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Applications of ICT - Lecture 05

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13 views17 pages

Applications of ICT - Lecture 05

Uploaded by

rimshakhan1159
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Operating System

Basics
Chapter 5
System Software versus
Application Software

 System software: the operating system and


utility programs that control your computer
and allow you to use it.
 Application software: all the programs that
allow you to perform specific tasks on your
computer
The Operating System
A collection of
The most critical piece programs to manage
of software installed on and coordinate the
the computer. activities taking place
within the computer

ensures that all actions


Boots the computer, requested by a user
launches application are valid and
software processed in an orderly
fashion.
Functions of Operating Systems

Provide a user interface

Booting the computer

Configuring devices

Managing network connections

Manage resources (software, memory, disk space)

Organized file storage

Security
Providing a
User Interface

 User interface
 Howa user interacts with
a computer
 Require different skill sets
Providing a User
Interface
 Graphical user interface (GUI)
 Most common interface
 Windows, OS X, Gnome
 Uses a mouse to control objects
 Uses a desktop metaphor
 Shortcuts open programs or documents
 Open documents have additional
objects
 Task switching
 Dialog boxes allow directed input
Graphical User Interface
Command Line
Interface
Command line interfaces
Older interface
DOS, Linux, UNIX
Usertypes commands at a
prompt
Usermust remember all
commands
Included in all GUIs
Command Line
Interface
 Fast performance
 Less memory
 Low-resolution monitor
 The slow processor can work
 Don’t require windows
 Autocomplete
Command Line Interface
Booting the computer

 The first task, when you power up your computer

 The essential portion, or core, of the operating system


(called the kernel) is loaded into memory. The kernel
remains in memory the entire time the computer is on so
that it is always available

 Remaining parts of the operating system are retrieved


from the hard drive and loaded into memory when they
are needed.

 Before the boot process ends, the operating system


determines the hardware devices that are connected to
the computer and configured properly, and it reads an
opening batch of instructions.
Configuring Devices

Configuring all devices connected to


a computer.

Small programs called device drivers (or


simply drivers) are used to communicate
with
peripheral devices, such as monitors,
printers, portable storage devices, and
keyboards.
Managing Network
Connection

Managing your network


connections, such as a wired
connection to a home or office
network or wireless connections
at home, school, work, or on the
go.
Running Programs

Many different applications supported

System call

• Provides consistent access to OS


features
Share information between programs
Managing Hardware

Programs need to access hardware

CPU is stopped
Interrupts Hardware device is accessed

Device drivers control the hardware


Organizing Files and
Folders
Organized storage
Long file names
Folders can be created and nested
All storage devices work
consistently

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