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Microprocessor Applications

Microprocessor Applications - Household , Industries , Factories

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vijayalakshmis
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16 views

Microprocessor Applications

Microprocessor Applications - Household , Industries , Factories

Uploaded by

vijayalakshmis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MICROPROCESSOR

APPLICATIONS
Presented By
S.Vijayalakshmi B.E,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Computer Science,
Sri Sarada Niketan College for Women,Karur.
MICROPROCESSOR APPLICATIONS
Household Devices
The programmable thermostat allows the
control of temperature at homes. In this
system, a microprocessor works with the
temperature sensor to determine and adjust
the temperature accordingly.
High-end coffee makers, Washing machines,
and radio clocks contain microprocessor
technology.
Industrial Applications
Some industrial items which use
microprocessors technology include:
cars, boats, planes, trucks, heavy machinery,
elevators, gasoline pumps, credit-card
processing units, traffic control devices,
computer servers.
Most high tech medical devices, surveillance
systems, security systems, and even some
doors with automatic entry.
Transportation Industry
Automobiles, trains and planes also use
microprocessor technology.
Consumer vehicles-buses, cars, trucks -
integrate microprocessors to
communicate important information
throughout the vehicle.
E.g., navigation systems provide
information using microprocessors and
global positioning system (GPS)
technology.
In Medicals

Many medical devices, like an


insulin pump, are typically
controlled by a microprocessor.
The microprocessors perform
various functions, such as
processing data from bio-
sensors, storing measurements,
and analyzing results.
Computers and Electronics
Microprocessor-drives technology is the
brain of the computer. They are used in all
type of computers ranging from
microcomputers to supercomputers.
A cell phone or mobile device executes
game instructions by way of the
microprocessor.
VCRs, televisions and gaming platforms
also contain microprocessors for executing
complex instructions and tasks.
Office Automation and Publication
Microprocessor based system with
software packages has changed the
office environment. Microprocessors
based systems are being used for
spread sheet operations, word
processing, storage etc.
The Publication technology has
revolutionized by the
microprocessor.
Communication
In communication the telephone
industry is most important. In this
industry, microprocessors are used in
digital telephone sets, telephone
exchanges and modem etc.
The use of microprocessor in
satellite communication, television,
has made teleconferencing possible.
Instruction Cycle
The instruction cycle of the 8085 microprocessor
consists of four basic steps, which are:
Fetch: In this step, the microprocessor fetches the
instruction from the memory location pointed to by
the program counter (PC). The PC is incremented by
one after the fetch operation.
Decode: Once the instruction is fetched, the
microprocessor decodes it to determine the
operation to be performed and the operands
involved.
Execute: In this step, the microprocessor performs
the operation specified by the instruction on the
operands.
Store: Finally, the result of the execution is stored
in the appropriate memory location or register.
Timing diagram for fetch cycle
Timing diagram for fetch cycle
Above diagram represents:
05 – lower bit of address where opcode is stored.
Multiplexed address and data bus AD0-AD7 are used.
20 – higher bit of address where opcode is stored.
Multiplexed address and data bus AD8-AD15 are
used.
RD (low active) – If signal is high or 1, no data is
read by microprocessor. If signal is low or 0, data is
read by microprocessor.
WR (low active) – If signal is high or 1, no data is
written by microprocessor. If signal is low or 0, data
is written by microprocessor.
IO/M (low active) and S1, S0 – If signal is high or
1, operation is performing on input output. If signal
is low or 0, operation is performing on memory.
TIMING DIAGRAM:
Timing Diagram is a graphical representation.
 It represents the execution time taken by each instruction
in a graphical format.
 The execution time is represented in T-states.

INSTRUCTION CYCLE : The time required to execute


an instruction is called instruction cycle.

MACHINE CYCLE : The time required to access the


memory or input/output devices is called machine cycle.
Uses of Instruction cycle
Execution of instructions: The instruction cycle is
used to execute the instructions in a program.
Each instruction in the program is fetched,
decoded, and executed using the instruction cycle.
Control flow: The instruction cycle is used to
control the flow of instructions in a program. Once
an instruction is executed, the microprocessor
moves on to the next instruction in the program.
Interrupt handling: The instruction cycle is used to
handle interrupts in the 8085 microprocessor.
When an interrupt occurs, the current instruction
cycle is suspended, and the microprocessor jumps
to a separate interrupt routine to handle the
interrupt.
Issues of Instruction cycle
Timing: The instruction cycle requires
precise timing to ensure that each step is
executed correctly. If the timing is off, it
can lead to incorrect results or cause the
microprocessor to malfunction.
Instruction set limitations: The 8085
microprocessor has a limited instruction
set, which can make it difficult to perform
certain operations or tasks. This can lead
to inefficient code and slower execution
times.
THANK YOU

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