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Computer Networking

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11 views

Computer Networking

Uploaded by

sabharwalneha2006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPUTER

NETWORKING.
A PRESENTATION BY – JATIN SABHARWAL.
What is Network ?
◦A network is a collection of computer or devices connected to
share information and resources with each other.
Types of Computer Network.
◦ Based on geographical area, across which the computer networks spread, it can be

classified as follows :-
◦ PAN (Personal Area Network)
◦ LAN (Local Area Network)
◦ MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
◦ WAN (Wide Area Network)
PAN(Personal Area Network)
◦ This type of network is used to provide connectivity to devices like- printer,
scanner, smartphone, tablet etc. belonging to an individual . The coverage area of
this network is very small and is in the range of just 5 to 10 meters only.
LAN(Local Area Network)
◦ This type of network is spread within a small geographical area like a room, office,
building or a campus. All the computers in LAN are connected through cables or
wireless links for communication .The number of computers in LAN can vary from
two to several hundred computers . Due to the small geographical area covered by
LAN, the communication speed is faster. Generally, it spreads in the area of 0 to 10
km. The cost involved in setting up the LAN is low as compared to larger networks.
MAN (Metropolitan Area
Network)
◦ This is larger network as compared to LAN. It covers a city. The communication
medium is used to connect the computers in MAN is similar to that in LAN. As it
covers a larger geographical area , the cost involved in setting up a MAN is much
higher than LAN. The size of a MAN can range from 10 to 50 km.
WAN (Wide Area Network)
◦ This type of network covers a very large geographical area across a country or
continent. WAN is generally established by a large organization, having offices
spread across the country or continent. WAN is connected through telephone lines,
satellites, and wireless media. Because of the widespread area of WAN covers, the
data transfer rate is slower than other type of networks. Railway reservation
system, airlines reservation system and ATMs are some examples of WAN. The
largest example of WAN is the internet .
Network Topology.
◦ The way of connecting different computers in a network is known as topology. It
refers to the way in which the nodes of a network are linked together physically.
Types of Topologies.
◦ There are three basic topologies :-
◦ Star Topology
◦ Ring Topology
◦ Bus topology
Star Topology.
◦ In a star topology, all the nodes are connected to a central system called switch,
which forwards data towards its destination.
Ring Topology.
◦ In a ring topology, all the nodes are connected in a closed loop. Each device is
connected to the other two on either side. Data travels only in a one direction in a
ring. Each computer passes the data to the next one.
Bus Topology.
◦ In a bus topology, all the nodes are connected to the central cable called bus.
Transmission from any node travels the length of the bus in both directions and can
be received by all other nodes. The bus has terminators at either ends which
prevent bouncing of signals.

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