Scribd
Upload
18 views10 pages

Power System Protection - PPTX 1

Uploaded by

sirsamashvin543
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views10 pages

Power System Protection - PPTX 1

Uploaded by

sirsamashvin543
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

PRESTIGE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND

RESEARCH BHOPAL

TOPIC NAME- CURRENT LIMITING REACTOR


SUB. CODE- EX-701
SUB. NAME- POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

STUDENT NAME- RAJESH LAVISKAR SUBMITTED TO


ENROLLMENT NO. – 0198EX211036 Dr. SHIV KUMAR SONKAR SIR
(ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT)
CURRENT LIMITING REACTOR
The current limiting reactor is an inductive coil having a large inductive reactances in
comparison to their resistance and is used for limiting short circuit currents during fault
conditions. Current-voltage reactors also reduced the voltage disturbances on the rest of the
system. It is installed in feeders and ties, in generators leads, and between bus sections, for
reducing the magnitude of short circuit currents and the effect of the respective voltage
disturbance.

Current reactor allows free interchange of power under normal condition, but when the fault
occurs the disturbance is restricted by the current reactor to the faulty section. As the
resistance of the system is very small as compared to their reactance. Hence, the efficiency of
the system is not much affected.

• Main Function of Current Limiting Reactor


The main purpose of the current limiting reactor is that its reactance should not decrease
when a large short current flows through its windings. When the fault current exceeds
about three times rated full-load current then large cross section iron cored reactor is
used for limiting the fault current. Because of the large cross-section area, the iron cored
reactor becomes very costly and heavy. Therefore, the air cored reactor is usually used
to limit the short circuit or fault current.
The iron-cored reactor produces hysteresis and eddy current loss due to which more power is
consumed as compared to air cored reactor. Normally, in an air cored reactor, the total losses
are of the order of 5% of KVA rating of the reactor.

• Functions of Current Limiting Reactor


1. Current reactor reduced the magnitude of voltage disturbances which is caused by
short circuits.

2. It limits the fault current to flow into the healthy feeders or parts of the system,
thereby avoiding the fault from spreading. This increase the chances of continuity of
supply.

3. Current limiting reactor reduces the flow of short circuit current so as to protect the
• appliances
Drawbacks fromof
mechanical stress and reactor
current limiting overheating.

1. The main drawbacks of the current limiting reactors are as follows.

2. When the reactor is installed on the network, the total percentage reactance of the
circuit increases.

3. It decreases the power factor and thus the regulation becomes poorer.
• Location of Reactors
at different location in a power system for reducing the short circuit current. These reactors
may be coReactors are located nnected in series with the generators, feeders or in bus-bars as
explained below.

• Generators Reactors
Generator reactors are inserted between the generator and the generator bus. Such reactors
protect the machines individually. In power station generator, reactors are installed along
with the generators. The magnitude of reactors is approximately about 0.05 per unit. The
main disadvantages of such type of reactors are that if the fault occurs on one feeder, then
the whole of the system will be adversely affected by it.
• Feeders Reactors
Reactors, which is connected in series with the feeder is called feeders reactor. When the
fault occurs on any one feeder, then the voltage drops occur only in its reactors and the bus
bar is not affected much. Hence the machines continue to supply the load. The other
advantage is that the fault occurs on a feeder will not affect the others feeders, and thus the
effects of fault are localized.

The disadvantage of such type of reactors is that it does not provide any protection to the
generators against short circuit faults occurs across the bus bars. Also, there is a constant
voltage drop and constant power loss in reactors during normal operating conditions.
• Bus-Bar Reactor
When the reactors are inserted in the bus bar, then it is called bus-bar reactors. The constant
voltage drop and constant power loss in reactors may be avoided by inserting the reactors in
the bus bars. The bus bar reactor for ring system and the tie system are explained below.

• Bus-Bar Reactors (Ring System)


Bus-bar reactors are used to tie together the separate bus sections. In this system sections are
made of generators and feeders and these sections are connected to each other to a common
bus bar. In such type of system normally one feeder is fed from one generator. In normal
operating conditions a small amount of power flows through the reactors. Therefore voltage drop
and the power loss in the reactor is low. The bus bar reactor, therefore, made with high ohmic
resistance so that there is not much voltage drop across it.
When the fault occurs on any one feeders, only one generator feeds the fault while the
current of the other generator is limited because of the presence of the bus-bar reactors.
The heavy current and voltage disturbances caused by a short circuit on a bus section are
reduced and restricted to that faulty section only. The only drawback of such type of
reactor is that it does not protect the generators connected to the faulty sections.

• Bus-bar Reactors (Tie-Bus System)


This is the modification of the above system. In tie-bus system, the generator is
connected to the common bus-bar through the reactors, and the feeder is fed from
generator side.
The operation of the system is similar to the ring system, but it has got additional
advantages.In this system, if the number of sections is increased, the fault current will not
exceed a certain value, which is fixed by the size of the individual reactors.
• When the fault occurs on any one feeders, only one generator feeds
the fault while the current of the other generator is limited because of
the presence of the bus-bar reactors. The heavy current and voltage
disturbances caused by a short circuit on a bus section are reduced
and restricted to that faulty section only. The only drawback of such
type of reactor is that it does not protect the generators connected to
the faulty sections.
THANK YOU

You might also like