Updated - NATURE OF INQUIRY AND RESEARCH 1

NATURE OF INQUIRY
AND RESEARCH
WHAT IS RESEARCH?
ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD RESEARCH
- Middle French recerche, from recerchier, to

investigate thoroughly, from Old French ,
from re-cerchier to search.
- To search or investigate exhaustively
What is Research?
- It is the result of advancing knowledge created
in the past
- A creative work undertaken on a systematic

basis in order to increase the stock of
knowledge, including knowledge of humans,
culture and society , and the use of this stock
knowledge to devise new applications
- A systematic investigation into and study of

THE CLASSIFICATION,
PROCESS AND ETHICS OF
RESEARCH
SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH
- A systematic way of gathering data and
harnessing curiosity
- It provides scientific information and

theories for the explanation of the nature
and properties of the world . It makes
practical applications possible
RESEARCH IN THE HUMANITIES
- Research in the Humanities involves different
methods such as for example hermeneutics and
semiotics, and a different , more relativist
epistemology
- Humanities scholars usually do not search for the

ultimate correct answer to a question , but instead
explore the issues and details that surround it
- Context is always important , and context can be

social, historical , political, cultural or ethnic
( Historical Research)
ETHICS IN RESEARCH
- INTEGRITY
- Ensure honesty in all
forms of research processes
- INFORMED CONSENT
- It means that a person
knowingly, voluntarily and voluntarily
gives consent to participate in a research
- CONFIDENTIALITY
- Principles of privacy and
confidentiality
- The identity and records of the
participants are as far as possible kept
confidential
- INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
- Honor patents, copyrights, and
other forms of
intellectual property.
- Do not use unpublished data,
- RISK OF HARM
- Research should not harm participants
-ACCOUNTABILITY
- Be responsible for all concerns related
to your research
-COMPETENCE
- Maintain and improve your own
professional competence and expertise through
lifelong education
- OBJECTIVITY
- Avoid favoritism
- OPENNESS
- Share information about your research
and be open to criticism and new ideas
- RESPECT FOR COLLEAGUES
- Respect and treat your colleagues
responsibly
- VALIDITY
- Ensure that all your data are valid
and updated
- CAREFULNESS
- Avoid errors or negligence at all
IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS IN RESEARCH
-Research Ethics govern the standards

of conduct for scientific researchers
- It is important to adhere to ethical

principles in order to protect the
dignity , rights and welfare of research
participants
RESEARCH METHODS AND
DESIGNS
A. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
- Helps to identify and define a problem or question
B. CONSTRUCTIVE
RESEARCH
- Test theories and proposes solutions to a
problem or
question
C. EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
- Test the feasibility of a solution using
empirical
evidence
MAJOR TYPES OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
DESIGN
- Qualitative Research
- Quantitative Research
- Mixed-Method Research
TYPES OF RESEARCH
TYPES OF RESEARCH BASED ON THE
APPLICATION OF RESEARCH METHOD
- PURE RESEARCH
TYPES OF RESEARCH
BASED ON THE
PURPOSE OF THE
RESEARCH
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
This type of research aims at defining

or giving a verbal portrayal or picture
of a person, thing, event, group,
situation, etc.
CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH
A correlational research shows

relationships or connectedness of two
factors, circumstances, or agents called
variables that affect the research.
EXPLANATORY RESEARCH
This type of research elaborates or explains

not just the reasons behind the relationship
of two factors, but also the ways by which
such relationship exists
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
-An exploratory research’s purpose is to find

out how reasonable or possible it is to
conduct a research study on a certain topic.
Here, you will discover ideas on topics that
could trigger your interest in conducting
research studies
BASED ON THE TYPES OF
DATA NEEDED
A.QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
B.QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH

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NATURE OF INQUIRY

- Middle French recerche, from recerchier, to

- A creative work undertaken on a systematic

- A systematic investigation into and study of

- It provides scientific information and

- Humanities scholars usually do not search for the

- Context is always important , and context can be

-Research Ethics govern the standards

- It is important to adhere to ethical

This type of research aims at defining

A correlational research shows

This type of research elaborates or explains

-An exploratory research’s purpose is to find

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