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    Primary Health Care

    Uploaded by

    Neethu Vincent

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Primary Health Care

    Uploaded by

    Neethu Vincent
    5 views26 pages

    Original Title

    primary health care

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    Copyright:

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    5 views26 pages

    Primary Health Care

    Uploaded by

    Neethu Vincent

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    MS NEETHU VINCENT

    ASST PROFESSSOR
    KVM COLLEGE OF NURSING
    PRIMAR
    Y
    HEALTH
    CARE
    PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
    • “Primary Health Care is essential
    health care made universally
    accessible to individuals &
    acceptable to them, through their full
    participation & at a cost the
    community & country can afford”.
    CHARACTERISTICS OF PHC

    COST EFFECTIVE HEALTH CARE


    NATURE OF PHC
    ELEMENTS OF PRIMARY HEALTH
    CARE
    1.Education concerning prevailing
    health problem & the methods of
    preventing & controlling them.
    2.Promotion of food supply &
    proper nutrition.
    3.An adequate supply of safe
    water & basic sanitation.

    4.Maternal & child health care,


    including family planning.
    5.Immunization against major
    infectious diseases.

    6.Prevention & control of locally


    endemic diseases.
    • 7.Appropriate treatment of
    common diseases & injuries.

    • 8.Provision of essential drugs.


    PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY HEALTH
    CARE

    • 1.Equitable distribution.
    • 2.Community participation.
    • 3.Intersectoral coordination.
    • 4.Appropriate technology.
    • 5. Prevention
    EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION
    • Health services must be shared
    equally by all people irrespective
    of their ability to pay.
    • Rich or poor / rural or urban must
    have access to health services.
    • 80% percentage of people live in
    rural areas & only 20% live in the
    urban areas, but the proportion of
    the health services is grossly
    inversely propotionate.ie, 80% of
    people are catered by only 20% &
    20% are catered by 80% of health
    services.
    • This has been termed as social
    injustice.

    • Primary Health Care aims to readdress


    this imbalance by shifting the centre
    of gravity of the health care system
    from cities to the rural areas, & bring
    these services as near people’s home
    as possible.
    COMMUNITY
    PARTICIPATION

    • Involvement of the individuals &


    community in promotion of their
    own health & welfare, is an essential
    ingredient of primary health care.
    • There must be a continuing effort to
    secure meaningful involvement of
    the community in planning,
    implementing & maintenance of
    health services, besides maximum
    reliance on local resources such as
    manpower, money & materials.
    • One approach – the VHG & Trained
    Dais has been successfully tried in
    India.

    • They are selected by the local


    community & trained locally in the
    delivery of primary health care to the
    community they belong.
    • By overcoming cultural &
    communication barriers, they provide
    primary health care in ways that are
    acceptable to the community.

    • It is now considered that “Health


    Guides” & “Trained Dais” are an
    essential feature of primary health care
    in India.
    • It is now considered that “Health Guides”
    & “Trained Dais” are an essential feature
    of primary health care in India.

    • These concepts are revolutionary. They


    have been greatly influenced by the
    experience in China where community
    participation in the from of “bare foot
    doctors” took place on an unprecedented
    scale.
    INTERSECTORAL CO -
    ORDINATION

    • There is an increasing realization that


    HFA cannot be provided by the
    health sector alone.
    • The declaration of Alma Ata states that
    primary health care involves in
    addition to health sector, all related
    sectors & aspects of national &
    community development, in particular
    agriculture, animal husbandry, food,
    industry, education, housing, public
    works, communication & other sectors.
    • To achieve such cooperation,
    countries may have to review their
    administrative system, reallocate
    their resources & introduce suitable
    legislation to ensure that
    coordination can take place.
    • This requires a strong political will
    to translate values into action.
    • An important approach is the
    inter sectoral approach.
    APPROPRIATE
    TECHNONOLOGY
    • Appropriate technology has been
    defined as “technology that is
    scientifically sound, adaptable to local
    needs, & acceptable to those who apply
    it & for those whom it is used & that cab
    be maintained by the people
    themselves in keeping with the
    principles of self reliance with the
    resources the community & country can
    afford”.
    • The term appropriate is emphasized
    because in some countries luxurious
    hospitals that are totally
    inappropriate to the local needs, are
    built, which absorb a major part of
    the national health budget,
    effectively blocking many
    improvement in general health
    services.
    • This also implies use of costly
    equipments, procedures &
    techniques when cheaper,
    scientifically valid & acceptable
    ones are available. (ORS packets
    over house to house sand pipe
    connections)
    THANK YOU

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