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CT042-3-1-IDB-Lecture 1

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25 views23 pages

CT042-3-1-IDB-Lecture 1

Uploaded by

saciidcabdulaahi063
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Databases

CT042-3-1-IDB

Lecture 1: Introduction to Database


Topic & Structure of The
Lesson

• Data vs Information
• Database vs DBMS
• Types of database

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 2


Learning
Outcomes

• At the end of this topic, You should be able to


– Explain the difference between data and information
– Describe the difference between database and DBMS
– State different types of database

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 3


Key Terms You Must Be Able To Use

• If you have mastered this topic, you should be able to use the following
terms correctly in your assignments and exams:
– Data
– Infromation
– Database
– Database Management System

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 4


In this chapter, you will learn:

• The difference between data and information


• What a database is, what the different types of databases are, and
why they are valuable assets for decision making
• The importance of database design
• How modern databases evolved from file systems

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 5


In this chapter, you will learn (continued):

• About flaws in file system data management


• What the database system’s main components are and how a
database system differs from a file system
• The main functions of a database management system (DBMS)

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 6


Data vs. Information

• Data:
– Raw facts; building blocks of information
– Unprocessed information
• Information:
– Data processed to reveal meaning
• Accurate, relevant, and timely information is key to good decision
making
• Good decision making is the key to survival in a global environment

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 7


Transforming Raw Data into Information

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 8


Transforming Raw Data into Information
(continued)

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 9


Transforming Raw Data into Information
(continued)

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 10


Transforming Raw Data into Information
(continued)

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 11


Introducing the Database
and the DBMS

• Database—shared, integrated computer structure that stores:


– End user data (raw facts)
– Metadata (data about data)

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 12


Introducing the Database and the DBMS
(continued)

• DBMS (database management system):


– Collection of programs that manages database structure and controls access to data
– Possible to share data among multiple applications or users
– Makes data management more efficient and effective

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 13


Role and Advantages of the DBMS (continued)

• End users have better access to more and better-managed data


– Promotes integrated view of organization’s operations
– Probability of data inconsistency is greatly reduced
– Possible to produce quick answers to ad hoc queries

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 14


Role and Advantages of the DBMS
(continued)

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 15


Types of Databases

• Single-user:
– Supports only one user at a time
• Desktop:
– Single-user database running on a personal computer
• Multi-user:
– Supports multiple users at the same time

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 16


Types of Databases (continued)

• Workgroup:
– Multi-user database that supports a small group of users or a single department
• Enterprise:
– Multi-user database that supports a large group of users or an entire organization

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 17


Types of Databases (continued)

Can be classified by location:


• Centralized:
– Supports data located at a single site
• Distributed:
– Supports data distributed across several sites

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 18


Types of Databases (continued)

Can be classified by use:


• Transactional (or production):
– Supports a company’s day-to-day
operations
• Data warehouse:
– Stores data used to generate
information required to make tactical or
strategic decisions
– Often used to store historical data
– Structure is quite different

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 19


Quick Review Question

• What is the difference between data and information


• Describe the difference between database and DBMS
• Briefly explain 3 types of database

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 20


Summary of Main Teaching Points

• Data are raw facts, information is processed data to reveal meaning


• Database store shared, integrated data.
• DBMS is a collection of programs that manages database structure and
controls access to data.
• Database can be classified by usage or location

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 21


Question and Answer
Session

Q&A

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 22


What we will cover next

• File System and its problems


• DBMS functions

Module Code & Module Title Slide Title SLIDE 23

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