UNIT 7: EFFECTIVE HEALTHCARE USING

MATH
UNIT 7: EFFECTIVE
HEALTHCARE
USING MATH
01
Explain different purposes of
mathematical information used in
healthcare practice
Apply mathematical methods
04 Assess the implications of the use of
mathematical methods and scientific
rationales for healthcare practice

accurately to report on and work to

02 improve individuals’ health status

Investigate the scientific rationale of

03
the mathematical methods and
information used to predict health
outcomes
APPLY MATHEMATICAL METHODS ACCURATELY
TO REPORT ON AND WORK TO IMPROVE
INDIVIDUALS’ HEALTH STATUS
 APPLY MATHEMATICAL

02
METHODS ACCURATELY TO
REPORT ON AND WORK TO
IMPROVE INDIVIDUALS’ HEALTH
STATUS
Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

BARRIERS
.By the end of this lecture the student will be able to:
• Explain the barriers that prevent people applying mathematical methods accurately
• Mention why math is important for nurses
• Apply solution overcome the barriers that prevent people applying mathematical
• Using different tools to report data
• Interpreting the reported data
Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

BARRIERS
.Barriers that prevent people applying mathematical
methods accurately:

1) Confidence in applying mathematical methods

2) Preconceptions about the difficulty of math
3) Accessing the language used in math
4) Distraction
5) Time constraints
6) Environmental factors
7) Personal factors
8) Training on technology and equipment used
Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

BARRIERS
1) Confidence in applying mathematical methods

Mathematical incompetence and poor numerical

ability of both student and qualified nurses’ has
become the subject of many research papers.

More recently researchers have begun to explore

what is being done within Higher Education nursing
programs to help nurses’ improve numerical skills.

The majority of the research undertaken focuses on

pre-registration student nurses’, with others looking
at the mathematical ability of qualified nurses.
Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

BARRIERS
Math Anxiety
• It is the general lack of comfort that someone suffers when
they are asked to perform mathematically,
• It may also be a feeling of helplessness or tension when one
is asked to deal with numbers or shapes.
• People may experience physical discomfort, dry mouth,
sweating hands, and psychological symptoms including
temporary memory loss or sense of failure.

Solutions:
• It is clear that the numeracy drop-in sessions did increase
nurse’s maths confidence and ability.
• The numeracy drop-in sessions are an effective teaching
strategy, but levels of maths anxiety need to be taken into
account, as do the type of formulas to be included in the
sessions
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BARRIERS
2) Some Math Preconceptions
Preconception 1:
Mathematics is about learning to compute.
Preconception 2:
Mathematics is about following rules to guarantee
correct answers.
Mathematics is a constantly evolving field that is far
from cut and derived.
It involves pattern finding and continuing invention.
Preconception 3:
Some people have the ability to do math and some
don’t.
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BARRIERS
• Boys learn math better than girls.
• Children and youth from low socioeconomic situations
and underrepresented groups can’t do well in math.
• American children and youth have less mathematical
ability than Asian youth.
• Teachers in some countries believe it is desirable for
students to struggle for a while with problems.
• Whereas teachers in the United States try to simplify
things so that students need not struggle at all.
Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

BARRIERS
3) Accessing the language used in math
Mathematical language is a system used in the field of
mathematics to communicate mathematical ideas, concepts, and
theories among others.
It is distinct and unique from the usual language that people are
used to, and is used to communicate abstract, logical ideas.

3 characteristics of mathematical language:

• Precision; the language is able to make very fine distinctions of
things.
• Conciseness is able to say things briefly.
• Mathematical language being powerful is expressing complex
thoughts with relative ease, being understood by most readers.
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BARRIERS
Mathematical Symbols
• Numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
• The four symbols of operation +, -, ×, ÷
• The inequality symbols ≠, ≤, ≥, < >
• The equal sign =
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BARRIERS
Mathematical expression is the mathematical analogue of an
English noun; a correct arrangement of mathematical symbols
used to represent a mathematical object of interest.
It does NOT state a complete thought, and does NOT make sense
to ask if an expression is true or false.

Mathematical sentence is the mathematical analogue of an

English sentence, and is a correct arrangement of mathematical
symbols that state a complete thought.
It makes sense to ask if a sentence is true, false, sometimes true, or
sometimes false.
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BARRIERS
Mathematical sentences and expressions are used in Algebra.

Common Words in Algebra

Variable: it represents a value or a number, small letters are

used as variable, e.g. a, x ,y .
Constant: it is a number on its own which means the value
never change, e.g. 4, 9, 35.
Term: it is a constant, or a variable, or a constant and
variable/s multiplied together, e.g. 4, z, 5xy, 87xy, xyz.
Literal Coefficient is the variable in a particular term.
Numerical Coefficient is the constant in a particular term.
Algebraic expression: it is a group of terms separated by the
“plus” or “minus” symbols, e.g. 3x-2, x+3
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BARRIERS
In Algebra, mathematical sentences are written using variables,
constant, and equal sign or inequality sign; while verbal sentences
are written in words using phrases.

The following are most commonly used phrases in Algebra:

• Addition (plus, increased by, added to, the sum of, more than)
• Subtraction (decreased by, subtracted from, the difference of,
less than, diminished by)
• Multiplication (multiplied by, of, the product of, times)
• Division (ratio of, the quotient of, divided by)
• Inequality (is greater than, is less than, is at least, is less than or
equal, is greater than or equal to, is at most, is not equal to)
• Equality (the same as, is equal to, equals)
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BARRIERS
4) Time constraints
• It determines when activities or tasks of a project
should start and when they should end.
• The constraints include the defined deadlines for each
important phase of the project and the rollout of the
final deliverable.
• Time constraints deal with schedules, dates, time, and
deadlines.
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BARRIERS
5) Environmental factors
School infrastructure and environment School
environment and its facilities could be an important
factor for student achievement in mathematics

Good home environment enhances students’

achievement in mathematics. learning environment
such as parental education have a significant effect on
students’ performance
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BARRIERS
6) Personal factors
Negative attitude towards mathematics means disliking
mathematics and not applying it in their daily life

Lack of arithmetic ability can be predictor of

mathematics learning.
Arithmetic ability includes the skills such as
manipulating mathematical knowledge and concepts in
ways that transform their meaning and implications
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BARRIERS
7) Training on technology and equipment used
Mathematically proficient students consider the available tools
when solving a mathematical problem.

These tools might include pencil and paper, concrete models, a

ruler, a protractor, a calculator, a spreadsheet, a computer algebra
system, a statistical package, or dynamic geometry software.

Proficient students are sufficiently familiar with tools appropriate

for their grade or course to make sound decisions about when
each of these tools might be helpful, recognizing both the insight
to be gained and their limitations

They are able to use technological tools to explore and deepen

their understanding of concepts
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

WHY MATH IS IMPORTANT FOR NURSES

Certain parts of nursing require math skills that should
be honed to the point where a nurse can quickly and
accurately make a calculation.
Examples of math nurses typically encounter on a
daily basis include the following:
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

WHY MATH IS IMPORTANT FOR NURSES

Metric system conversion rates
Nurses need to know the amounts the metric terms
represent, such as a cubic centimeter (referred to as a
“CC”) being used as another way of saying a
millimeter.
It’s important to be able to convert USCS units into
metric measurements, such as one pound equaling 2.2
kilograms.
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

WHY MATH IS IMPORTANT FOR NURSES

Math for vital signs
It’s important to know the standard numbers in the area
of the four important vital signs: heart rate, blood
pressure, respiratory rate and temperature.
Math comes in handy for quickly determining those
readings.
For example, by taking the heart rate for 15 seconds
and then multiplying by four, a nurse can quickly
ascertain the number of heart beats per minute.
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

WHY MATH IS IMPORTANT FOR NURSES

Medicine dosages
The above measurements are of particular importance
because doctors often use measurements completed by
nurses to recommend treatment, including dosages for
certain medications.
Nurses must be able to determine how much of a
medication a patient should be given.
For example, a pill might come in a size that contains a
higher dosage than needed, and a nurse will have to cut
the pill to the proper dosage.
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

HOW TO OVERCOME THESE BARRIERS

Math Studying Tips
Learning how to solve math problems is important
for a career in nursing.
The good news is that like most learned skills,
practice really does make perfect.
Don’t let a math deficiency hold you back from
doing your job at the highest level.
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

HOW TO OVERCOME THESE BARRIERS

Set Aside Time
Make plans to set aside a section of time each
week to study the math concepts you need to learn.
Make it a relaxed environment where you won’t be
bothered.
Try to pick a time that is not late at night or when
you are very tired.
Have an open mind and relax! Working with
numbers seems hard for many, but once you get
into math formulas, you may find yourself
pleasantly surprised by the ease with which you
can use these solid, never-changing math concepts.
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

HOW TO OVERCOME THESE BARRIERS

Active Learning
Unlike subjects where you simply memorize a
fact, math requires that you memorize
formulas, but you can put them into practice.
This is done by solving practice problems
repeatedly until you know how to apply the
formula automatically (such as using division
or multiplication to determine a dosage).
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

HOW TO OVERCOME THESE BARRIERS

Study Conversion Charts
Nurses need to know how to convert USCS
measurements (such as pounds) into metric
measurements (such as kilograms).
These conversions should come quickly and simply.
The only way to get there is to study the
conversations rates until you know them by heart.
It’s also wise to keep a conversation rate chart handy
for reference.
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

HOW TO OVERCOME THESE BARRIERS

Have Patience
Learning the vocabulary of math can seem overwhelming
at first.
But give yourself some time to adjust to this new way of
thinking.
A belief in yourself and a dedication to learning math is as
important as learning the formulas themselves.
Have patience with yourself if you don’t get things at first.
With practice, things will begin to come easier.
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

HOW TO OVERCOME THESE BARRIERS

Write It Down
Don’t look at a math problem (such as a conversion
ratio) and try to figure it out in your head.
Eventually, you will reach that point. But in the
beginning, it’s important to write out the problem
and solve it using the formula you have learned.
Repeating this many times will help lead to you
being able to figure out math problems in your
head.
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

HOW TO OVERCOME THESE BARRIERS

Get Help
Strong and independent people –this describes most
nurses – often find it hard to seek help.
But it’s typically much easier not to go through hard
times alone if you don’t have to, and that’s certainly
the case with math.
Hiring a tutor can push your skills forward at much
faster rate and keep you from getting hung up and
wasting time on math principles that you don’t
immediately understand.
No matter what your skill level, consider getting a
tutor. It can only help.
Assess the implications of the use of mathematical methods and scientific rationales for healthcare practice

HOW TO OVERCOME THESE BARRIERS

Math Is Cumulative
It’s important to remember that learning math skills is a
natural progression.
Once you’ve learned one thing, the next skill builds on
that.
Keep notes on certain math formulas you have learned
so you can refer back to them when needed to learn a
new skill.
Follow these study tips and practice and you will soon
find yourself solving math problems quickly and
correctly.
Just give yourself time to learn how to do it and don’t
let initial frustration stop you. You don’t need natural
ability to learn math, just dedication and patience
Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

A Medication Administration Record (MAR, or eMAR for electronic versions),

commonly referred to as a drug chart.
Drug chart is the report that serves as a legal record of the drugs administered to a patient
at a facility by a health care professional.
Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Physiological measurement charts

It is the chart in which nurse record a patient's vital signs - that is, their blood pressure (BP),
pulse or heart rate (HR), temperature (T°), respiratory rate (RR) and blood oxygen saturation
(SpO2).
Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Apply mathematical methods accurately to report on and work to improve individuals’ health status

REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Interpreting charts
1) Fill the Physiological measurement charts:
• Before you take a patient’s observations, ask them for consent to proceed. If you are a
medical student and the patient is not competent to give consent—for example, they are
intoxicated or unconscious—discuss with a senior clinician before proceeding.

• Always make sure that you have the correct patient’s observation chart by checking
three points of identification for the patient (name, date of birth, and hospital number).
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

2) Calculate the NEWS

NEWS is the national early warning
score and is a mean of standardising the
method that hospitals use to track and
trigger treatment for acutely ill patients.

To calculate the overall NEWS, first take

each physiological value you have
recorded on the observation chart and
refer to the NEWS table to work out the
score for each parameter.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

The total NEWS is the sum of all six

physiological parameters plus an additional two
points if the patient is being given supplemental
oxygen.

Once you have calculated the total NEWS,

record the score in the box at the bottom of the
observation chart, under the correct date and
time.

Once you have added up the NEWS, refer to the

outline clinical response to NEWS triggers4
tool to work out how often you need to monitor
the patient as well as the appropriate clinical
response plan
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Electronic patient care reporting (ePCR)

It is rapidly replacing the paper forms used by

many medical professionals.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Here is a list of some of the key benefits of ePCR:
1. Better accuracy by enforcing the use of standardized
terminology.
2. Improved legibility because all records are typed, not
handwritten.
3. Patient group data can be sorted and analyzed by age,
gender, health complaint, and medical history.
4. Patient data is searchable, saving time when looking for
specific details.
5. Available patient data gathering hardware enables real-time
vital information sharing.
6. Electronic preservation of signatures and other critical data.
Whether using an off-the-shelf electronic patient care
reporting software package or building a custom solution, be
sure to include a secure e-signature tool.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Interpreting diagnostic rule: Intake and Output

• Why Measure Intake (I) and Output (O) ?

Used in diagnosing fluid and electrolyte imbalances
Used in Calculating fluid replacement needs

• Who is At Risk for Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances?

NPO (nothing by mouth)
Intravenous infusions
Severe trauma, burns, chronic diseases
Postoperative patients
Patients taking diuretics
Special drainages or nasogastric suction
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Equipment to Measure I O
1. Worksheet of I and O to record amount and time
as it actually happens.
2. Kept at the bedside.
3. Graphic Record chart
4. Graduated glass or cup
5. Bedpan or Urinal Urine collection devices
(graduated) Non-sterile gloves
6. Sign at the bedside indicating patient is on I/O

Measuring Intake and Output using milliliter (ml)

1 ml = 1 cc
1 8 oz = 240 cc.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Intake includes:
• Oral fluids
• Ice chips record as ½ the amount
• Foods that become liquid at room temperature
• Tube feedings
• Parenteral fluids

Output includes:
• Emesis (vomit) and liquid feces
• Diaphoresis
• Tube Drainage
• Wound Drainage
• GU Irrigant
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

.
Documentation of I and O
• Totaled- at the end of the shift from worksheet and
transferred to the graphic record
• Some patients have hourly measurements ordered
Shift totals are then added at the end of 24 hours

IO Deficits and Excesses Compare the intake to the

output
If output exceed intake patient at risk for fluid volume
deficit
If intake exceeds output patient at risk for fluid volume
excess.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

.
Causes for Error in Measuring I and O
1. Poor communication among staff
2. Guessing of the measurements instead of actually
measuring
3. Failure to estimate losses from perspiration,
incontinence, and wound drainage
4. Failure to measure fluids used in irrigations Failure to
explain to the patient and family importance of
measurement
5. Failure to record volumes at the time they are observed
6. Failure to designate the specific volume of glasses, cups,
and bowls utilized.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

A
. male patient has:
Two cups of tea with his breakfast
At 08:00, a cup of coffee
At 10:00, a glass of squash
At 11:00, a bowl of soup at lunchtime,
A glass of water at 14:00,
Another cup of tea at 15:00,
A glass of squash at 17:00,
Coffee at 18:00,
A cup of hot chocolate at 20:00 and
A glass of squash at 22:00.
He passes 455 mL of urine at 06:00,
400 mL at 10:30,
390 mL at 15:00,
320 mL at 20.00 and
300 mL at 22:30.
Key point If a cup holds 130 mL, a glass 150 mL and a soup bowl 250 mL,
what is his fluid balance, excluding insensible loss?
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

.
Weight
• Weight at the same time each day with same
equipment and clothing
• Daily weighs are done early in the a.m.

Height
• Height is obtained usually only on admission to the
hospital.
• Remove shoes
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

. rocedure for Weight a Patient
P
1. Check the patients previous weight
2. Explain procedure to the patient
3. Lock the scale and place near patient
4. Balance scales to ZERO
5. Protect area of patient contact
6. Ask patient to step up on scale and stand
still with arms at side Do NOT hold on to
anything.
7. Nurse is not to touch patient, Just stand
close with hand behind patient.
8. Read when balanced
9. Ask patient to step down
10.Zero scale when finished
11. Document correctly type of scale,
measurement
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Cholesterol levels are often used as a factor in

estimating your risk of cardiovascular disease.

When patient get cholesterol checked, healthcare

professional may look at several different results.
One of these is cholesterol ratio.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

After HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol levels have been

measured, the cholesterol ratio is then calculated.

Cholesterol ratio is calculated by dividing total cholesterol by

HDL cholesterol.
The optimal cholesterol ratio is between 3.5 and 1,.
The normal cholesterol a ratio is equal to or below 5.

A cholesterol ratio within the normal range means that

cholesterol levels are likely not contributing to cardiac risk.

For example, if your total cholesterol is 180 and your HDL is

60, your cholesterol ratio is 3.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

The higher cholesterol ratio is, the greater risk of heart disease.
A high ratio is usually due to too high LDL and/or VLDL cholesterol, or low HDL cholesterol. Both the body
and heart can be affected when cholesterol levels are not at normal levels.

Too much LDL cholesterol in blood can cause a type of heart disease called atherosclerosis.

This is a condition in which the flow of blood to the heart muscle is slowed, and it can even stop blood from
getting to the heart altogether, increasing your risk of a heart attack or stroke.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Physiological measurement
Healthcare professionals need to assess the health and wellbeing of
each individual in their care.
Steps:
1. Stabilization (putting patient on their back)
2. Observe the appearance (height, weight, color)
3. Vital signs
4. Recognize signs and symptoms
1. A sign is an indication of a disorder or disease observed by the
healthcare professional but not always apparent to the patient.
2. A symptom is an indication of disorder or disease that leads the
patient to consult a health professional, e.g. the sensation of
pain
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Physiological measurement, importance:
1. Diagnosis Normal range VS Abnormal range
2. Treatment (Care plan)

Types of patients conditions:

Acute: of a sudden onset and of over short time
Chronic: lasts over long period of time
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Physiological reading:
Changes in respiratory rate
Increasing respiratory rate and increased effort by patients to breathe
are indicators for physiological deterioration.
The breathing rate increases:
1. People in pain or distress.
2. Metabolic acidosis – a condition that occurs when the body
produces too much acid, or when the kidneys are not removing
enough acid from the body.
3. Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs in uncontrolled type 1 diabetes due to
a build-up of keto-acids (ketones)
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Physiological reading:
Changes in respiratory rate
A reduced breathing rate is an indicator of:
• CNS depression – physiological depression that results
in reduced brain activity.
• The use of depressant drugs such as alcohol, opioids,
barbiturates, benzodiazepines, general anaesthetics and
some anticonvulsants used to treat epilepsy.
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Physiological reading:
Pulse rate
Tachycardia (fast heart rate) is indicative of:
circulatory compromise (disturbance), meaning that
oxygen is not reaching all of the organs and areas it needs
to, which may be due to cardiac rhythm disturbance
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Physiological reading:
Pulse rate
Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is normal with athletes or as
a consequence of medication, e.g. with beta blockers.
It is indicator of:
• Hypothermia,
• CNS depression,
• Hypothyroidism
• Heart block due to interruption the cardiac impulses
that control the heart rate this may cause the heart to
beat more slowly.
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Physiological reading:
Oxygen saturation
SPO2 affects blood PH
Normal blood PH 7.35-7.45
Low blood PH = acidosis = reduction in oxygen saturation
High blood PH = alkalosis = increase in oxygen saturation
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Physiological reading:
Blood pressure
It is usually measured with a sphygmomanometer (blood pressure
meter)
Korotkoff sounds are blood flow sounds that healthcare professionals
observe while taking blood pressure. These sounds ‘come and go’ as the
cuff is inflated and deflated.

High blood pressure, causes:

• Caffeine
• Stress
• Overweight and obesity
• Salt intake
• High fat diet
• Race (black people < white people)
• Tobacco smoking
• Alcohol consumption
• medication
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Physiological reading:
Temperature
1. Pyrexia (fever) – a rise in temperature in response to
infection
2. Hyperthermia – e.g. heatstroke
3. Hypothermia – e.g. exposure to cold
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Physiological reading:
Urinalysis
Normal PH of the urine 4.6 -8
It can detect:
• diabetes
• kidney disease
• cystitis
• urinary tract infection (UTI)
• sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
• pregnancy
• illegal drugs
• alcohol consumption
• pre-eclampsia.
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Physiological reading:

Urine glucose test

Glucose should not normally be detected in samples of urine
Glucose in urine called glucosuria and is a primary sign of diabetes.

Protein in urine (proteinuria)

Protien should not normally be detected.
It is often a sign of disease including nephrotic syndrome, pre-
eclampsia or a complication of diabetes
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Diagnostic imaging
It allows health professionals to view the internal anatomy without the
need for invasive surgery
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Endoscopy uses light energy
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Ultrasound uses acoustic energy
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X-rays and other types of radiography are a form of electromagnetic
energy
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Nuclear medicine uses radioactive material inside the
body to see how organs or tissue are functioning (for
diagnosis) or to target and destroy damaged or diseased
organs or tissue
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REPORTING OF DATA, ASSOCIATED BARRIERS AND TOOLS

Electrophysiology is based on electrical energy generated by the body.
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Echocardiography detailed picture of the heart
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Electrocardiography (ECG) detailed graph of the phases of the heart
rate
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Magnetic resonance imaging
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Issues of accuracy, reliability and validity of

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According to WHO, there is a one in 300 chance of

a patient being harmed due to a healthcare-related
administrative error.
Comparatively, there’s a one in a million chance of
being harmed in an airplane incident. This
discovery alone provides a direct answer to the
question, ‘why is reporting important in
healthcare?’
Without healthcare data reporting, it’s unlikely
healthcare institutions will ever reduce these figures
to an acceptable level on a sustainable basis.
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methods of reporting and data reported
Healthcare reports (healthcare reporting) are a data-driven
means of benchmarking the performance of specific processes
or functions within a healthcare institution, with the primary
aim of increasing efficiency, reducing errors, and optimizing
healthcare metrics.
By utilizing interactive digital dashboards
1. It’s possible to use data to transform metrics into actionable
insights
2. To spot weaknesses, identify strengths,
3. To predict events before they occur.
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This perfect storm of visual information ultimately makes

healthcare institutions safer, more productive, and more
intelligent.

Using online reporting tools, it's possible to not only obtain

accurate facts that will benefit your organization, but this
level of data can also lead to the discovery of fresh insights
that can eliminate inefficiencies and achieve better health
outcomes for your patients.
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Healthcare business intelligence is the

process by which large scale data from the
massive healthcare industry can be collected
and refined into actionable insights from 4
key healthcare areas:
1. Costs,
2. Pharmaceuticals,
3. Clinical data,
4. Patient Behavior
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Here are some notable examples and benefits of

using business intelligence in healthcare

1. Preventative management
To use the power of historical and current data to spot
potentially fatal medical issues in patients before they
occur, to enhancing the quality patient care and reduce
mortality rates.
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2. Disease monitoring
The predictive analytics help in placing
surveillance on potentially large scale disease
outbreaks, again by using a mix of past and
present metrics or insights to ensure that the
correct course of action or preventative measures
are taken to control or contain the situation.
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3. Cutting down unnecessary costs

By collecting and analyzing operational
metrics associated with your organization's daily
healthcare expenditure in all primary areas, data
analysts can help medical institutions streamline
their budgeting processes and make alterations or
substitutions based on safety, ethics, and trust.
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4. Diagnostic and therapeutic techniques

Hospital analytics and reports give organizations
the power to unite clinical, financial, and
operational data that determines the efficiency of
their various processes, as well as the state of
their patients, and the productivity of their
healthcare programs.
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5. Patient wellbeing
Healthcare report data can assist hospitals in
offering information on an individual patient
basis.
By doing so, a healthcare institution can give
their patients advice on how they can maintain a
healthy lifestyle based on their medical data and
biometric vitals.
it's also helps to reduce readmission rates.
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6. Practitioner performance
With a healthcare industry report, it’s possible to
accurately evaluate the performance, efficiency,
and effectiveness of healthcare staff at the point
of delivery.
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7. Staffing strategy
healthcare-centric online data analysis can
also help to identify any inefficiencies that
are proving costly to the institution while
hindering patient care.
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THE VALUE OF REPORTING ON A PRACTICAL

LEVEL:

Main Hospital Key performance indicator

dashboard

Treatment costs; reporting helps healthcare

providers calculate the amount of money an average
patient costs.
Patient wait time: reporting measure the length of
time a patient has to wait for treatment.
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ER waiting time; reporting measures the

length of time a patient arrives in the ER right
through to the moment they see a physician.

Readmission rates: reporting offers an

insight into the number of patients that return
to your institution shortly after being
released.

Average hospital stay

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Main patient satisfaction Key performance

indicator
Patient safety; reporting provides a deeper
understanding of institution's capacity to deliver quality
care to its patients, keeping them safe from contracting
new infections, postoperative complications, or any form
of sepsis.
Patient waiting time.
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Patient satisfaction; reporting provides a

deeper look at overall satisfaction levels
based on wait time, nutrition, care and
processes.

Bed occupancy rate: reporting gives a clear

indication of hospital bed availability over
specific timeframes. By monitoring this
regularly, you will be able to balance
availability across departments while
reducing pressure on your institution.
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Medical equipment utilization; reporting

shows which tools you’re utilizing the most,
to help you understand internal supply and
demand on a deeper level.

Patient drug cost per stay; reporting

improves financial efficiency and growth on a
long-term basis.
THANK YOU