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IPv4 Uses 32-Bit Addresses

Pv4 uses 32-bit addresses which limits the address space to 4294967296 (232) addresses.

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S.KAVITHA COMPUTERSCIENCE
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22 views17 pages

IPv4 Uses 32-Bit Addresses

Pv4 uses 32-bit addresses which limits the address space to 4294967296 (232) addresses.

Uploaded by

S.KAVITHA COMPUTERSCIENCE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Network

S.Kavitha
Head & Assiatant Professor
Department of Computer Science
Sri Sarada Niketan College of Science for
Women,Karur.
Unit - III
IPV4 Addresses
 IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses which limits
the address space to 4294967296 (232)
addresses.

 IPv4 reserves special address blocks for


private networks (~18 million addresses)
and multicast addresses (~270 million
addresses).
Unicast Addressing Mode

 In this mode, data is sent only to one destined


host.

 The Destination Address field contains 32- bit IP


address of the destination host.

 Here the client sends data to the targeted


server
Broadcast Addressing Mode

 In this mode, the packet is addressed to all


the hosts in a network segment.

 The Destination Address field contains a


special broadcast address, i.e.
255.255.255.255.

 When a host sees this packet on the network,


it is bound to process it.
Multicast Addressing Mode

 This mode is a mix of the previous two


modes, i.e. the packet sent is neither
destined to a single host nor all the hosts on
the segment.

 In this packet, the Destination Address


contains a special address which starts with
224.x.x.x and can be entertained by more
than one host.
Hierarchical Addressing Scheme

 IPv4 uses hierarchical addressing scheme.

 An IP address, which is 32-bits in length, is


divided into two or three parts as depicted
Subnet Mask

 The 32-bit IP address contains information


about the host and its network. It is very
necessary to distinguish both.

 Subnet Mask is also 32 bits long. If the IP


address in binary is ANDed with its Subnet
Mask, the result yields the Network address.
Binary Representation

 The positional value method is the


simplest form of converting binary from
decimal value.
 IP address is 32 bit value which is divided
into 4 octets.
Internet Protocol
 It is a protocol defined in the TCP/IP
model used for sending the packets from
source to destination.

 The main task of IP is to deliver the


packets from source to the destination
based on the IP addresses available in the
packet headers.
IP packet
Key points related to private address are:

 Its scope is local, as we can communicate within


the network only.
 It is generally used for creating a local area
network.
 It is available at free of cost.
 We can get to know the private IP address by
simply typing the "ipconfig" on the command
prompt.
Routing algorithms

 Routing algorithms are software programs


that implement different routing protocols.

 Every router tries to forward the data


packet to the next best link with the lowest
cost.
IPV6 Addressing
 An IPv6 address is 128 bits in length and
consists of eight, 16-bit fields, with each field
bounded by a colon.
 Each field must contain a hexadecimal
number, in contrast to the dotted-decimal
notation of IPv4 addresses.

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