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Lesson 1 Encoding Storage and Retrieval

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34 views

Lesson 1 Encoding Storage and Retrieval

Uploaded by

lovrldw6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

• Please complete the questionnaire

on your desk, in silence.


• Please be honest.
• Please do not ask anyone else what
they have written.
• Once you have finished, please put
the questionnaire away in your
folder as you will not need it for this
lesson.
L1:
Memory
Processes
Page 12-13

Encoding (Visual, Acoustic &


Semantic)
Storage
Retrieval
HOMEWORK
Complete ‘The encoding,
storage and retrieval gap
fill’ worksheet.
Due? Next lesson (due
dates in teacher notes)
Time to complete? 10
minutes max.
EBOOK INSTRUCTIONS
1) Google.co.uk  ‘Digital Illuminate’
2) First site: Digital Book Bundles (
https://www.illuminate.digital/)
3) Click on ‘AQA Psychology for GCSE’
4) Username: SWALLING6
5) Password: STUDENT6
THINK, PAIR, SHARE
You wake up one morning and you’ve lost your memory.
Try to answer the following questions:

1. What do you normally do in a day that you would no


longer be able to do?
2. What if you did not recognise your friends or
family?
3. What experiences would you miss if you couldn’t
remember TV programmes or news articles?
4. How could you plan your day if you forgot what you
were thinking about a few minutes earlier?
MEMORY
• What is memory? In 2s or 3s, please come up with your own
definition of memory.

1: Memory is the process by which we retain information about


events that have happened in the past. Involves 3 processes –
encoding, storage and retrieval.

• Is short term memory the same thing as long term


memory?
• NO. Now in 2s or 3s, can you try to define ‘short term memory’
and ‘long term memory’. What do you think the differences are?
MEMORY
9 Short term memory: has a limited capacity and can
hold approximately 7 items (+ or – 2) which is referred to
as ‘the magic 7’. It also has a limited duration ( between
15-30 seconds without rehearsal). Tends to use acoustic
coding.

10 Long term memory: has a potentially unlimited


capacity and has the potential to last for up to a lifetime.
Tends to use semantic coding.
MEMORY
• Why is memory important? In 2s or 3s, please discuss why
you think memory is important.

Memory is important because:


It helped increase our chance of survival e.g. it helped our
ancestors remember where the best places to hunt were, what
foods were dangerous etc.
Helps us retrieve information and use it in the correct context.
Helps us to retain skills we have learnt.
The more you can remember the more you can learn.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TUoJc0NPajQ
2 ENCODING
What does ‘encoding’ mean?
2 Encoding: Information taken into the memory is changed into a form
that can be stored and later recalled.

There are 5 types of encoding:


1) Visual 2) Acoustic 3) Semantic
4) Tactile 5) Olfactory

What do you think these mean?


Do you think all information is encoded?
Example…
Imagine you
needed to
remember to buy a
Doughnut at the
Supermarket
You could encode the information
visually
Think of an image of a doughnut…

or
You could encode the information
Acoustically
Repeating Doughnut over and over (doughnut,
doughnut, doughnut..)
You could encode the information
Semantically (by meaning)
Applying some pre-existing knowledge of doughnuts to
the fact you need to remember to buy them

• ie Homer Simpson’s
favourite food!!
MATCH DEFINITIONS – AO2
1. Remembering your
best friend’s face A) Acoustic
2. Remembering the tune
of your favourite song
Encoding
3. Remembering that a B) Olfactory
scooter is a type of
vehicle
Encoding
4. Remembering what C) Visual
school dinners smelt
like back in the day Encoding
D) Semantic
3 STORAGE
• Where information is held in the memory system for use
at some point in the future.

How long can information be stored for?


Potentially forever!
4 Retrieval
• Finally, when we need the information – it is located and
brought back.
• There are 3 types of ‘retrieval’.
• 18 Recognition: noticing information that you have seen
before e.g. You see someone and can identify who they
are because you have met before.
• 19 Cued Recall: remembering something because
something ‘jogged’ your memory e.g. ‘What word means
to change information so it can be stored? It begins with
an E...’
• 20 Free Recall: remembering something by your own
effort without help, you do not need any cues/clues.
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS – AO1
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS – AO1
TRUE OR FALSE?
1) Encoding means changing information so that it can be
stored in memory
2) One form of encoding is called ‘tactile’
3) A definition of free recall is recognising information you
have come across before.
4) Acoustic encoding refers to information being stored in
memory based on what it looks like.
5) Semantic encoding refers to memories being stored in
terms of their meaning.
6) Olfactory encoding refers to memories being stored in
terms of what things feel like to the touch.
TRUE OR FALSE?
• Encoding means changing information so that it can be
stored in memory
• One form of encoding is called ‘tactile’
• A definition of free recall is recognising information you
have come across before.
• Acoustic encoding refers to information being stored in
memory based on what it looks like.
• Semantic encoding refers to memories being stored in terms
of their meaning.
• Olfactory encoding refers to memories being stored in terms
of what things feel like to the touch.
If any time
left, please
make a
start on
your
homework.

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