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13 views21 pages

Whatisabiosensor 150505040831 Conversion Gate02

Uploaded by

mshbiotech86
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BIOSENSOR

By –Lovnish Thakur
Enrollment No-ASU2014010100099
Course- Bioanalytical & Separation Technique(BSBT-202)
WHAT IS A BIOSENSOR?

Biosensors are analytical tools for the analysis of


biomaterial samples to gain an understanding of
their biocomposition, structure and function by
converting a biological response into a
measurable response.
FATHER OF BIOSENSORS

Professor Leland C Clark


COMPONENTS
ELEMENTS OF BIOSENSOR
THE ANALYTE

Molecule which do you want to detect


• Protein, toxin, peptide, vitamin, sugar,
metal ion
BIORECEPTOR

• The sensitive biological element-a biologically


derived material or biomimetic component
that interacts (binds or recognizes) the analyte
under study.
TRANSDUCER

• A transducer is more generally defined as a


device which converts energy from one form
to another.
ELECTRICAL INTERFACES

The detector element (works in a physicochemical


way; optical, piezoelectric, electrochemical, etc.)
that transforms the signal resulting from the
interaction of the analyte with the biological
element into electrical signal form.
ELECTRONIC SYSTEM

Combination of electronic devices i.e. Amplifier,


signal processer and display device that are
primarily responsible for the display of the
results in a user-friendly way.
WORKING PRINCIPLE

Analyte diffuses from the solution to the surface of the Biosensor

Analyte reacts specifically & efficiently with the Biological


Component of the Biosensor.

This reaction changes the physicochemical properties of the


transducer surface.

This leads to a change in the optical/electronic properties of the


transducer Surface.

The change in the optical/electronic properties is measured/


ADVANTAGES

Highly Specific.
Easy to Use, Durable.
Require only Small Sample Volume.
Rapid, Accurate, Stable & Sterilizable.
TYPES OF BIOSENSORS

 Electrochemical biosensor
 Optical biosensor
 Thermal biosensor
 Resonant biosensor
 Ion-sensitive biosensor
APPLICATIONS OF BIOSENSORS

• Food Analysis
• Study of biomolecules and their interaction
• Drug Development
• Crime detection
• Medical diagnosis(both clinical and laboratory
use)
• Environmental field monitoring
• Quality control
• Industrial Process Control
• Detection systems for biological warfare
agents
• Manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and
EXAMPLE
Sucrose Biosensor
Sucrose is an essential part of any fruit, so estimating the
concentration of sucrose at different maturity levels could
help in identifying the ripening parameters of fruits.

 Therefore, with regard to sucrose detection,


 electrodes made up of invertase, mutarotase and glucose
oxidase and mediated tri-enzyme electrode based on
sucrose phosphorylase and electrocatalytic oxidation of
NADH, have been used.
 The sucrose sensor developed was based on the invertase,
mutarotase and glucose oxidase reaction scheme
agridr.in
DNA-based piezoelectric biosensor
• A DNA sequence with a few hundred base
pairs usually possesses a sufficiently high
molecular weight so that the mass increase
caused by hybridization of a DNA-chain with
its complimentary counterpart previously
immobilized on the surface of a piezoelectric
quartz crystal may be specifically correlated
with the increase in the fundamental
resonance frequency of the crystal.
Reference
• www.pitt.edu/~super4/360137001/36421.ppt
• http://www.cse.unt.edu/~smohanty/
Publications_Journals/2006/
MohantyIEEEPotentials2006Mar-Apr.pdf
• en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosensor
• http://www.sirebi.org/open/
Intro_Biosensing.pdf

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