Chapter 2

Swing
Marks: 10
Introduction to Swing
 Swing is set of classes which provides more
powerful and flexible components as compare to
AWT.
 Swing is a part of JFC (Java Foundation Classes)
 JFC are a set of GUI components which simplify
the development of desktop applications.
 Build on top of AWT API and acts as
replacement of AWT API.
 Swing Components are implemented using Java
and so they are platform independent.
 Called lightweight components
 Swing supports pluggable look and
feel.
 Package : javax.swing.*
Introduction to
Swing
Difference Between AWT & Swing
No. Java AWT Java Swing
Java swing components
AWT components are
1) are platform-
platform-dependent.
independent.
AWT components are Swing components are
2)
heavyweight. lightweight.
AWT doesn't support Swing supports
3) pluggable look and pluggable look and
feel. feel.
Swing provides more
powerful
AWT provides less components such as
4) components than tables, lists,
Swing. scrollpanes,
colorchooser,
tabbedpane etc.

AWT doesn't follows

5) MVC(Model View Swing follows MVC.
Controller
 Important Classes by Swing
 Abstract Button
 ButtonGroup
 ImageIcon
 JApplet
 JButton
 JCheckBox
 JComboBox
 JLabel
 JRadioButton
 JScrollPane
 JTabbedPane
 JTable
 JTextField
 JTree
 JApplet
 The JApplet class extends the Applet class
 JApplet supports various “panes,” such as the
content pane, the glass pane, and the root
pane.
 Components are added to the
content pane of the JApplet object.
 content pane can be obtained
via Call
Container getContentPane( )
 The add( ) method of Container can
be used to add a component to a
content pane.
 default layout for JApplet is BorderLayout
 JFrame
 The JFrame class extends the Frame class
 Components are added to the
content pane of the JFrame
object.
 content pane can be obtained
via Call
Container getContentPane( )
 The add( ) method of Container
can be used to add a component
to a content pane.
 default layout for JFrame is BorderLayout
 For JFrame close operation:
setDefaultCloseOperation()
 Parameters:
 DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE

 EXIT_ON_CLOSE


 JLabel
 Small display area for text, image or both.
 Extends JComponent.
 Constructors:
 JLabel()

 JLabel(Icon i)

 JLabel(String s)

 JLabel(String s, Icon i, int align)

align argument is either LEFT, RIGHT, CENTER,

 methods:
 Icon getIcon( )
 String getText( )
 void setIcon(Icon i)
 void setText(String s)
 ImageIcon
 Icon is small fixed size picture,
typically used to decorate
components.
 ImageIcon is an implementation of
the Icon interface that paints icons
from images.
 Constructors:
 ImageIcon(String filename)

 ImageIcon(URL url)

 methods
 int getIconHeight( )

 int getIconWidth( )
 JTextField
java.lang.Object
java.awt.Component
java.awt.Container
javax.swing.JComponent
javax.swing.text.JTextComponent
javax.swing.JTextField

•Allows us to edit single line of text

•Constructors:
JTextField( )
JTextField(int cols)
JTextField(String s, int cols)
JTextField(String s)

•Methods:
 String getText( )

 void setText(String s)
 AbstractButton
 Swing provide Icon with Button text.
 Swing buttons are subclasses of the AbstractButton
class, which extends JComponent.
 AbstractButton contains many methods that allow us
to
control the behavior of buttons, check boxes, and
radio buttons

 Methods to control the behavior:

void setDisabledIcon(Icon di)
void setPressedIcon(Icon pi)
void setSelectedIcon(Icon si)
void setRolloverIcon(Icon di)

 Methods
 String getText( )

 void setText(String s)
 JButton
 Constructors:
 JButton(Icon i)

 JButton(String s)

 JButton(String s, Icon i)

 Methods
 String getText( )

 void setText(String s)

 ActionEvent is generated.
 ActionListener interface is needed to handle
ActionEvent.
 Public actionPerformed() used to override.
 JCheckBox
java.lang.Object
java.awt.Component
java.awt.Container
javax.swing.JCo
mponent
javax.swing.AbstractButton
javax.swing.JToggleButton
javax.swing.JCheckBox
•Immediate superclass is JToggleButton

•Constructor:
JCheckBox()
JCheckBox(Icon i)
JCheckBox(Icon i, boolean state)
JCheckBox(String s)
JCheckBox(String s, boolean state)
JCheckBox(String s, Icon i)
JCheckBox(String s, Icon i, boolean state)
 JCheckBox
 Methods
 String getText( )

 void setText(String s)

 void setSelected(boolean state)

 ItemEvent is generated.
 ItemListener interface is needed to handle ItemEvent.
 Public itemStateChnaged() used to override.
 JRadioButton
java.lang.Object
java.awt.Component
java.awt.Container
javax.swing.JComponent
javax.swing.AbstractButton
javax.swing.JToggleButton
javax.swing.JRadioButton

•Immediate superclass is JToggleButton

•Constructor:
JRadioButton()
JRadioButton(Icon i)
JRadioButton(Icon i, boolean state)
JRadioButton(String s)
JRadioButton(String s, boolean state)
JRadioButton(String s, Icon i)
JRadioButton(String s, Icon i, boolean state)
 JRadioButton
 ButtonGroup class is used to add radio button in group.
 ActionEvent is generated.
 ActionListener Listener interface is needed to handle
ActionEvent.
 public void actionPerofrmed() used to override.

 Methods
 String getText( )

 void setText(String s)
 JComboBox
 Combination of text field and drop down list.
 Subclass of JComponent
 Only one entry can view at a time.
 Constructor:
 JComboBox( )

 JComboBox(Vector v)

 void addItem(Object obj): Used to add object in

Combobox

JComboBox: EventHandling
 ItemEvent is generated.
 Implements ItemListener interface
 Override: itemStateChnaged(ItemEvent ie) method
defined by ItemListener.
 e
 A tabbed pane is a component that appears as a
group of folders in a file cabinet.
 Each folder has a title.
 When a user selects a folder, its contents
become visible.
 Only one of the folders may be selected at a
time.
 Tabbed panes are commonly used for
setting configuration options.
 Subclass of JComponent

 Constructor:
JTabbedPane()
JTabbedPane(in tabPlacement)
values of tabPlacement: TOP,BOTTOM,
 e
 Tabs are defined via the following method :
 void addTab(String str, Component comp)

Str: title of pane

Comp: component, it can be Jpanel

 Steps to create JTabbedPane:

1.Create a JTabbedPane object.
2.Call addTab( ) to add a tab to the pane. Tab is
created by extending JPanel class.
3.Repeat step 2 for each tab.
4.Add the tabbed pane to the content pane of the
Japplet or JFrame
 JScrollPane
 A scroll pane is a component that presents a
rectangular area in which a component may be
viewed.
 Horizontal and/or vertical scroll bars may be provided
if
necessary.
 Subclass of JComponent
 Constructor:
 JScrollPane()

 JScrollPane(Component comp)

 JScrollPane(int vsb, int hsb)

 JScrollPane(Component comp, int vsb, int hsb)

 Comp: Component, vsb and hsb: Scrollbar constant

 JScrollPane
vsb and hsb are constants defined by
ScrollPaneConstants
 HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS
 HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED
 VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS
 VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED

 Steps to use JScrollPane:

1.Create a JComponent object.
2.Create a JScrollPane object.
3.Add Jcomponent object to JScrollPane object
4.Add the scroll pane to the content pane of the
Japplet or JFrame

.
 JTree
 A tree is a component that presents a hierarchical view of
data.
 Trees are implemented in Swing by the JTree class, which
extends JComponent.
 Constructors:
 JTree(Hashtable ht)

 JTree(Object obj[ ])

 JTree(TreeNode tn)

 JTree(Vector v)
 JTree
 The TreeNode interface declares methods that
obtain information about a tree node.
 The MutableTreeNode interface extends TreeNode. It
declares methods that can insert and remove child nodes
or change the parent node.
 The DefaultMutableTreeNode class implements the
MutableTreeNode interface. It represents a node in a
tree.
 Constructor:
DefaultMutableTreeNode(Object obj)
 To create a hierarchy of tree nodes, the add( ) method of
DefaultMutableTreeNode can be used.
void add(MutableTreeNode child)
 JTree
 A JTree object generates events when a node is
expanded or collapsed.
 Tree Expansion event described by class:
 TreeExpansionEvent (Package: javax.swing.event)

 The addTreeExpansionListener( ) and

removeTreeExpansionListener( ) methods allow
listeners to register and unregister for these notifications.
 Signature for these methods:
 void addTreeExpansionListener(TreeExpansionListener tel)
 void removeTreeExpansionListener(TreeExpansionListener
tel)
 TreeExpansionListener interface provides the following
two methods
 void treeCollapsed(TreeExpansionEvent tee)

 void treeExpanded(TreeExpansionEvent tee)

 JTree
 The getPath( ) method of this class returns a
TreePath.
 TreePath getPath( )

 TreePath getPathForLocation(int x, int y):

TreePath object that encapsulates information about
the tree node that was selected by the user.
 Steps to create Jtree:

1. Create a JTree object.

2. Create a JScrollPane object.
3.Add the tree to the scroll pane.
4.Add the scroll pane to the content pane of the applet.
 JTable
 A table is a component that displays rows and
columns of data.
 Subclass of JComponent
 Constructor:
 JTable(Object data[ ][ ], Object colHeads[ ])

 data is a two-dimensional array of the information

 colHeads is a one-dimensional array with the

column headings.

 Steps to create Jtable

1. Create a JTable object.

2. Create a JScrollPane object.
3.Add the table to the scroll pane.
4.Add the scroll pane to the content pane of the JApplet
or JFrame
 JSeparator
 It inherits JComponent class.
 used to draw a line to separate widgets in
a Layout.
 provides a horizontal or vertical dividing
line or empty space.
 most commonly used in menus and tool
bars
 Menus and toolbars provides methods that create and
add separator
 For ex:
menu.add(menuitem1);
menu.add(menuitem2);
menu.addSeparator();
menu.add(menuitem3);
menu.add(menuitem4);
 JSeparator
 Constructors
JSeparator() : Create a horizontal separator.
JSeparator(int orientation) : Create a
horizontal or vertical separator.
 Orientation is defined by SwingConstants

 SwingConstants.HORIZONTAL

 SwingConstants.VERTICAL

 Methods:
void setOrientation(int orientation )
int getOrientation()
 JToolTip
 Used to display a "Tip" for a Component
 Any Swing component can use the
setToolTipText() method to specify the text for
a standard tooltip.
 For ex:
JButton b1=new JButton(“Submit”);
b1.setToolTipText(“Click this button to store your data”);
Or
b1.setToolTipText(“<html>Click this button <br> to
store your data </html>”);

 Methods:
 void setToolTipText(“String str)
 String getToolTipText()
JProgressBar
visually displays the progress of some
specified task
Shows percentage of completion of
specified task
Constructor:
1. JProgressBar()
2. JProgressBar(int orientation)
SwingConstants.VERTICAL
SwingConstants.HORIZONTAL
3. JProgressBar(int min, int max) :
4. JProgressBar(int orientation, int
min, int max)
JProgressBar Methods
int getMaximum()
int getMinimum()
String getString()
void setMaximum(int n)
void setMinimum(int n)
void setValue(int n)
void setString(String s)
Void setStringPainted(boolean painted)
Introduction to MVC
 Swing component follows a Model-View-
Controller architecture
 Swing actually makes use of a simplified
variant of the MVC design called the model-
delegate .
 100 % Java implementations of components.
 Use MVC architecture.
 Model represents the data

 View as a visual representation of the data

 Controller takes input and translates it to

changes in data
 MVC
Architecture
 Software design pattern for software development.
 Model:
 The model encompasses the state data for each

component.
 Database and logic.

 View:
 The view refers to how you see the component

on the screen
 User Interface

 Controller:
 dictates how the component interacts with

events
 controller is responsible for handling

events on the component

 Communication logic/integration logic
MVC
Architecture(Basic)
Modified MVC
Architecture
MVC Architecture :
Scrollbar example