Advanced Java Programming

(22517)

Event Handling
12 Marks
 Specific Objectives

 To write event driven programs using the delegation

event model.

 To write programs using adapter classes & the inner

classes.

2
 The Delegation Event Model
 Java adopts the so-called "Event-Driven" (or "Event-
Delegation") programming model for event-handling
 Provides standard mechanism for a source to generate an
event and send it to a set of listeners
 The listener simply waits until it receives an event.
 Once received, the listener processes the event and then
return.
 The AWT's event-handling classes are kept in package
java.awt.event.

3
There are mainly three parts in delegation event
model:
- Event Source – the class from which events are
generated when some change in the property of the
component
- Event Listeners – the classes which receive notifications
of events
- Event– defines the change in state in the event source
class.
 Event

 Event is an object that describes a state change in

a source.
 Generated when user is interacted with
components.
 Example: Pressing Button, Selecting item from list
etc.
 It can be also generated when timer expires, counter
value exceeds, software and hardware failure etc.

7
 Event Source
 Event Source is an object that generates an event.
 This occurs when the internal state of that object
changes.
 Sources may generate more than one type of
event.
 Sources must register listener so that listener will
receive notifications.
 For Register/add:

public void addTypeListener(TypeListener el)
 For remove:

public void removeTypeListener(TypeListener el)
8
 Event Listener

 Event Listener is an object that is notified when

an event occurs.
 When an event is fired, an event object is passed as an
argument to the relevant listener object method. The
listener object then handles the event.
 Two requirements:

It must have been registered with one or more sources
to receive notifications.

It must implement methods to receive and process
these notifications.

9
 Event Classes
 Event Classes are core of Java’s event handling
mechanism.
 EventObject is the root of the Java event class
hierarchy .
 EventObject is present in java.util.
 EventObject is the superclass for all events.
 Constructor: EventObject(Object src).
 EventObject class has defines two methods:

Object getSource( ) : method returns the source of
the event.

String toString( ) : returns string equivalent of the
event. 10
 Event Classes : AWTEvent

 AWTEvent is defined in java.awt package.

 AWTEvent is a subclass of EventObject.
 AWTEvent is the superclass of all AWT-based events.
 getID( ) method can be used to determine the type of
the event.
 Syntax: int getID()

 Summarize:
 EventObject is a superclass of all events.
 AWTEvent is a superclass of all AWT events that are 11
 To Summarize:
 EventObject is a superclass of all events.

 AWTEvent is a superclass of all AWT events that

are handled by the delegation event model.

12
 Summary
 Event Source – Event Source is an object that
generates an event.

 Event Listeners – the interfaces which receive

notifications of events
Listener is an object that is notified when an event
occurs.

 Event Object – the class object which describes the

event.
Event is an object that describes a state change in
a source
13
 Event Classes : Different classes
 ActionEvent
 AdjustmentEvent
 ComponentEvent
 ContainerEvent
 FocusEvent
 ItemEvent
 KeyEvent
 MouseEvent
 TextEvent
 WindowEvent
15
AWT event
hierarchy
 ActionEvent
 Generated when a button is pressed, a list item
is double-clicked, or a menu item is selected.
 There is only one action event type,
ACTION_PERFORMED
 ActionEvent class defines four integer constants that
can be used to identify any modifiers associated with an
action event:

ALT_MASK, (8)

CTRL_MASK, (2)

META_MASK, (4)

SHIFT_MASK. (1)
11
 ActionEvent
 Constructors:

ActionEvent(Object src, int type, String cmd)

ActionEvent(Object src, int type, String cmd, int modifiers)

ActionEvent(Object src, int type, String cmd, long when, int
modifiers)


src: object which generate event

type: type of event

cmd: Command string

modifiers: which modifier key

when: when the event occurred

18
 ActionEvent
 getActionCommand() used to get command name.
 int getModifiers() used to get modifier key.
 long getWhen( ) used to get when event is
generated.

19
 ItemEvent Class
 ItemEvent is generated when a check box or a list
item is clicked or when a checkable menu item is
selected or deselected.
 Item events:

DESELECTED The user deselected an item.

SELECTED The user selected an item.

ITEM_STATE_CHANGED that signifies a change of state.
 Constructor:

ItemEvent(ItemSelectable src, int type, Object entry, int
state)

20
 ItemEvent Class
 Constructor:

ItemEvent(ItemSelectable src, int type, Object item, int state)

src
The object that generated the event.
type
The type ID of the event.
item
The item whose state is changing.
state
Either SELECTED or DESELECTED

21
 ComponentEvent class
 A ComponentEvent is generated when the size,
position, or visibility of a component is changed.
 There are four types of component events

COMPONENT_HIDDEN The component was hidden.

COMPONENT_MOVED The component was moved.

COMPONENT_RESIZED The component was resized.

COMPONENT_SHOWN The component became
visible.

Constructor:

ComponentEvent(Component src, int type)

22
 ContainerEvent class
 ContainerEvent is generated when a component
is added to or removed from a container.
 Two Constants defined

COMPONENT_ADDED and

COMPONENT_REMOVED
 Subclass of ComponentEvent Class
 Constructor:

ContainerEvent(Component src, int type, Component
comp)

23
 FocusEvent class
 FocusEvent is generated when a component gains or
loses input focus.
 Two constants defined:

FOCUS_GAINED and FOCUS_LOST.
 Subclass of ComponentEvent Class
 Constructors:

FocusEvent(Component src, int type)

FocusEvent(Component src, int type, boolean
temporaryFlag)

Focus Event(Component src, int type, boolean
temporaryFlag, Component other)
 isTemporary( ) method indicates if this focus change is 24
 KeyEvent Class
 KeyEvent is generated when keyboard input occurs.
 There are three types of key events:

KEY_PRESSED,

KEY_RELEASED, and

KEY_TYPED
 Constructor:

KeyEvent(Component src, int type, long when, int modifiers,
int code)

KeyEvent(Component src, int type, long when, int modifiers,
int code, char ch)

25
 KeyEvent Class
 There are many other integer constants that are defined
by KeyEvent.

 VK_0 through VK_9 and VK_A through VK_Z define

the ASCII equivalents of the numbers and letters.

 VK_ENTER VK_ESCAPE VK_CANCEL

VK_UP VK_DOWN VK_LEFT VK_RIGHT
VK_PAGE_DOWN VK_PAGE_UP
VK_ALT VK_CONTROL VK_SHIFT

26
 MouseEvent Class
 Eight types of mouse events.
 Direct subclass of InputEvent Class and indirect
subclass of ComponentEvent Class
 The MouseEvent class defines the following integer
constants

MOUSE_CLICKED The user clicked the mouse.

MOUSE_ENTERED The mouse entered a component.

MOUSE_PRESSED The mouse was pressed.

MOUSE_RELEASED The mouse was released.

MOUSE_EXITED The mouse exited from a component.

MOUSE_MOVED The mouse moved.

MOUSE_DRAGGED The user dragged the mouse.

MOUSE_WHEEL The mouse wheel was moved
27
 MouseEvent Class
 MouseEvent is a subclass of InputEvent.
 Constructor:

MouseEvent(Component src, int type, long when, int
modifiers, int x, int y, int clicks, boolean triggersPopup)

28
 TextEvent Class
 These are generated by text fields and text areas when
characters are entered by a user or program.
 TextEvent defines the integer constant
TEXT_VALUE_CHANGED.
 Constructor:

TextEvent(Object src, int type)

29
 WindowEvent Class
 There are ten types of window events.
 Subclass of ComponentEvent
 WindowEvent class defines integer constants:
 WINDOW_ACTIVATED The window was activated.
 WINDOW_CLOSED The window has been closed.
 WINDOW_CLOSING The user requested that the window be closed.
 WINDOW_DEACTIVATED The window was deactivated.
 WINDOW_DEICONIFIED The window deiconified (min => Normal).
 WINDOW_GAINED_FOCUS The window gained input focus.
 WINDOW_ICONIFIED The window was iconified(Normal=>min)
 WINDOW_LOST_FOCUS The window lost input focus.
 WINDOW_OPENED The window was opened.
 WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED The state of the window changed.

30
 WindowEvent Class
 WindowEvent is a subclass of ComponentEvent.


WindowEvent(Window src, int type, Window other)

WindowEvent(Window src, int type, int fromState, int toState)

WindowEvent(Window src, int type, Window other, int
fromState, int toState)

31
 AdjustmentEvent Class
 AdjustmentEvent is a subclass of AWTEvent.
 Constructor
 AdjustmentEvent ( Adjustable source, int id, int type,
int value)
 AdjustmentEvent ( Adjustable source, int id, int type,
int value, boolean isAdjusting)

32
 AdjustmentEvent Class
ADJUSTMENT_FIRST
Marks the first integer id for the range of adjustment event ids.
ADJUSTMENT_LAST
Marks the last integer id for the range of adjustment event ids.
ADJUSTMENT_VALUE_CHANGED
The adjustment value changed event.
BLOCK_DECREMENT
The block decrement adjustment type.
BLOCK_INCREMENT
The block increment adjustment type.
TRACK
The absolute tracking adjustment type.
UNIT_DECREMENT
The unit decrement adjustment type.
UNIT_INCREMENT
The unit increment adjustment type.

33
 AdjustmentEvent class
 Methods

Object getAdjustable ()
Returns the Adjustable object where this event originated.
int getAdjustmentType ()
Returns the type of adjustment which caused the value changed
event.
int getValue ()
Returns the current value in the adjustment event.

boolean getValuesAdjusting ()
Returns true if this is one of multiple adjustment events.
String paramString ()
Returns a string representing the state of this Event
 Adapter Class
 An adapter class provides an empty implementation
of all methods in an event listener interface.
 Adapter classes are useful when you want to receive and
process only some of the events that are handled by a
particular event listener interface.

36
 Adapter Class : Different Classes
 ComponentAdapter ComponentListener
 ContainerAdapter ContainerListener
 FocusAdapter FocusListener
 KeyAdapter KeyListener
 MouseAdapter MouseListener
 MouseMotionAdapter MouseMotionListener
 WindowAdapter WindowListener

37
 Inner Class
 Inner class is class which defined in another class.
 In inner classes, the Adapter class will defined in same
class.
 No need of passing reference of object as it is in same
scope.
 Ex.

38
 Anonymous Inner Class
 An anonymous inner class is one that is not assigned a
name.

39
 Event Listeners Interfaces
 Event Delegation Model has two parts: Sources and
Listeners.
 When event generated, then event source invoked
appropriate method defined by interface.

40
 Action Listener Interface

 Defines one method to receive action events.


void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)

41
 ComponentListener Interface
 Defines four methods to recognize when a component is
hidden, moved, resized, or shown.

void componentResized(ComponentEvent ce)

void componentMoved(ComponentEvent ce)

void componentShown(ComponentEvent ce)

void componentHidden(ComponentEvent ce)

42
 ContainerListener Interface
 Defines two methods to recognize when a component is
added to or removed from a container.

void componentAdded(ContainerEvent ce)

void componentRemoved(ContainerEvent ce)

43
 FocusListener Interface
 Defines two methods to recognize when a component
gains or loses keyboard focus.

void focusGained(FocusEvent fe)

void focusLost(FocusEvent fe)

44
 ItemListener Interface
 Defines one method to recognize when the state of an
item changes.

void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent ie)

45
 KeyListener Interface
 Defines three methods to recognize when a key is
pressed, released, or typed.

void keyPressed(KeyEvent ke)

void keyReleased(KeyEvent ke)

void keyTyped(KeyEvent ke)

46
 MouseListener Interface
 Defines five methods to recognize when the mouse is
clicked, enters a component, exits a component, is
pressed, or is released.

void mouseClicked(MouseEvent me)

void mouseEntered(MouseEvent me)

void mouseExited(MouseEvent me)

void mousePressed(MouseEvent me)

void mouseReleased(MouseEvent me)

47
 MouseMotionListener Interface
 Defines two methods to recognize when the mouse is
dragged or moved.

void mouseDragged(MouseEvent me)

void mouseMoved(MouseEvent me)

48
 TextListener Interface
 Defines one method to recognize when a text value
changes.

void textValueChanged(TextEvent te)

49
 WindowFocusListener Interface
 Defines two methods to recognize when a window gains
or loses input focus

void windowGainedFocus(WindowEvent we)

void windowLostFocus(WindowEvent we)

50
 WindowListener Interface
 Defines seven methods to recognize:

void windowActivated(WindowEvent we)

void windowClosed(WindowEvent we)

void windowClosing(WindowEvent we)

void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent we)

void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent we)

void windowIconified(WindowEvent we)

void windowOpened(WindowEvent we)

51
 AdjustmentListener Interface
 Defines one methods to recognize when the value of the
adjustable has changed :
void adjustmentValueChanged(AdjustmentEvent e)

52