 seeds were
produced, how many of the seeds are expected to be heterozygous around yellow?
A) 64 seeds

B) 32 seeds

C) 96 seeds

D) 128 seeds
3. Which of the following way is an important way by which green plants mitigate the green house
effect?
A) Use of fire wood to replace coal

B)Remove CO 2 from the atmosphere

C) Releasing water to the atmosphere

D) Releasing oxygen to the atmosphere


4.What causes tomato fruits to ripen much more slowly when kept in a refrigerator than if left on a table at
room temperature?
A) Low temperature slows the normal action of ripening enzymes.

B) Enzymes produced by bacteria normally inhibit ripening.

C) Humidity accelerates enzyme activity and ripening process.

D) Normal temperature arrests the action of ripening enzymes.


5. Which characteristics of RNA makes it suitable for moving out of the nucleus?
A) Inability to replicate

B) Absence of thymine

C) Its unstable nature

D) Smallness of its size


6. Why does sucrose give a negative result when mixed and heated with Benedict's solution?
A) Because it is not a sugar molecule.

B) Because it is a reducing sugar.


65
C) Because it is a non-reducing sugar.
D) Because it is not a monosaccharide.
1. What does an evolutionary selective pressure that acts around the mean do?
A) It stabilizes

B) It terminates

C) It converges

D) It disrupts
2. Which of the following is consistent with science?
A) Proof by investigation of the causes of a phenomenon

B) Proof by reference to a respected leader

C) Proof by reference to an unknown object

D) Proof based on lessons from a person one believe


3.In his theory of evolution, the cause of which of the following concepts was MISSING in Darwin's
explanation
A) Ove-reproduction

B) Struggle for survival

C) Hereditary variation

D) Survival of the fittest


4. which of the following is a learned behaviour?
A) Suckling of the newborn at mothers breasts

B) Salivation by conditioned dogs at the sound


of a bell

C) Withdrawal of hands suddenly from hot


objects

D) Blinking the eyes when something gets into


them
5. Which of the following diseases is transmitted
by mosquitoes?
A) Diabetes mellitus

B) Kaposi's cancer

C) Rabies

D) Malaria
6. In which of the following are all the tools
mainly used in the laboratory rather than in the
field situation?
A) Centrifuge, microscopes, measuring
cylinder, petri dishes
66
B) Flow meters ,centrifuge, theodolites,
microscopes

C) Centrifuges, plant presses, flow meters,


1. Which aspect of biotechnology is considered strictly genetic engineering?
A) Providing gene therapy

B) Production of new types of plants

C) Monoculture antibodies

D) Mapping of the human genome

Answer Key
1.B 11.B 21.A 31.B 41.D 51.C 61.A 71.B 81.D 91.A
2.D 12.D 22.B 32.A 42.A 52.A 62.A 72.B 82.A 92.D
3.C 13.A 23.C 33.C 43.B 53.B 63.A 73.D 83.B 93.C
4.B 14.C 24.A 34.C 44.B 54.C 64.B 74.C 84.C 94.A
5.A 15.C 25.B 35.C 45.B 55.C 65.D 75.C 85.B 95.A
6.D 16.A 26.C 36.D 46.A 56.B 66.B 76.B 86.A 96.C
7.B 17.B 27.D 37.C 47.C 57.C 67.A 77.A 87.D 97.B
8.C 18.D 28.A 38.A 48.D 58.A 68.C 78.C 88.C 98.D
9.D 19.C 29.B 39.C 49.C 59.C 69.B 79.D 89.B 99.A
10.A 20.A 30.C 40.D 50.C 60.D 70.C 80.C 90.B 100.B

PART FIVE
1. The word science comes from the Latin word 'Scientia' meaning what ?
A) Study

B) Experiment

C) Life

D) Knowledge
2. Which of the following substance can be used over and over again in an enzyme catalyzed reaction?
A) Enzyme -substrate complex

B) Substrate

C) Enzyme

D) Reaction product
3. What is the intermediate compound that is formed during an enzyme catalyzed reaction?
A) Reaction

B) Substrate

C) Product

D) Enzyme-substance complex
67
1. Which of the following microorganisms are prokaryotic?
A) Bacteria

B) Protozoa

C) Yeast

D) Algae
2. Which of the following laboratory tools is LEAST accurate to measure 1 ml of liquid?
A) Pipette

C) Burett

B) Measuring cylinder

D) Beaker
3. From which of the following diseases can one be protected by sleeping under the cover of a mosquito net?
A) Sleeping sickness

B) AIDS

C) Malaria

D) Athlete's foot
4.Which of the following parts of the flower did Mendel remove from young flowers to prevent self-
population ?
A) Stamens

B) Sepals

C) Petals

D) Ovaries
5. What do we call the place where organisms live in their ecosystem ?
A) Abiotic

B) Biotic

C) Habitat

D) Niche
6. Which of the following is the sex chromosome constitution of human males?
A) XX

B) XY

C) ZZ

D) ZW
7. Which of the following plants use CAM photosynthesis?
A) Sugarcane
68
A) Sorghum

B) Maize

C) Cactus
1. Which of the following bases is NOT found in RNA?
a) Adenine

A) Guanine

B) Cytosine

C) Thymine
1. In a report of the scientific experiment description of which of the following comes before all the others?
A) Procedure

B) Results

C) Hypothesis

D) Conclusion
2. Which one of the following is different from the other three?
A) Starch

B) Glycogen

C) Cellulose

D) Maltose
3. What happens when a plant cell absorbs in more water?
A) It shrinks

B) It becomes turgid

C) It becomes wilted

D) It swells and bursts


4. Which level of protein structural organization involves two or more polypeptide?
A) Primary structure

B) Secondary structure

C) Tertiary structure

D) Quaternary structure
5. Which of the following do biologists consider ancestral to the higher organisms of today?
A) Plantae

B) Animalia

C) Fungi
69
D) Protista
1. Which type of fatty acids is healthier when used as a human food source?
A) Saturated fatty acids

B) Mono unsaturated fatty acids

C) Polyunsaturated fatty acid

D) Fatty acids in animal products


2. Which of the following is NOT recycled in the ecosystem?
A) Sulphur

B) Energy

C) Carbon

D) Phosphorus
3. What kind of cross is performed to determine whether the parent was homozygous or heterozygous ?
A) Mono hybrid cross

B) Di-hybrid cross

C) Back cross

D) Double cross
4. Which type of animal behavior happens with out learning?
A) Innate

B) Latent

C) Insight

D) Conditioned
5.Which drop of iodine solution is added to a solution of a foodstuff and the foodstuff turns dark blue what
dose the foodstuff contain
A) Reducing sugar

B) Disaccharide

C) Glucose

D) Starch
6. Which of the following has the highest risk of HIV transmission?
A) Hand shaking

B) Needle sharing

C) Towel Sharing

D) Toilet Sharing

70
1. Which of the following elements is the most abundant in living things?
A) Nitrogen

B) Carbon

C) Hydrogen

D) Oxygen
2. Which of the following organelles is common to both plant and animal cells?
A) Cell wall

B) Chloroplast

C) Mitochondria

D) Central vaculie
3. Among the following organic molecules, identify the one that dose not contain nitrogen.
A) Starch

B) Protein

C) DNA

D) RNA
4. If a cell fails to form lysosomes, which of the following cellular functions will get disturbed first?
A) Protein synthesis

B) Chromosome replication

C) Removal of cellular debris

D) Transport across cell membrane


5. Most co-enzymes are the derivatives of which of the following enzymes would one use?
A) Proteins

B) Vitamins

C) Carbohydrates

D) Fats
6. To produce from starch, which of the following enzymes would one use?
A) Isomerases

B) Lyases

C) Hydrolases

D) Ligases
7. Which class of enzyme inhibitors has similar shape as that of the normal substrate?
A) Allosteric

71
A) Competive

B) Denaturing

C) Irreversible
1.Fore a substance to easily pass arose the cell membrane by simple diffusion which of the following
properties should it possess?
A) Large size

B) Ability to dissolve in lipid

C) Positive charge

D) Negative charge
2. Among the following factors that affect enzyme activity, which one dose NOT cause enzyme
denaturation?
A) High pH

B) Low pH

C) High temperature

D) Competitive inhibitor
3. Which of the following is a type of ecological succession that starts from a cleared forest area?
A) Hydrosere

B) Primary

C) Secondary

D) Pioneer
4. Which of the following stage of photosynthesis can take place in the dark?
A) Photolysis of water

B) Photosystem I

C) Photosystem II

D) Calvin cycle
5. Which of the following is the major role-played by bacteria and fungi in the ecosystem?
A) Causing diseases

B) Nutrient recycling

C) Fixing carbon dioxide

D) Producing antibiotice
6.If a heterozygous tall pea plant (Tt) is crossed with a short pea plant(tt) ,what percentage of the progeny is
expected to be short?
A) 100%

B) 75% 72
C) 50%

D) 25%
1. Which of the following human cell types is attacked by HIV?
A) Red blood cells

B) White

C) T- lymphocytes

D) Leukocytes
2.Which of the following processes is most important to release nutrients from dead organic matter in to the
soil?
A) Fixation

B) Decomposition

C) Excretion

D) Respiration
3. Which of the following biomes supports the highest diversity of plant and animal life?
A) Tropical rain forest

B) Deciduous forest

C) Grassland

D) African savannah
4. Which of the following demographic factors can increase the size of the world population?
A) Natality

B) Migration

C) Emigration

D) Immigration
5.When Mendel crossed a tall pea plant with a short plant the F
1 progeny were all tall what F1 did he obtain when he made
the reciprocal cross?
A) Short plants

B) Tall plants

C) Extra-tall plants

D) Plants of average height


6.Among the following ABO blood group genotype, which one produces two types which one produces two
types of antigens?
A) IAIO

B) IBIO

73
A) IAIB

B) IBIB
1. Which of the following methods do animal breeders use to produce domestic animals with hybrid vigor?
A) Feeding with natritive food

B) Mating together related animals

C) Giving proper veterinary care

D) Crossbreeding their animals


2. Which of the following groups are believed to be the first photosynthetic organisms to evolve on earth?
A) Green plants

B) Green algae

C) Blue green algae

D) Lichens
3. Which of the following factors brings about changes during both evolution and breeding of plants and
animals?
A) Limited resources

B) Production of excess progeny

C) Selection

D) Competition
4. Among the following which one is held most responsible for the present fast depletion of the world
biodiversity ?
A) Herbivores

B) Carnivores

C) Grazers

D) Humans
5. Which of the following reproductive isolating mechanisms keeps the horse and donkey as two independent
species?
A) Hybrid inviability

B) Hybrid infertility

C) Ecological isolation

D) Habitat isolation
6. Which of the following activities of an organism do we call a behavior ?
A) Reception of external stimulus

B) Responding of internal stimulus

74
A) Responding of stimulus

B) Lack of receptors to receive stimulus


1. A reflex that involves internal organs such as the heart is referred to as:
A) Somatic reflex

B) External reflex

C) Spinal reflex

D) Autonomic reflex
2.At which of the following generation of crosses between dominant and recessive homozygote parents are
all the progeny heterozygote?

A)P 1 generation ?

B) F1 generation

C) F2 generation

D)F 3 generation

3. Which of the following organs serves as a coordinating system in a reflex action?


A) Spinal cord

B) Dehydrogenase

C) Nerve cells

D) Oxidoreductase
4. Which type of enzyme catalyzes the joining of two molecules by the formation of new bonds?
A) Decarboxylase

B) Dehydrogenase

C) Ligase

D) Oxidoreductase
5. Which of the following statement about enzyme is NOT correct?
A) Enzymes speed up on a chemical reaction

B) Enzymes are very specific in their reaction

C) The presence of an enzyme will change the outcome of a reaction

D) Enzymes lower the energy of activation for a reaction to occur


6. Glycolysis occurs in the
A) Cytoplasm

B) Mitochondrion

C) Nucleus 75
D) Chloroplast
1. Anaerobic metabolism refers to the generation of ATP:
A) Without the involvement of ADP

B) Without the use of glycogen

C) Without the use of oxygen

D) by the conversion of pyruvate to lactate


2. The conversion of one molecule of glucose to two molecule of pyruvate results in the net formation of:
A) Two molecule of ATP

B) Six molecules of water

C) Three molecules of ATP

D) Thirty -eight molecules of ATP


3. During alcohol fermentation pyruvic acid in the presence of pyruvate decarboxylase is first converted to .
A) Glucose

B) Lactose

C) Lactic acid

D) Acetaldehyde
4. The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called:
A) Organic mass

B) Energy mass

C) Trophic mass

D) Biomass
5. Biomes where trees predominant are called
A) Polar biomes

B) desert biomes

C) Trophic mass

D) Grassland biomes
6. The goals of biodiversity conservation include all of the following EXCEPT
A) Protecting individual species

B) Introducing exotic species in to new environments efforts

C) Preserving habitats and ecosystem

D) making sure local people benefit from conservation efforts


7. The maximum population growth rate characteristic of a species is called
76
A) limiting factor

B) biotic potential

C) carrying capacity

D) exponential growth pattern


1. from among the following choice the field which is a branch or a part of biotechnology.
A) parasitology

B) Immunology

C) Phycology

D) Genetic engineering
2. which of the following is publicly an UNDESIRED research activity
A) breeding a new crop variety

B) synthesis of a new vaccine

C) manufacture of a new effective medicine

D) breeding a new pathogeinc microoganism


3. which of the following alternatives contain ONLY organic molecule?
A) calcium carbonate, glucose, methane

B) carbon dioxide, sodium chloride, lysine

C) linoleic acid, glycine, methane

D) water, carbon dioxide, calcium carbonate


4. which test is suitable for checking the presence of lipids in foodstuffs ?
A) buiret test

B) bendect's test

C) emulsion test

D) lodine test
5. How do heavy metal ions reduce the reaction rate of enzymes?
A) by distroying the 3- dimensional shape of the enzymes active site

B) by raising the temperature above the optimum level for the enzyme

C) by dropping the PH well below the optimum level for the enzyme

D) by inducing mutation that disrupt the functioning of the enzyme


6. What happens when enzymes become denatured?
A) They can normally catalyzed the reductions

B) their active sites are changed


77
A) rate of the reaction increase

B) bonds holding amino acids are unaffected

1. What happens when human red blood cell are kept in a hypertonic solution ?
A) the same net gain and loss of water

B) more water gets into the cell than leaving it

C) more water goes out of the cell then getting in

D) the cell prevent water from getting in or leaving out


2. Among the following which one best describes the cell of bacteria?
A) Eukaryotic

B) Prokaryotic

C) Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic

D) Neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic


3. Which of the following nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids is a purine base?
A) Adenine

B) Cytosine

C) Thymine

D) Uracil
4. Which of the plants with the following genotype is hetrozygyous?
A) BBYY

B) BbYb

C) bbyy

D) YYBB
5. Which of the following groups of viruses copy their RNA to DNA?
A) Bacteriphages

B) DNA viruses

C) RNA viruses

D) Retroviruses
6. Which of the following can reverse an enzyme inhibition that is caused by an allosteric inhibitor?
A) Adding more substrate

B) Adding more end product

C) Depleting the end product

D) Depleting the substrate


78
1.During the Krebs cycle, to which of the following molecule is most of the energy released from food
transferred?
A) ATP

B) NAD

C) ADP

D) AMP
2.If in a DNA molecule consisting of 1000 base pairs, there are 300 adenine bases, how many guanine bases
will be present?
A) 200

B) 400

C) 600

D) 700
3. During which stage of aerobic respiration dose oxidative phosphorylatuion occur?
A) Glycolysis

B) Krebs cycle

C) Link reaction

D) Chemiosmosis
4. What mode of feeding do soil organisms that release nutrients from dead organic matter in to the soil
have?
A) Photoautotrophic

B) Saprophytic

C) Chemoautotrophic

D) Parasitic
5.When farmers are using fewer and fewer number of crop verities, what would happen to the genetic
diversity of our crop plants?
A) It would get eroded

B) It would be more conserved

C) It would be more diverse

D) Nothing would happen to it


6.During anaerobic respiration, what is the gross number of ATP molecules that are produced per glucose
molecule?
A) Two

B) Three

C) Four

D) Six 79
1. Among the following four processes, identify the one that probably evolved before all the other three.
A) Aerobic respiration

B) Anaerobic respiration

C) Oxidizing atmospher

D) Photosynthesis
2. Which of the following is NOT a learned behavior?
A) Imprinting

B) Habituation

C) Conditioning

D) Trial and error


3.If an actively growing seedling is kept horizontally, which of the following would eventually happen to the
seedling?
A) The shoot would bend upward

B) The root would bend upward

C) The seeding would stop growing

D) The seedling would grow horizontally


4.Which of the following was the most possible mode of evolution by which the many species of Darwin's
finches evolved on the Galapagos Islandeds?
A) Phyletic evolution

B) Divergent evolution

C) Convergent evolution

D) Sympatric evolution
5. For which of the following processes is ATP NOT required?
A) Diffusion of oxygen in to cells

B) Synthesis of molecules

C) Active transport of molecules from one site to another

D) Muscle contraction
6. Mutation may be described as:
A) Phenotypic change

B) Change in gene structure

C) Continuous variation

D) Change due to hybridization

80
1.Which of the following is the most UNLIKELY action that would be expected from Ethiopians who have
been given adequated biological literacy?
A) Engagement in activities resulting in biodiversity loss

B) Supporting activities concerned with food security

C) Awareness about climate change and its problem

D) Engagement in biological resources conservation


2. Which form of mutation is responsible for the diseases known as leukemia?
A) Duplication

B) Insertion

C) Inversion

D) Deletion
3. Which of the following characteristic can show the evolutionary relationships among organisms?
A) Structure having similar functions

B) Presence of analogous structures

C) Presence of homologous structures

D) Structure having different origins


4.Which of the following species isolating processes could lead to the evolution of a new species by the
mechanisms known as sympatric speciation?
A) A river that change its course for many years

B) A new mountain range that was created many years

C) population of a species having different breeding seasons

D) A land mass that separated two water bodies for many years
5. What is an apoenzyme?
A) A protein molecule

B) An active enzyme

C) A non- protein
molecule

D) A non- protein
cofactor
6. For which of the
following can
divergent evolution be
taken as an alternative
name?
A) Allopatric
speculation

B) Adaptive radiation 81

C) Stabilizing selection

D) A non- protein
1.Which one of the following is the result of the similarity observed between the wings of a bird and a
pterodactyl?
A) Convergent evolution

B) Directional selection

C) Stabilizing selection

D) Divergent evolution
2. Which of the following played an important role in the evolution of human being?
A) Emergency of wings in addition to limbs

B) Development of even toes in the forearms

C) Development of feathers and hallow bones

D) Development of opposable thumb to grasp


3.In which one of the following do we use genetically modified bacteria for purpose other than human
health?
A) Production of insulin

B) Production of antibiotics

C) Production of herbicides

D) Production of vaccines
4. which knowledge about cell biology scientists discover after all the others?
A) The first understanding that all living things are made of cells

B) Knowledge about how chromosomes behave during mitosis

C) First understanding about the double helix structure of DNA

D) First understanding about the DNA sequence in human genome


5.Which of the following statements can be considered as the better definition of the biological concept of
behavior?
A) The reaction of a person or an animal in response to an external or internal stimulus

B) The responses or reactions or movements that a living plant makes in any situation

C) A system of coordinated response by an organism to an external or internal stimulus

D) A receptor of some kind of stimulus that an organism has which produces a response
6.To which category of behavior does the human behavior that involves the strengthening of existing
responses or the formation of new responses to existing stimuli that occur because of practice or repetition
belong?
A) Learned behavior

B) Instinctive behavior

C) Innate behavior

82
D) Inborn behavior
1. Which of the following is NOT grouped under genetically pre-programmed pattern of behavior?
A) Reflex actions in humans

B) Orientation behavior

C) Conditioned behavior

D) Instinctive behaviors
2. Which group of bacteria reduces nitrate to nitrogen gas in th nitrogen cycle?
A) Nitrogen fixing bacteria

B) Ammonium ion forming

C) Denitrifying bacteria

D) photosynthetic bacteria
3. The main factors that determine the types of terrestrial biomes in a certain geographical area are:
A) Soil and vegetation

B) Soil and biological diversity

C) Complexity in ecological succession

D) Precipitation & temperature


4. In which parts of Ethiopian are Lions, Elephants, & Giraffes found more community?
A) In the afroalpine and subafroalpine zones

B) In the highland areas of northern Ethiopian

C) In the grasslands of southwestern Ethiopian

D) In central and northern parts of the rift valley

Answer Key
1.D 11.D 21.D 31.D 41.C 51.C 61.D 71.D 81.A 91.A
2.C 12.C 22.B 32.C 42.D 52.C 62.D 72.B 82.B 92.D
3.D 13.D 23.C 33.D 43.C 53.A 63.C 73.B 83.A 93.C
4.A 14.B 24.C 34.B 44.C 54.C 64.C 74.A 84.B 94.D
5.D 15.D 25.A 35.C 45.D 55.A 65.A 75.D 85.A 95.C
6.C 16.D 26.C 36.C 46.B 56.D 66.B 76.B 86.C 96.A
7.A 17.C 27.B 37.B 47.C 57.D 67.C 77.A 87.C 97.C
8.C 18.B 28.C 38.A 48.D 58.C 68.B 78.C 88.C 98.C
9.B 19.C 29.B 39.A 49.B 59.B 69.A 79.B 89.A 99.D
10.D 20.A 30.B 40.B 50.A 60.B 70.B 80.A 90.B 100.C

83
PART SIX
1. Which of the following tools is used by a biologist to study the internal anatomy of experimental animals?
A) Dissecting kit

B) Hand lens

C) Petri dish

D) Microscope
2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an enzyme?
A) It is a globular protein

B) It function as a catalyst

C) It lowers the energy of activation

D) It converted to products
3. Who was the first person who believed to have seen moving cells under a microscope?
A) Robert Hooke

B) Rene Dutrochet

C) Anton van Leeuwenhoek

D) Theodor Schwann
4. Why do micro-organisms decompose dead organic matters?
A) To release mineral nutrients for the plants

B) To clean up the ecosystem

C) To drive energy for their own uses

D) To keep the balance of atmospheric gases


5. The practice of modern agriculture that reduces crop biodiversity is:
A) Overgrazing

B) Forest clearing

C) growing land races

D) growing few high yielding varieties


6.Which one of the following is the best scientific approach to come to conclusive evidence showing that a
given event is caused by a certain factor?
84
A) Having a strong belief

B) Making a good guess

C) Making a good guess

D) Conducting an experiment
1. Of the following organic molecules which one includes a pentose sugar?
A) Glucose

B) Fructose

C) Galactose

D) Deoxyribose
2. What dose an enzyme do to a chemical reaction that allows it to proceed optimally?
A) It lower the required activation energy .

B) It increases the amount of the substrate.

C) It increases the required activation energy .

D) It modifies both th Ph and the temperature.


3. Which of the following is lacking in prokaryotic cells?
A) Cytosol

B) Ribosome

C) DNA strand

D) Cellulose
4.What is the name of a major group of eukaryotic organisms that obtain their nutrition using extracellular
digestion?
A) Viruses

B) Bacteria

C) Fungi

D) Algae
5. What kind of nutrition do most of the decomposers have in general?
A) Auto trophic nutrition

B) Saprobiotic nutrition

C) Endosymbiont nutrition

D) Chemosynthetic nurtition
6. To which genus of primates are the Neanderthal humans classified?
A) The genus Ardipithecus

85
A) The genus Australopithecus

B) The genus homo

C) The genus Zinjanthropus


1.In which of the following is there a MISMATCH between the type of innate behavior and the resulting
action/response?
A) Instinctive behavior- imprinting in birds

B) Reflex action- blinking of the eyes in humans

C) Instinctive behavior- Nest-building in birds

D) Presentational movement-weaving a web in spiders


2. Cells were first seen using the microscope by:
A) Schleiden

B) Robert Hooke

C) Schwann

D) Leeuwenhoek
3. The ultimate source of genetic variation is:
A) Mutation

B) Migration

C) Genetic drift

D) Selection
4. Which of the following is the first step in starting a research process?
A) Searching sources of information to locate problem.

B) Survey of related literature

C) Identification of problem

D) Searching for solution to the problem


5. For which of the following purpose is GLOBAL positioning system (GPS) used?
A) Map of an area

B) Theodolite

C) Microwave

D) Satellite signal
6.Which of the following statement is INCORRECT with respect to an enzymes ability to catalyze a
reaction?
A) An enzyme provide a reaction surface and a hydrophilic environment for the reaction to take
place .

86
Answer Key
1.D 11.D 21.D 31.D 41.C 51.C 61.D 71.D
2.C 12.C 22.B 32.C 42.D 52.C 62.D 72.B
3.D 13.D 23.C 33.D 43.C 53.A 63.C 73.B
4.A 14.B 24.C 34.B 44.C 54.C 64.C 74.A
5.D 15.D 25.A 35.C 45.D 55.A 65.A 75.D
6.C 16.D 26.C 36.C 46.B 56.D 66.B 76.B
7.A 17.C 27.B 37.B 47.C 57.D 67.C 77.A
8.C 18.B 28.C 38.A 48.D 58.C 68.B 78.C
9.B 19.C 29.B 39.A 49.B 59.B 69.A 79.B
10.D 20.A 30.B 40.B 50.A 60.B 70.B 80.A

87

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