Pronouns

What is a pronoun?
I
Zamir
me
us
you
themselves
who
that
Personal pronoun
• I/me
• she/her
-The new student will arrive today. They will need a
• he/him
seating assignment and a name tag.
• they/them
• It
-My family loves nachos. We make them every Friday
• we/us
for movie night.
• you
Relative pronouns
• that -The woman who called earlier didn’t

• what leave a message.
• which -All the dogs that got adopted today will
• who be loved.
• whom -My car, which is nearly twenty years old,
still runs well.
Who vs. whom—subject and
object pronouns
• Knowing when to use who and when to use whom trips a lot of
writers up. The difference is actually pretty simple: Who is for the
subject of a sentence or clause, and whom is for the object
of a verb or preposition. Here are a couple of a quick examples:
• Who mailed this package?
• To whom was this package sent?
Demonstrative pronouns
This is used for singular items that are nearby. These is used for
multiple items that are nearby.
• She looked at the envelope and said“This has no return address, we
better add one.”
• What a fantastic idea! This is the best thing I’ve heard all day.
• If you think gardenias smell nice, try smelling these.
• That is used for singular items that are farther away. Those is used for
multiple items that are farther away(the distance can be physical or
metaphorical.)
• “That would be a nice place to live,” they said, pointing at the large
house.
• Some new flavors of soda came in last week. Why don’t you try some
of those?
• Those aren’t swans, they’re geese.
Indefinite pronouns one
• Indefinite pronouns are used to refer other
generally to a person or thing that doesn’t none
need to be specifically identified or has some
already been mentioned.
anybody
everybody
no one
Everybody was late to work because of
the traffic jam.
It matters more to some than to others.
Nobody knows the trouble I’ve seen.
Reflexive pronouns
• Reflexive pronouns are
forms of personal pronounsShe checked herself out of the hotel
that end in –self or –selves:
• myself thirty minutes before checkout
• yourself time.
• himself Lola made herself a smoothie to
• herself
• itself
bring to class.
• oneself Take care of yourselves.
• ourselves
• yourselves
Possessive pronouns
• Possessive pronouns are sometimes called independent possessive

pronouns or absolute possessive pronouns. They show possession of a
noun by replacing it. They look like this:
• mine
• yours
• ours
• his
• hers
• theirs
• its
T
E
N
S
E
S
FUTURE
PAST PRESENT
I helped my neighbor I help my neighbor every I will help my neighbor
Simple
yesterday. day. tomorrow.
I had helped my neighbor I have helped my I will have helped my
Perfect clean his attic before I neighbor too much this neighbor a hundred times
fixed his car. week. by the end of the month.
I was helping my I am helping my neighbor I will be helping my
Continuous neighbor when he while he fixes up his neighbor next month
brought me iced tea. house. when he moves.
I had been helping my I have been helping my I will have been
Perfect continuous neighbor for a year before neighbor since I moved helping my neighbor for a
he finally thanked me. in. year next month.
• so far / up to now / till now / to date (şimdiye kadar / bugüne kadar) PRESENT PERFECT
• in 1990 / between 1990 and 2010 / during the Ottoman Empire / during the WWII PAST
SIMPLE
• this time tomorrow (yarın bu zamanlar) FUTURE (Simple / Cont.)
• recently / lately / in recent times (son zamanlarda) PRESENT PERFECT
• for the last two years, over the past three decades (FIDOW + the last/the past + süreç)
PRESENT PERFECT
• previously / formerly / earlier / in the past (eskiden / geçmişte / önceden) SIMPLE PAST
• once (bir zamanlar) SIMPLE PAST
• currently / presently / now / at present (şimdi / bugünlerde) SIMPLE PRESENT / PRESENT
CONT.
• That pen isn’t ___ . ___ is a green one.
• A) my/my B) his/he C) mine/mine
• D) I/me E) her/its
• Have you heard that a friend of ___ went to Vietnam
• A) my B) mine C) her D) their E) its
• She always thinks of ___ happiness.
• A) another B) others C) other
• D) another’s E) others’

Pronouns

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Pronouns

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What is a pronoun?

• that -The woman who called earlier didn’t

• Possessive pronouns are sometimes called independent possessive

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