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    W1 Introduction To Anthropology

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    W1 Introduction To Anthropology

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    W1 Introduction to Anthropology

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    3 views29 pages

    W1 Introduction To Anthropology

    Uploaded by

    aysnrkvckr

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 29

    Batak Tribesman –c.

    1880

    WHAT IS
    ANTHROPOLOGY?
    Anthropology
    literally means the
    “science of
    mankind.”

    ANTHROPOS +
    LOGOS
    The social or
    behavioral sciences
    grew out of
    inquiries about the
    nature of humanity
    which date back to
    Greek and Roman
    times.

    Socrates
    Triumph of St Thomas Aquinas over the Heretics
    (detail) (1489-91) Fresco
    S. Maria sopra Minerva, Rome
    The idea that human
    society was an
    appropriate scientific
    area of study began to
    develop in seventeenth
    century Europe.

    Physiognomist John Lavater


    For the most part,
    however, the Age
    of Enlightenment
    meant that
    intellectuals were
    free, within limits,
    to talk and think
    about what was
    good and bad in
    their societies and
    in others.

    Voltaire and King Fredrick II


    of Prussia
    Maoris - 1769
    Aleutian Islands -1778- Voyage of Captain Cook
    One of the most
    influential ideas of
    the era was the
    concept of the
    “Noble Savage.”

    Incas of Peru from 1777


    print
    Anthropology began to
    develop a distinct character
    as a discipline in its own right
    in the early nineteenth
    century.

    Napoleon in Egypt
    Because
    colonialists
    often kept
    detailed diaries
    and wrote long
    letters, they
    became the
    earliest
    ethnographers.
    Batak Tribesman –c. 1880
    In 1838, a society with
    both intellectual
    interests and a social
    agenda similar to the
    “Society of the
    Observers of Man” was
    formed in London.
    Their first order of
    business was an
    attempt to compare
    the distinctive
    characteristics of
    black and white
    people.

    Women in West Indies


    1850 plate on “race” and
    skull type
    Darwin’s research on
    natural selection
    provided an
    opportunity to
    separate and clarify
    concepts of physical
    and social evolution.

    1874 Print – London


    Sketchbook
    Edouard Lartet

    Illustrations from
    L’HOMME PRIMITIF
    By LOUIS FIGUIER
    published in 1876
    Feverish enthusiasm for the new
    concept of biological evolution
    led to its wholesale application
    to social arenas.

    Stereo-print of “Primitive Artist Indian Women”


    Illustrations from
    L’HOMME PRIMITIF
    By LOUIS FIGUIER
    published in 1876
    Archaeologists

    Physical
    Anthropologist
    Cultural Anthropologist/Sociolinguist
    The Four Fields of Anthropology

    1. Physical Anthropology
    2. Archaeology
    3. Anthropological Linguistics
    4. Cultural Anthropology
    Physical Anthropology

    • Paleoanthropology
    • Biological Anthropology
    Archaeology

    Archaeologists working in Hawaii uncover a stone


    lined hearth (left to right, Jonathan Carpenter, Calum
    Wilkenson (back), and Mark McCoy).
    Anthropological Linguistics
    Cultural Anthropology
    Edward Tylor
    1832-1917
    The concept of “culture”
    became central to the
    development of theory
    among social
    anthropologists and
    ethnographers.
    Culture . . . is that complex
    whole which includes
    knowledge, belief, art, morals,
    law, custom, and any other
    capabilities and habits
    acquired by man as a member
    of society.
    Bronislaw Malinowski interviewing Trobriand sorcerer c. 1917
    As time went on
    anthropologists
    became more
    curious about the
    way certain cultural
    materials and traits
    passed from group
    to group.

    Copy of an Ife
    (Nigerian) bronze head
    wearing a western
    military helmet by an
    artist from Cameroun
    Today, most anthropologists
    try to integrate a humanistic
    approach to anthropology
    with scientific techniques.

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