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Document Image Analysis

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Deepak Patel
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55 views10 pages

Document Image Analysis

Uploaded by

Deepak Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DOCUMENT IMAGE

ANALYSIS
DOCUMENT IMAGE ANALYSIS

• Algorithms and techniques that are


applied to images of documents to
obtain a computer-readable
description from pixel data.

• The objective of document image analysis is


to recognize the text and graphics
components in images, and to extract the
intended information as a human would
What is OCR (Optical Character
Recognition)?
• Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the process that
converts an image of text into a machine-readable text format.

• For example, if you scan a form or a receipt, your computer


saves the scan as an image file. You cannot use a text editor to
edit, search, or count the words in the image file. However, you
can use OCR to convert the image into a text document with
its contents stored as text data.
How does OCR work?
Image acquisition

• A scanner reads documents and converts them to binary data. The OCR software analyzes the scanned image
and classifies the light areas as background and the dark areas as text.

Preprocessing

• The OCR software first cleans the image and removes errors to prepare it for reading

Text recognition

• The two main types of OCR algorithms or software processes that an OCR software uses for text recognition
are called pattern matching and feature extraction.

Postprocessing

• After analysis, the system converts the extracted text data into a computerized file.
What Is Document Layout Analysis?

• It's the process of analyzing a document's spatial


arrangement of content to understand its structure and
layout.

• This includes identifying the location of text, images,


tables, and other elements, as well as the overall
document structure, such as headings and subheadings.
Medical image analysis
• Medical image analysis is the process of
extracting meaningful information from
medical images, often using
computational methods.

• Medical image processing is carried out by


radiologists, engineers, and clinicians to
better understand the anatomy of either
individual patients or population groups.
Key Aspects
Tasks in Medical Image Analysis:
1. Visualization and Exploration: Understanding 2D images
and 3D volumes.
2. Segmentation: Identifying and delineating specific
structures or regions of interest (e.g., tumors, blood vessels).
3. Classification: Categorizing images based on specific
criteria (e.g., benign vs. malignant).
4. Registration: Aligning multiple images (e.g., pre- and post-
surgery scans) for comparison.
5. 3D Reconstruction: Creating 3D models from image data.
Deep Learning Approach (DLA):
6. DLA, a subset of machine learning, automatically extracts
essential features from raw input data.
7. It has been widely used in medical imaging for tasks like
disease detection, classification, and segmentation.
Segmentation of aortic dissection: (a) rendering of the CT data; (b) segmented mask after
smoothing; (c) 3D model used in the simulation
How does medical image processing work?

Image Acquisition:
1. Raw data is acquired from CT or MRI scans.
2. CT scans use X-ray absorption, while MRI scans rely on proton signals during
relaxation and strong magnetic fields.
Reconstruction:
3. Raw data is reconstructed into a suitable format for software.
4. A 3D bitmap of greyscale intensities (voxels) represents the image.
Processing Steps:
5. Noise Reduction: Filters remove unwanted noise or artifacts.
6. Segmentation: Identifying different anatomical regions (e.g., tissue, bone).
7. Measurement and Statistics: Quantifying parts of the image data.
Applications:
8. Diagnosis: Non-invasive exploration of internal anatomy.
9. Treatment Planning: Creating 3D models for surgical planning

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