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Visual Field Intrepretation

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23 views24 pages

Visual Field Intrepretation

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VISUAL FIELD

INTREPRETATION
RIYA MOSES
M.OPTOMETRIST
VISUAL FIELD
• total area which can be seen (peripheral vision )when you focus on
centre point.
• Sup-60 Nas-60 Inf-75 AND Tem 100
• Optic disc-nasal to fovea-seen in temporal VF as a blind spot
VISUAL FIELD DEFECTS
• A portion of visual field missing. This may be central(5degree), paracentral
(5 degree to 30 degree) or peripheral. (more than 30 degree)

Causes-
• Central visual field loss occurs with:
 Optic neuropathy
 Macular degeneration
 Macular holes
 Cone dystrophies

• Peripheral visual field loss occurs with:


 Retinitis pigmentosa
 Chorioretinitis
 Glaucoma
 Retinal detachment
 Lead poising
COMPONENTS OF VF DEFECTS
 Monocular
 Density
 Area
 Shape
 Extent
 position

 Binocular
 Laterality
 equalness

TYPES OF VISUAL FIELD DEFECT-


 Scotoma-blind spot surrounded by normal visual field
1. Central scotoma- vf loss in central vision
2. Peripheral scotoma -vf loss in peripheral region

 Hemianopia- binocular vision defect in each eye hemi field.


1. BiTemporal hemianopia –two half lost at both periphery., effectively creating central vision
tunnel
2. Homonymous hemianopia- two half are on corresponding area
3. Altitudinal hemianopia –upper or lower half of vf are lost., may be unilateral or bilateral.
4. Quadrantanopia-vf loss is quarter, usually bilateral
VISUAL /OPTIC NERVE PATHWAY
• Retinal cells(rods and cons)
• Optic nerve
• Optic chiasma (located just below and above pituitary gland)
• Optic tract
• Lateral geniculate body
• Optic radiation
• Visual cortex (occipital lobe)
VISUAL FIELD CHANGES IN GLAUCOMA
EXAMINATION OF VF
• A visual field examination can detect dysfunction in central and peripheral vision which
may be caused by various medical condition such as
 Glaucoma
 Stroke
 Brain tumor
 Neurological defects

TYPES OF EXAMINATION
 Central
 Amsler grid testing :20
 Bjerrum screen:30
 Goldmann:
 automated (static and kinetic)(Humphrey/octopus):30
 Peripheral
 Confrontation
 Goldmann
 automated (static and kinetic) )(Humphrey/octopus) :90
PERIMETRY TYPES
KINETIC STATIC
• measure extend of visualfield by • measure sensitivity of retinal
plotting isopters( locus of retinal points
points having same sensitivity)
• stimulus moves from non seeing to
• stimulus moves from non seeing to seeing area
seeing area
• mostly automatic
• Result depends upon the
experience of operator • EG: automated Perimetry. Goldman
Perimetry.
• eg: Goldman,
confrontation,tangent screen, arc
Perimetry
CONFRONTATION
CONFRONTATION
RECORDING
OCTOPUS
OCTOPUS
HFA
BJERRUM SCREEN
BJERRUM SCREEN
BJERRUM SCREEN RECORDING
AMSLER RECORDING
HFA INTERPRETATION

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