Biodiversity

Presented by group B

Rachel
Meenu
Methindu
Senul
Malindu
CONTEXT

Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life

on earth. Diversity is not distributed evenly on
Earth. It is greater in the tropics as a result of
the warm climate and high primary
productivity in the region near the equator.
Tropical forest ecosystems cover less than
one-fifth of Earth’s terrestrial area and contain
about 50% of the world’s species.Biodiversity
can be usually explored in 3 ways they are
genetic diversity, Species diversity and
ecosystem diversity.
 Biodiversity Loss
Biodiversity loss, a decrease in biodiversity
within a species, an ecosystem or Earth as a
whole. Biodiversity, or biological diversity, is a
term that refers to the number of genes,
species, individual organisms within a given
species, and biological communities within a
defined geographic area, ranging from the
smallest ecosystem to the global biosphere.
Even THOUGH A species is not fully
eliminated From the ecosystem, The role it
plays Diminish as the number Falls.
MINING
The overall biodiversity of the larger area may or may not
change. This will depend on the type of mining, the chemicals
used, the size of the mine, and the environmental practices of
whoever is doing the mining. The chemicals usually used
release mercury to water bodies so it can affect the salmons
and if it reaches the ocean it can affect the corals and Turtles. Causes for loss
in biodiversity
DEFORESTATION
Deforestation can affect the habitats of many
endangered species or biological species including
Grizzly bears, Giant Pandas , Red pandas , Wylie,
Sumatran rhinoceros ,Snow leopards and Western
Gorillas.
URABANISATION
Of all of the environmental changes provoked by
humans, urbanization is one of the greatest threats
to biodiversity. The process of urbanization
produces an inversion of landscape patterns which
become dominated by anthropic habitats. This
entails a reduction and fragmentation of natural
habitats, and the emergence of strong barrier effects
that hinder or even prevent the movement of
organisms and ecological connectivity. In addition,
food sources become more artificial, disturbances
increase, and different types of pollution including
chemical, light and sound become more frequent.
CLIMATE CHANGE
The risk of species extinction increases with every
degree of warming. In the ocean, rising
temperatures increase the risk of irreversible loss of
marine and coastal ecosystems. And the species in
polar regions can’t survive because of the high
temperature in the atmosphere causes the glaciers
and Ice Berger's to melt.

POLLUTION
One major impact of pollution in biodiversity is the harmful
substances it releases mainly to the air and others such as
land and the ocean . When they are released they effect the
ecosystem and the biological species. Over 1.1 million
biological species are dead because of pollution and scientists
have found out that more species are dead because of
methane and mercury.
 CONSEQUENCES FOR LOST OF
BIODIVERSITY
Impacts on Ecosystem Stability
Ecosystems are built on intricate food webs, where each species plays a rolemaintaining
the balance. Biodiversity loss harms these webs as species disappear or their
populations decline. The consequences reach far beyond nature, impacting food.
Pollinators, such as bees, are vital for crop production, and their decline threatens our
ability to produce the food .

Altered biochemical cycles

Biodiversity loss can affect the cycling of nutrients, such as carbon, nitrogen and
Phosphorus, in ecosystems. This can lead to changes in ecosystem productivity, water
quality, and greenhouse gas emissions.

Increase of Zoophytic Diseases

When animal species are lost from a habitat, disease transmission in that habitat
tends to increase. This subsequently increases the risk of a zoophytic disease
spilling over to humans. When more Habitats are destroyed the more the zoophytic
diseases spread to humans
Accelerated Extinction of Species
Through the human activities have been doing such as land-use change, over
exploitation, climate change, pollution and the introduction of invasive species, we
are causing an extinction acceleration that is at least tens to hundreds of times faster
than it otherwise would have been.

Loss of Clean and fresh air

After the activities humans have done such as deforestation and
forest fires the air in the atmosphere is now polluted but, the
biodiversity can help as the plants take carbon dioxide and
release oxygen into the air but because, of the biodiversity loss
now the air cannot be filtered anymore.
 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

International Organization – The united nations and other International bodies

emphasize that this problem have gone too far and they must stop the people from doing things that
can cause biodiversity loss and need to reduce greenhouse gas emission.

Scientists - Scientists who studies biodiversity Advocate for immediate action about this
Biodiversity loss problem and reduce deforestation and other critical action which causes this loss.

Environmental activists – Activists Around the world calls for more stronger
environmental politics And sustainable Practices to preserve the earth and protecting the
biodiversity.
NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Governments – Countries especially those countries who are near costal

areas and all . Invent Rules of not cutting down trees without permission and the
Brazilian government forbidden to cut down trees.

Local communities – Local communities and other communities who

are aware of this problem Push for more urgent and sufficient action.

Businesses – Some industries, such as renewable energy, support

climate action, while others, like fossil fuel companies, may resist changes that
affect their profits. So they may not support or help biodiversity loss because of
their business.
POTENTIAL COURSES OF 03
Ecological Restoration Ecological restoration,
ACTION or ecosystem restoration, is the process of the
recovery of an ecosystem that has been
01 damaged, or destroyed. It is distinct from
conservation in that it attempts to retroactively
Reforestation repair already damaged ecosystems rather than
Replanting forests or planting new forests with take preventative measures . Ecological
a diverse number of tree species can help to restoration can reverse biodiversity loss, combat
restore habitats and promote biodiversity of climate change, and support local economies.
both plant and animal species. Many animals
have lost their habitats due to urbanization and 04
deforestation for agricultural needs but with Protecting Local Habitats
reforestation we can fix the habitats. Protect local habitats and make wildlife
welcome where possible. We might not be able
to save the world, but we can help improve our
02 local areas and help endangered species
Climate Action
05
Taking proper actions about the environment is Limit Herbicides And Pesticides
needed. We have to move on and make better These chemicals harm wildlife and persist in the
environment, contaminating soils and the food
decisions such as reducing greenhouse gas
chain. We can use organic gardening methods
emissions and the Fuel factories Even. or use Eco-friendly alternatives like neem oil,
vinegar, or diatomaceous earth..
 CONCLUSION
• According to the research findings the loss biodiversity occurred due to
many reasons for example the biodiversity loss can impact on the ecosystem
sustainability , increase zoophytic diseases , and decrease the clean and
fresh air in the atmosphere. The main cause of biodiversity loss is us
humans we are the ones who started harming the biodiversity by causing
deforestation and climate change which have been recently affecting both
humans and animal species.

• We can stop it by to survive, human beings use and consume an increasing

number of natural resources reforestation, taking suitable climate action,
doing ecological restoration and protecting the local habitats.. The over
exploitation of the oceans, the destruction of forests and the pollution of the
environment and water are endangering the survival of all species.

• But if, biodiversity loss continue will threaten—in many places it is

already threatening—human flourishing and even human survival.
It also threatens the interests of non-human animals on a massive
scale
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Thanks
All About Biodiversity