Scribd
Upload
30 views7 pages

Module 1 - Introduction and Definition

Uploaded by

zedbored0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
30 views7 pages

Module 1 - Introduction and Definition

Uploaded by

zedbored0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids

Aldehydes, Ketones &


Carboxylic acids
Preparation of aldehydes - I
Introduction & Definition of Carbonyl group

Structure of Carbonyl group


Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids
What are the carbonyl
compounds? Carbonyl Aldehydes and Ketones are
oxygen known as carbonyl compounds
sp 2

O
sp2
C
Carbonyl
carbon
Carbonyl group
Carbonyl compounds are those
organic compounds which
contains carbonyl group.
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids

A group in which a carbon atom is attached


A group in which a carbon atom is
to oxygen atom by a double bond and
attached to oxygen atom by a remaining
double bond
two valencies of carbon atom are
O free is called carbonyl group.
Remaining two valencies of carbon atom
are free
C

Carbonyl
group
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids
O
There are three ||
basic compounds
O O O C

|
|
Carbonyl group
R C OH R C R R C H
Carboxylic acid Ketone Aldehyde Acid
Derivatives

O O O

R C X R C O C R
O Acyl halide O Acid anhydride
R C OR R C NH2
Ester Amide
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids
They add fragrance and flavour to nature,
Aldehydes, ketones and
Example They play an important
carboxylic acids are role in biochemical
1. Vanillin from vanilla
widespread in plants and beans
processes of life.
2. Salicylaldehyde
animal kingdom.
3. Cinnamaldehyde
CHO

CHO CH=CH-CHO
CHO
OCH3
OH
vanillin salicylaldehyde cinnamaldehyde
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids

Structure of Carbonyl group

sp2

:
120 0 C O:

 0
1 20

Geometry : Triangular planar


Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids

More
Polarization is the reason
electronegative
Dipolar ion for reactivity of aldehydes
+ & ketones

: :
:
C O
: :
C O

Electrophilic Nucleophilic
(lewis acid) (lewis base)

As oxygen is more electronegative


than carbon atom, the carbonyl
group is polar & show large dipole
moment.

You might also like