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Lecture 5

psuc material muj

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14 views

Lecture 5

psuc material muj

Uploaded by

rishitgupta2019
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer languages

Operating System
OS is an integrated collection of programs which make the computer
operational and help in executing user programs.
 It acts as an interface between the man and machine.

 It manages the system resources like memory, processors, input-output


devices and files.
Windows, Linux, DOS
Computer Languages
• Machine Language- The only programming language available in earlier days
• Consists of only 0’s and 1’s; e.g.:- 10101011
• Symbolic language or Assembly language-
• symbols or mnemonics are used to represent instructions
• hardware specific
• e.g. ADD X,Y; Add the contents of y to x
• High-level languages- English like language using which the programmer can write
programs to solve a problem.
• more concerned with the problem specification
• not oriented towards the details of computer
• e.g.: C, C++, C#, Fortran, BASIC, Pascal etc.
Language Translator
• Compiler : Program that translates entire high level language program
into machine language at a time. e.g.:- C, C++ compilers.
• Interpreter : Program which translates one statement of a high level
language program into machine language at a time and executes it.
e.g.:- Basic Interpreters, Java Interpreters.
• Assembler : Program which translates an assembly language program
into machine language.
e.g.:- TASM(Turbo ASseMbler), MASM(Macro ASseMbler).
History of C
The C language was evolved by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Laboratories and
was originally implemented on a DEC PDP(Digital Equipment Corporation-
Programmed Data Processor)-11 computer in 1972.
C initially became widely known as the development language of the
UNIX operating system.
Today, virtually all new major operating systems are written in C and/or
C++.
C is available for most computers.
C is mostly hardware independent.
Typical C program development environment
Typical C program development environment
C programs typically go through six phases to be executed. These are:
edit, preprocess, compile, link, load and execute
 Phase 1 : creating a program
Phases 2 and 3: Preprocessing and Compiling a C Program
Phase 4: Linking
Phase 5: Loading
Phase 6: Execution

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