Syllabus

 Mongo DB Data types, CRUD

operations: Mongo DB create
operations, Mongo DB read operation,
Mongo DB update operations, Mongo
DB delete operations, mongo DB bulk
write operations
 Mongo DB Data Types

 Datatypes are the types of data used to store

data in various formats that is understood by
the programming language, or, in our case, the
database.
 Normally,the data types can be represented by
string type, integer type, float type, etc. The
data types give the meaning to the data as well
as types of operations that can be performed
with these data types
 BSON Data Types

 TheBSON data types are just like the

JSON data types, but in the binary
format.
 That’swhy, they are called Binary JSON.
BSON is the binary format and can have
simple to complex data types, including
the namevalue pairs, such as
associative arrays
Data Types in MongoDB

Data Type Data Type Data Type Allias

Number
Double 1 "double"
String 2 "string"
Object 3 "object"
Array 4 "array"
Binary data 5 "binData"
ObjectId 7 "objectId"
Boolean 8 "bool"
Date 9 "date"
Null 10 "null"
Regular Expression 11 "regex"
JavaScript 13 "javascript"
Data Types in MongoDB

Data Type Data Type Data Type Allias

Number
JavaScript (with 15 "javascriptWithScope"
scope)
32-bit integer 16 "int"
Timestamp 17 "timestamp"
64-bit integer 18 "long"
Decimal128 19 "decimal"
Min key -1 "minKey"
Max key 127 "maxKey"
 Integer Data Types

 Integer data types are used to store numeric values.

 MongoDB supports 32- bit or 64-bit integers which depend
on the architecture of the machine on which MongoDB is
running. 64-bit integers are also called as long int and have
alias value as long and number value as 18 in the MongoDB
data types.
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({ "Data Type
Alias": "int", "Data Type Number": "16", "Data Type Value":
7777});
String Data types

 String data types are one of the most common data types
used in MongoDB. You might be aware that many of the
international languages use some special characters.
 In order to save these characters, the MongoDB drivers
convert these characters to UTF-8 format during the
serialization and de-serialization process, thus, making it
possible to store most of these international characters in
the BSON strings and validating the international
characters to be stored in the database.
String Data types

 Code 1
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({ "Data Type
Alias": "string", "Data Type Number": "2", "Data Type Value":
"BPB Publications – The Largest Online Resource for IT
Books“});
 Code 2
db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.find({"Data Type Alias":
"string"}).pretty();
Double Data Type

 Double data types are used to store the floating point values.
Floating point values have decimal points, which are somewhat
similar to integer values but they have decimal values with
them. For example, 777.27 or 12.10 are decimal type values
and they are called double types in MongoDB
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({"Data Type
Alias": "double", "Data Type Number": "1", "Data Type Value":
777.27});
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.find({"Data Type Alias":
"double"}).pretty();
Array Data Type

 The array data types are used to store the group of similar data
type values which are linked or associated in the form of key
and value.
 In our example, we have defined 2 arrays and then we will insert
these arrays as a value and the code for the same is as follows:
 var BPBBookStoresinIndia = ['New Delhi', 'Mumbai', 'Kolkata’,
'Chennai’];
 var BPBBookStoresinUSA = ['New York', 'Atlanta', 'Arizona’, 'New
Jersey'];
 Array Data Type

 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({ "Data
Type Alias": "array", "Data Type Number": "4","Data Type
Value 1": BPBBookStoresinIndia, "Data Type Value 2":
BPBBookStoresinUSA});
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.find({ "Data Type Alias":
"array"}).pretty();
Object Data Type

 The object data types are used to store the embedded

documents or the JSON data type which is a kind of JSON
object or document and are sometimes called embedded
documents
 var BPBBooksLatestEditions = [{ 'Title': 'Instant Approach to
Software Testing: Principles, Applications, Techniques, and
Practices’, 'Year': '2019', 'ISBN': '9789388511162’, 'Pages':
368, 'Weight': '677gm','Dimension': '24x18x2cm'} ];
 Binary Data Type

 The binary data types are used to store the values in binary form
such as Base64. Sometimes, there are scenarios where we store
some objects like images (in a binary form) in database.
 In our example, we have created a variable which contains a
binary data as follows:
 Code 1
 var BPBBooksBinaryData = BinData(1,
"SGVsbG8gV29ybGQgRnJvbSBCUEIgUHVibGljYXRpb25z");
 And then, we have inserted this binary data type in our
MongoDB collection and the code for the same is shown in the
following screenshot:
 Binary Data Type

 Code 2
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({ "Data Type Alias":
"binData", "Data Type Number": "5", "Data Type Value":
BPBBooksBinaryData});
 Object Id Data Types

 This is a special MongoDB specific data type which stores the

unique key ID. In MongoDB, every document in a collection has
unique ObjectId and every document has the _id field.
 Part name Size(bytes)
 Timestamp 4
 Machine Id 3
 Process Id 2
 Counter 3
Object Id Data Types

 Code 1
 var BPBBooksObjectId = ObjectId();
 And then, we have inserted this ObjectId data type in our
MongoDB
 collection and the code for the same is shown in the following
screenshot:
 Code 2
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({ "Data Type
Alias": "objectid", "Data Type Number": "7", "Data Type Value":
BPBBooksObjectId});
 Date data Types

 Date data type stores the date and time. These can be date or
date and time combined. There are various methods in
MongoDB to generate date and time, as shown in the following
table
Date Data Type Description
Date() This method returns the current
date in the
string format

New Date() This method returns a date object.

This method
uses the ISODate() wrapper.
 Date data Types

 Code 1
 var BPBBooksDate1 = Date();
 var BPBBooksDate2 = new Date();
 And then, we have inserted these date data type variables in our
MongoDB
 collection and the code for the same is shown in the following
screenshot:
 Code 2
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({ "Data Type Alias":
"date", "Data Type Number": "9", "Data Type Value 1":
BPBBooksDate1, "Date Type Value 2": BPBBooksDate2});
 Null Data Types

 Null data type stores the null values. Null are the data types
which has no type or value, so it is called as null. Sometimes,
there are scenarios where we have to store something which
exists but is yet to be defined and we are not sure what type
and value it would have. In this case, we use null.
 In our example, we have created a variable which contains a
null type value.
 Code 1
 var BPBBooksNull = null;
 And then, we have inserted this null data type variable in our
MongoDB
 collection and the code for the same is shown in the following
screenshot:
Null Data Types

 Code 2
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({"Data Type
Alias": "null", "Data Type Number": "10","Data Type Value":
BPBBooksNull});
 Code 3
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.find({"Data Type Alias":
"null"}).pretty();
Regular Expression Data
Types

 Regular expression data type stores the regular expression

values. Regular expression, or regex, is the sequence of
characters which defines the search patterns and is used for
find, replace, and validation operations.
 In our example, we have created a variable which contains a
regular expression value.
Code 1
 var BPBBooksRegEx = RegExp("%BPB");
 Regular Expression Data
Types

 Code 2
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({"Data Type Alias":
"regex", "Data Type Number": "11", "Data Type Value":
BPBBooksRegEx});
 Code 3
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.find({"Data Type Alias":
"regex"}).pretty();
 Java Script data types(without
scope)

 We can store JavaScript functions in MongoDB documents and use

these functions in our scenarios. In our example, we have created 2
variables where one contains a function definition and the other is a
scope variable, but it will be empty and thus, it will be without scope.
 Code 1
 var BPBBooksFunction = "function(){var bpb; bpb=100;}";
 var BPBBooksFunctionScope = {};
 Java Script data types(without
scope)

 Code 2
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({"Data Type Alias":
"javascript", "Data Type Number": "13", "Data Type Value Function":
BPBBooksFunction, "Data Type Value Function Scope":
BPBBooksFunctionScope});
 Java Script data types(with
scope)

 In our example, we have created two variables where one contains a

function definition and the other one is a scope variable, and now we
will define it.
 Code 1
 var BPBBooksFunction = "function(){var bpb; bpb=2000;}";
 var BPBBooksFunctionScope = ["object"];
 And then, we have inserted these variables in our MongoDB collection
and the code for the same is shown in the following screenshot
 Java Script data types(with
scope)

 Code 2
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({"Data Type Alias":
"javascriptWithScope", "Data Type Number": "15","Data Type Value
Function": BPBBooksFunction, "Data Type Value Function Scope":
BPBBooksFunctionScope});
 Timestamp Data Types

 Timestamp is the current time of event which is recorded by the

computer and it is accurate to milliseconds. We can store
timestamps in the MongoDB documents.
 In our example, we have created a variable which contains a
timestamp.
 Code 1
 var BPBBooksTimestamp = new Timestamp();
 And then, we have inserted this variable in our MongoDB
collection and the code for the same is shown in the following
screenshot:
Timestamp Data Types

 Code 2
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({"Data Type
Alias": "timestamp", "Data Type Number": "17", "Data Type
Value": BPBBooksTimestamp});
 Boolean data types

 Boolean data type stores the boolean data which is either true
or false.
 In our example, we have created two variables which contains a
"true value“ and a "false value" respectively.
 Code 1
 var BPBBooksBoolean1 = true;
 var BPBBooksBoolean2 = false
Boolean data types

 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollection.insert({"Data Type
Alias": "bool","Data Type Number": "8", "Data Type Value 1":
BPBBooksBoolean1,"Data Type Value 2": BPBBooksBoolean2});
Min and MAX Key

 In
MongoDB, the min and max keys
compare a value against the lowest
and the highest BSON elements.
 The min key compares the values
of the lowest BSON element,
whereas the max key compares the
values of the highest BSON element
 Decimal 128

 The Decimal128 data type has been introduced in the

MongoDB version 3.4.
 There are some scenarios where the double data
type has limited capacity to store the decimal values
which are either very large or very small, and if we
store the large decimal value, then the precision will
be lost.
 In this case, MongoDB provides the Decimal128 data
type so that we can store the decimal values with a
lot more precision
 Comparison and Sort Order

 Whilecomparing the values of different

BSON types, MongoDB uses the following
comparison order from the lowest to the
highest:
 MinKey
 Null
 Numbers (ints, longs, doubles)
 Symbol, String
 Object
Comparison and Sort Order

 Array
 BinData
 ObjectId
 Boolean
 Date
 Timestamp
 Regular expression
 MaxKey
Comparison and Sort Order

 Code 1
 var BPBBooksVar1 = 100000;
 var BPBBooksVar2 = "BPB Publications";
 var BPBBooksVar3 = 77.07;
 var BPBBooksVar4 = true;
 var BPBBooksVar5 = null;
 var BPBBooksVar6 = MinKey;
 var BPBBooksVar7 = MaxKey;
 Comparison and Sort Order

 Code 2
 db.BPBOnlineBooksDataTypesCollectionV2.insert([{ "Data Type
Alias": "int", "Data Type Value": BPBBooksVar1
 }, { "Data Type Alias": "string", "Data Type Value": BPBBooksVar2},
{ "Data Type Alias": "double", "Data Type Value": BPBBooksVar3},
{"Data Type Alias": "bool","Data Type Value": BPBBooksVar4},
{ "Data Type Alias": "null", "Data Type Value": BPBBooksVar5},
{ "Data Type Alias": "minKey", "Data Type Value": BPBBooksVar6},
{
 "Data Type Alias": "maxKey","Data Type Value": BPBBooksVar7}]);