What is psychology?

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
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 T he s
of t he c i e nt i f i c
ment b e s
ha vi o t udy
i n di v a l p u
r o c e s r a nd
it i s a i d u a s
l s, a n e s of
organ ffected b d how
st a t e , i s m ’s phy an y
a nd e m e n t a l s si c a l
e nv i r x t e r t
na l a t e ,
onm e
nt .
© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,
InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  The
sy st e
of kn matic
owle acqui
gy is
 Acq d ge si t i on

c
u i sit i
ntifi
limite on o f
d to o kn ow
is EM bserv ledge
h o lo

PIRIC ation is
 Exp s Thi
Scie
AL d s
erime ata.
to tes nts ar
t hy p e o ft e
P sy c

are m othes n us e
anipu es - v d
meas lated ariab
ured. and les

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
 Pop psychology or
psychobabble
 Unfounded opinions
based on popular
beliefs. Often called
“urban legend.”
 Pseudo-science, e.g.
psychics or
’rebirthing therapy’

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  G iv
compes simple
 Bas lex issuesanswers to
p
pop u o
rottseend on bel o
is P o

l a r?
gy s rotten childh iefs: if y
 Loo life ood, you’ollu have a
yoursking for have
a
h olo

e w a
Why

l
perfe f.” Ho ys to
succe ct lover w to be “help
 Loo ssful and; Hl ow tocbome the
failurking for ive lo e
P sy c

e r e nger.
s
succe and v sons a
 Con sses/goodalidationfoor our
and pfirms our traits f ou r
rejud
ices existing b
eliefs

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Scie
e
chall ntific psyc
and s enges our hology
unde eeks to d existing
psy c n ti fic
gy
behavrstanding eepen ou beliefs
 Inv iour. of humanr
h o lo e
theorstigates as
meth ies using sumption
S cie

analy ods (data empirica s and

 Ver sis) colle
ction
l
and
ificat
evide ion of
 Pub nce/reliabili
licati ty of
in jou on of resea
rnals resea rc h
and p rch re
eer re sults
view

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
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You are now going to see 12 commonly
held beliefs. Your task is to guess whether
it is supported by science or not.

If you think that it is, what would be the

evidence?

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  1. C
old
mak wea
es y ther
ou s
ick

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  No
. In s
tran tudi
ther
smis es o

ic k
w ho sion f co l
are , peo d
mor chill p
ou s e lik ed a le
than ely t re n
w ea

t h o g e o
not. ose t sic
It m w ho w k
co l d ay b ere
wea e
ther that
es y

peop
le in keep
Col d

germ door s
s ar s, w
to ca e mo here
tch u re lik
ma k

p wi ely
th y
o u.
© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,
InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  We
are
brai eith
n or er le
lear r ig h ft
ners t br
ain

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  No.
Brai
expe n sc
rime an

rain
the
two nts show

rs
brai hal v
es o that
arne
ft b n ar f the
intri e mu
cate ch m
w as l y l in ore
er le
n le
orig ked
so p inall than
roble y th
crea m-so ought
brai
eith

tive l v i n ,
activ task g or
ity in s fire
both r up
ight

e g
are

h em i on s
the
brai isphere of
n. s of
or r
We

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  You
lose
you
r bo most o
thro dy h f
ug h eat
you
r he
ad.

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
 t of
t  The
r
thro dy hea
y ou
d.
re is
mos

spec noth
hea and
i al a
bou t
i ng
heat
u gh

the
lose loss. head
heat
r bo

You
lose

unco t w i ll
vere hrough
d bo any
dy p
art.
you
You

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Ma
rrie
hav d co
e be up l e
live tter s
s th sex
peo a
ple. n singl
e

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Ma
rried
typic peop
i n a al l y h a v l e
s i n g s ex l i v s
es
u pl e sing given ye e more

l e.
le pe ar th sex
surv opl e an
eop
e
mar y, 43 p In one .
d co

ried erce
havi m e n nt o
n
time g sex t reporte f
le p

com s per wewo to th d

h av M ar r i e
t te r

perc pared to ek, ree

The ent of s only 26
e be

n u m i n gl e
sligh bers men
t
simi ly lowe were .
t ha n

l ar f
o r w r bu t
ome
n.
© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,
InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Mil
km
phle ake
gmy s you
.

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  In a
patiestudy o
of th nts, ne f 330
incre ree bel arly tw

p hl e ou
g my
prod ases p ieved mo out
true uction. hlegm ilk
es y
volu . In one But it’s
infecnteers experi not
virus ted witwere ment,
dran , and s h the c
ma k

well k a lot ome of old

nasa. The w of milk them
incre l secre eight o as
dran ase in tions di f the
was k more those wd not
Mi l k

coug it asso milk, n ho

h or ciate or
co n g d
estiowith
n.
© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,
InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Bra
in G
Mak ame
e Yo s Do
u Sm Not
arte
r

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  True
aged . More
play 18 to than 8
desi online 60 wer ,600 pe

ot
imprgned b brain g e asked ople

r
reas ove they the re ames to

ar t e
Do N leas oning a ir memsearch
timet 10 mi nd othe ory, ers to
com s a weenutes a r skills
peoppared t k. The day, th for at
u Sm
brai le who o more y were ree
M a k a m es

simi n game didn't than 2

the lar amo s, but s play an ,700
geneInterne unt of pent a y
Rese ral knot and antime su
e Yo

who archer wledge swerin rfing

in G

do a did thes said t questi g

six wny bett brain the peopons.
simp eeks t er on th raining le
ly be han p e te d
B ra

en o eopl st aftidn't
n th e e
e Int who har
erne d
t.
© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,
InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Sug
ar m
hyp ake
er s ki
ds

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Num
show erous s
s u tudi
affec gar es

ds
d
mos t behav oesn’t

er
s ki beliet parent ior, but
s
hyp stud v e this. don’t
told y, paren In one
ake

suga their kid ts were

mor r and th s had
e lik
ely t ey were
ar m

prob
but lem beh o report
i
had n reality avior —
c
suga onsum , the kid
Sug

r-fre ed a s
e dr
ink.
© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,
InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  You
only
you
r br use 10
ain %o
f

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Bra
in sc
show ans
n t h ave
w ha h a

f
t we t no ma
o
ai n
brai 're d
1 0% ns a oing tter
activ re a , our
r br e. So l way
mor m s
e ac e ar
on e tive eas
us e

are
you

time at a
but th ny
u n le a n ot
brai ss w hers
only

n da e ha ,
no o mag ve
ne p e, th
brai art o ere
n th f t h is
at i s e
You

n ot abso
fu n c
tioni lutel
ng. y
© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,
InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  If a
brai
dam n is
age
som d, i t
e ca c
itse ses an in
lf. fix

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Pat
ients
d o ct surp
e ca d, it c n is
n
o rs a rise

f.
and l
exce l the tim
an i
t s el
expe ed e
b r ai

ctat
fix i they ions
're a of w
days ble t hat
o do
If a

, mo
even nths
all b years la and
s es
ag e

rain ter.
perm dam Not
anen age
t. is
d am
som

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Lis
teni
Mak ng t
es Y oM
ou S ozart
mar
ter

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Th e
r
scie e is curr
n
prov tific inf ently no
e th orm

ou S Mozart
Moz at li ation
a s
clas rt, or a tening to

t er
s n t
mak ical mu y other o
m ar Rauses anyo sic, actu
n
the cher ev e smar ally
m t
state oney s en said er.
g to

t
spen s might pent by hat
-- th t on mu be bett those
e
show re's somsical proer
en i n

instr that le e evide grams

es Y

conc ument i arning a nce to

m
confi entratio proves n
Li s t

coor dence a n, self-

M ak

dina n
tion. d

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  You
r Br
Bett ain
er U Wor
Pres nd e ks
sure r

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
 Ac
hron
ic ov
ks
to st

P r es d er
ress erre
actio

s ur e
brai o
Wor
n wi verloa n
n horm th p ds th
o o we e
er U
inten n es tha rful
d t are
ai n

shor ed o
t-ter nly for
Bett

eme m du
r Br

rgen ty in
Thei cy s
r cum ituat
effec u i on s
You

t da l a tive .
ki l l s mag
brai es a
n ce nd
lls.

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Eat
ing
carb
ohy
befo drat
re a es
hurt test
con your cou
ld
cen
trat
ion

© John Crane & Jette Hannibal,

InThinking
www.tok-inthinking.co.uk
  Par
tly t
ohy ating are rue.
high Carb
es
rt y d
(pot in st s th a

our
a to e arch t
l
dr a t

ion
cou su g a s, p a
r can s ta)
insta g or
E

n i v e
t r at whic t rush o you an
t es t

h wi
leav ll so f energy
u

e yo on fa
c en
h

co n c u les de a
ca r b

e n tr s nd
th e a
re a

end ted tow

con

Ho w o f yo ards
e ve r ur e
are , not xa m
b efo

b ad a l l .
carb for y carb
s inc ou. s
grai lu d e Go o
n br w h d
ead s ole
or o
atm
© John Crane & Jette Hannibal, e a l.
InThinking
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