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19 views

Variables

Uploaded by

revathi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Variables

S.REVATHI AP/CSE

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Variables
The variable is the basic unit of storage in a Java program.

A variable is defined by the combination of an identifier, a type,


and an optional initializer.

In addition, all variables have a scope, which defines their


visibility, and a lifetime.

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Declaring a Variable

In Java, all variables must be declared before they can be used.

The basic form of a variable declaration is shown here:

type identifier [ = value][, identifier [=

value] ...] ;

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Example
int a, b, c;

int d = 3, e, f = 5;

byte z = 22;

double pi = 3.14159;

char x = ‘X’

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Dynamic Initialization
Java allows variables to be initialized dynamically, using any
expression valid at the time the variable is declared.

Example: Computes the length of the hypotenuse of a right


triangle given the lengths of its two opposing sides

CODING DEMO
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The Scope and Lifetime of Variables
Java allows variables to be declared within any block.
A block defines a scope.
A scope determines what objects are visible to other parts of your
program.
Declare a variable within a scope, can localizing that variable
and protecting it from unauthorized access and/or
modification.
Scopes can be nested

CODING DEMO
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Variables are created when their scope is entered, and
destroyed when their scope is left.
This means that a variable will not hold its value once it has
gone out of scope.

CODING DEMO

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Type Conversion and Casting
To assign a value of one type to a variable of another type.

If the two types are compatible, then Java will perform the
conversion automatically.

For example: int value to a long variable.

For instance, there is no automatic conversion defined from


double to byte.

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1.Java’s Automatic Conversions
The following two conditions are met:
• The two types are compatible.
• The destination type is larger than the source type

When these two conditions are met, a widening conversion takes


place.

For example, the byte to int values=Automatic conversion

char or Boolean values= No automatic


conversion 9
2.Casting Incompatible Types
For example: int to byte.
This kind of conversion is sometimes called a narrowing
conversion, since you are explicitly making the value narrower so
that it will fit into the target type.
To create a conversion between two incompatible types, you must
use a cast.
A cast is simply an explicit type conversion. It has this general
form:

(target-type) value 10
CODING DEMO

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