Bell Work

October 18, 2022

Which territory did the United States annex after winning the Spanish-
American War?

a. American Samoa
b. Alaska
c. The Philippines
d. Hawaii
 5.1 World War I Begins
A. Causes of World War I A1. Nationalism: extreme pride + devotion
to your country
A2. Imperialism (taking over territory) led
to more competition between countries
A3. Militarism: rapid military build up
A4. Alliance System: multiple countries
agreed to defend each other if attacked
A5. Triple Entente (Allies): Britain, France,
Russia
A6. Central Powers: Germany, Austria-
Hungary, Ottoman Empire
A7. Archduke Franz Ferdinand: heir to the
Austrian throne; assassinated by Serbian
nationalist group; World War I began
 Bell Work
October 20, 2022

Who was Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

a. The heir to the Austrian throne who was assassinated, causing World War
I to begin
b. The leader of Germany at the beginning of World War I
c. One of the US senators who was against the ratification of the Treaty of
Versailles
d. One of the best US pilots in World War I
B. American Joins the War B1. President Wilson tried to keep the
US neutral; US was diverse
B2. Lusitania: British ship; sunk by
German U-boat (sub); angered the US
B3. Sussex Pledge: Germany promised
not to attack any more civilian ships
B4. Zimmermann Note: telegram from
Germany to Mexico; Germany
proposed an alliance w/Mexico;
promised to help Mexico fight the US;
angered the US
B5. Unrestricted Submarine Warfare:
sinking all ships; Germans broke Sussex
Pledge; angered the US
B6. Russian Revolution: communists
took over Russia + pulled out of WWI
 Bell Work
October 21, 2022

Look at the following diagram, which lists some factors that led to the
United States’ entry into World War I, and answer the question below.
United States’ Entry into World War I

Sinking of the Lusitania ? Unrestricted submarine

warfare by Germany

Which factor best completes this diagram?

a. Demand for more raw materials from Africa

b. Agitation by yellow journalists in Cuba
c. Surprise attack on a Hawaiian naval base by the Japanese
d. Secret agreement by Germany to help Mexico reclaim former territories
 5.2 The US in War
A. America Mobilizes for War A1. Selective Service Act: required men to
register to be drafted into military
A2. African Americans, Native Americans,
Hispanics, + Jews served in support roles in
the military; segregation; no equality
A3. Convoy System: guarding supply ships
from German U-boats (subs) w/battleships
in the Atlantic
A4. Trench Warfare: fighting in trenches;
horrible conditions (filth, rats, lice, trench
foot); led to a stalemate; war lasted longer
A5. New weapons = tanks, airplanes, machine
guns, + chemical warfare (mustard gas)
A6. “Dogfights”: air battles between pilots
A7. Eddie Rickenbacker: American flying ace
B. American Troops Arrive B1. American Expeditionary Force
(AEF): American soldiers that fought
in WWI; led by General John J.
Pershing; won battles on the
French-German border
B2. Alvin York: conscientious
objector; joined the war + became a
hero; killed 25 Germans by himself
B3. Conscientious Objector: opposed
war for moral/religious reasons
B4. Central Powers struggled;
Germany signed armistice (truce) on
11/11/18 to end WWI
B5. 22 million dead; 20 million hurt;
48,000 Americans dead; $338 billion
 Bell Work
October 24, 2022

What was the role of General John “Black Jack” Pershing during World
War I?

a. He headed the Committee on Public Information

b. He commanded American troops that fought in Europe
c. He led congressional opposition to the League of Nations
d. He assisted the American public in accepting the Fourteen Points
 5.3 The War at Home
A. Government Oversees the War A1. War Industries Board (WIB):
encouraged efficiency in companies
A2. War Bonds: investments used to
fund WWI; US sold bonds to people +
paid them back later; “Liberty Loans”
A3. Propaganda: communication used
to influence people
A4. Committee on Public Information
(CPI): US propaganda agency; got
people to buy bonds/join the military
A5. Espionage + Sedition Acts: made
saying anything bad about the
war/govt. a crime
B. Social Change + the War B1. Great Migration: many
southern African Americans
moved north for jobs in factories;
faced racism + discrimination
B2. National Urban League: helped
African Americans who migrated
B3. Women supported WWI in
non-combat roles; took factory
jobs; became nurses in WWI
B4. German immigrants were not
trusted; faced threats + beatings
B5. Spanish Flu: international flu
epidemic during + after WWI;
killed millions
 5.4 Wilson Fights for Peace
A. Wilson’s Fourteen Points A1. Fourteen Points: Wilson’s plan to
promote peace; called for self-
determination, freedom of the seas, free
trade, end to secret agreements,
reduction of arms, + League of Nations
A2. League of Nations: international
organization of all countries; place to
discuss problems to avoid wars
A3. Paris Peace Conference: peace
conference to settle WWI; each country
had their own desires
A4. “Big Four”: leaders of the US, France,
Britain, + Italy; dominated the peace
conference
B. Treaty of Versailles B1. Treaty of Versailles: officially ended
WWI; created 9 new nations; Britain +
France got colonies in the Middle East;
Germany lost land + had to pay
reparations to the Allies ($33 billion)
B2. Reparations: $ to pay for war damages
B3. War-Guilt Clause: required Germany to
accept full responsibility for the war
B4. Weaknesses of the Treaty of Versailles:
- Germany lost land/colonies + couldn’t
afford to pay the reparations
- Russia was excluded from the peace
talks; they fought w/the Allies for 3 yrs.
- Russia (now USSR) lost more land than
Germany + wanted to get it back
- Ignored the claims of colonized people
around the world (Vietnam, Middle East)
C. Opposition to the Treaty C1. Treaty of Versailles might
have required League of
Nations members to provide
military aid to other members
C2. Henry Cabot Lodge:
Republican senator; didn’t like
League of Nations; felt Congress
would lose power to declare
war
C3. Wilson tried to raise support;
Senate didn’t ratify the Treaty
of Versailles; US never joined
the League of Nations
 Bell Work
October 26, 2022

How did the Committee on Public Information influence domestic

policy in the United States during World War I?

a. By encouraging public respect for the military

b. By influencing public opinion through propaganda
c. By establishing procedures for drafting men into military service
d. By coordinating efforts to convert industries to wartime production
 Bell Work
October 27, 2022

Which of the following was NOT a weakness or failure of the Treaty of Versailles?

a. Germany could not afford to pay back the reparations

b. Russia was excluded from the peace conference even though they fought
with the Allies
c. Colonized people from around the world got no voice or say in the
negotiations
d. The French territory of Alsace-Lorraine was taken and given to Germany
 Bell Work
October 28, 2022

How did the implementation of trench warfare affect the course of

World War I?

a. It allowed the Allies to cut enemy supply lines

b. It allowed greater mobility along the frontlines
c. It led to a stalemate that prolonged the conflict
d. It gave the Allies a greater communication advantage