PART OF SPEECH

JULAIHA
 CONTENTS OF THIS PART

01 02 03

DEFINITIO EXAMPLE
TYPES
N
 Apa itu part of speech?

Part of speech adalah bagian

grammar bahasa Inggris berupa
klasifikasi kata-kata yang dibagi
menjadi beberapa kategori
berdasarkan peran serta fungsi
dalam struktur sebuah kalimat.
 DEFINITION
- Part of speech, atau sering disebut dengan

"jenis kata," adalah kategori leksikal yang

diberikan pada suatu kata berdasarkan
fungsinya dalam sebuah kalimat.
- Part of speech atau bagian-bagian kalimat
adalah salah satu kategori gramatikal yang
mengelompokkan kata-kata dalam bahasa
Inggris dengan mengacu pada fungsinya dalam
sebuah kalimat.
-. The part of speech indicates how the word
functions in meaning as well as grammatically
within the sentence.In English the main parts of
speech are noun, pronoun, adjective,
determiner, verb, adverb, preposition,
conjunction, and interjection.
Types part of speech
Apa saja jenis-jenis part of speech bahasa
Inggris?

Apa saja 8 parts of speech? Actually, sebagian

besar orang mengetahui bahwa hanya ada 8 jenis
part of speech dalam bahasa Inggris, yaitu

verb, noun, adjective, pronoun, adverb,

preposition, conjunction, dan interjection.
There are eight parts of speech
in the English language:
noun, pronoun, verb, adjective,
adverb, preposition, conjunction,
and interjection.
 noun

What is noun?

Nouns are
words that are
used to name
people, places,
animals, ideas
and things.
 Nouns can be classified into
two main categories: Common
nouns and Proper nouns.
Common nouns are generic
like ball, car, stick, etc., and
proper nouns are more
specific like Charles, The
White House, The Sun, etc.
Examples of nouns used in sentences:

• She bought a pair of shoes. (thing)

• I have a pet. (animal)
• Is this your book? (object)
• Many people have a fear of darkness.
(ideas/abstract nouns)
• He is my brother. (person)
• This is my school. (place)
 Singular
Plural nouns
nouns
Singular noun Plural noun adalah
adalah kata kata benda jamak
benda tunggal yang jumlahnya
atau yang lebih dari satu.
jumlahnya hanya
satu.
 Singular noun example

SN Referring SN Referring SN SN SN Sing Countable Sng Possessive

to Human to Animals Referring Referring Referring to Noun Noun
Beings to Places to Ideas
Things/Obj
ects

Boy Cheetah Cairo Table Invention Book Tom’s bike

Girl Deer School Chair Descripti Pencil Bird’s toy
Child Fish Hospital Blackboa on Table Dog’s tail
Man Pelican College rd Convictio Phone Sandra’s
Woman Ostrich Paris Bike n Boy mom
Lad Dinosaur Medical Aeroplan Honesty Child Peter’s cat
Individual Monkey College e Grace Bird Bike’s
Chap Grasshop Hill Pencil Pride Snake handle
Lass per Crest Elastic Destructi Door Mr. Shaw’s
Male Rhinocero Hospital Chalk on Cycle house
Female s Twin Dress Competiti Deborah’s
Citizen Zebra Towers Pin on flower shop
Tom Owl Bus Needle Idea Pigeon’s
Anna stand Tomato Ideology Wings
Harry Railway Apple Biology My sister’s
station Evolution paintbrush
 Changing a Singular Noun to a Plural Noun

Adding ‘ves’ for nouns

Adding ‘s’ Adding ‘es’
ending with an ‘f’ or ‘fe’
Dog – dogs Box – boxes
Pen – pens Tax – taxes Wolf – wolves
Chair – chairs Bus – buses Calf – calves
Knife – knives
Adding ‘ies’ to Wife – wives
Adding ‘es’ to words ending with
nouns ending a ‘y’ preceded by
with an ‘o’ a consonant Adding ‘s’ to
words ending with
a ‘y’ preceded by
a vowel
Mango – mangoes City – cities
Potato – potatoes Strawberry –
Tomato – tomatoes strawberries Ray – rays
Mosquito – mosquitoes Puppy – Toy – toys
Volcano – volcanoes puppies Boy – boys
 Singular to plural

Changing ‘is’ Nouns with a

Changing ‘us’ to ‘es’ Changing ‘on’ common
to ‘i’ to ‘a’ singular and
plural form

Alumnus – alumni Crisis – crises Criterion –

Syllabus – syllabi Analysis – analyses criteria News – news
Cactus – cacti Diagnosis –
Scissors – scissors
Fungus – fungi diagnoses Phenomenon Furniture – furniture
Nucleus – nuclei Thesis – theses – phenomena Deer – deer
Fish – fish
Police – police
Sheep – sheep
 Singular plural
Irregular nouns Plural form for
hyphenated nouns
and relationships
Man – men
Mother-in-law – Mothers-in-law Father-in-law – Fathers-in-
Woman – women law

Ox – oxen Brother-in-law – Brothers-in-law Daughter-in-law –

Daughters-in-law
Goose – geese

Child – children Son-in-law – Sons-in-law Grandmother – grandmothers

Tooth – teeth Grandfather – grandfathers Grandson – grandsons

Foot – feet Granddaughter – granddaughters Cousin – cousins

Mouse – mice Brother – brothers Sister – sisters

Uncle – uncles Aunty – Aunties Aunt – Aunts

 verbs

definition
Verbs are words that
denote an action that is
being performed by the
noun or the subject in a
sentence. They are also
called action words.
Some examples of
verbs are read, sit, run,
pick, garnish, come,
pitch, etc.
 She plays cricket every day.
Darshana and Arul are going
to the movies.
My friends visited me last
week.
Did you have your breakfast?
My name is Meenakshi
Kishore.
 adverbs

Definition
Adverbs are words that are used
to provide more information
about verbs, adjectives and other
adverbs used in a sentence.
There are five main types of
adverbs namely, adverbs of
manner, adverbs of degree,
adverbs of frequency, adverbs of
time and adverbs of place. Some
examples of adverbs are today,
quickly, randomly, early, 10 a.m.
Examples of adverbs used in sentences:
Did you come here to buy an
umbrella? (Adverb of place)
I did not go to school yesterday
as I was sick. (Adverb of time)
Savio reads the newspaper
everyday. (Adverb of frequency)
Can you please come quickly?
(Adverb of manner)
Tony was so sleepy that he
could hardly keep his eyes open during
the meeting. (Adverb of degree)
Adverb of manner
adalah kata yang
menjelaskan tentang
cara, tempat, waktu,
dan bagaimana suatu
peristiwa atau keadaan
terjadi. Contoh adverb
of manner dapat dilihat
dari kata yang
ditambahkan akhiran -
ly.
EXAMPLE:
- Mikki is very tall.
The buttermilk we had was too
cold.
- It is extremely cold this time of
the year. Adverb of degree atau keterangan tingkatan memberi
- Gowtham had almost tahu kita tentang intensitas sesuatu. Keterangan
completed his work. tingkatan biasanya diletakkan sebelum kata sifat,
- The class is unusually quiet kata keterangan, atau kata kerja yang dimodifikasi
today. oleh keterangan tingkatan tersebut meskipun ada
beberapa pengecualian. Kata too, enough, very, dan
extremely adalah contoh-contoh keterangan
tingkatan.
Adverb of Frequency adalah
sebuah kata atau frasa
yang mengekspresikan EXAMPLE:
- Ashish often likes to have
seberapa sering kegiatan food from hotels.
- Wiley always buys
tersebut dilakukan oleh groceries from the
seseorang. Frasa yang akan supermarket.
- The teachers have been
kita temukan dalam Adverb instructed to take attendance
every hour.
of Frequency ini di - Everyday, the hospitals see
a huge inflow of accident
antaranya adalah daily, casualties.
weekly, often, rarely, dan - We never like to have litchi
juice from any other store.
lain sebagainya.
EXAMPLE:
- I will be going to my
cousin’s place tomorrow.
E A c c o r d ing
- Yesterday, Teena met Anu
D V E R B O F T IM ry,
at the supermarket. A e D i c t i o n a
- Can you please bring the
th e C a m bridg l l us
to “ c a n te
photocopies soon so that we
d v e rb o f time
can provide it to the
an a n a n a c t i o n
about whe
students?
- I thought I could finish
o n , e t c . ) o r
cleaning my house today.
e n s , ( n o w , so
- Make sure you remind her h a pp l y a n a c ti o n
nt
to take the dried clothes
how freque l l y, a l w a y s,
later.
a p p e n s ( u sua
- Will you be able to submit h
all the documents etc.)”
immediately so that we could
go forward with your
recruitment process?
EXAMPLE:
- The boy was asked to
emp Adverb
keep the cups here.
loye s th
- Are you going out today?
desc d in at a
- Will you be leaving the
r a s re
the i be t ente
chair outside?
pl a c h e lo nce
- We went northwards
is ta e w c atio to
after reaching the foot of the
ki n g h ere n or
a
adv place a n actio
hill.
- The little girl ran towards
her mother the moment she erbs re c n
of p a
saw her.
lace lled
.
 ADJECTIVES
WHAT IS ADJECTIVES?

Adjectives are words that Examples of adjectives used in

are used to describe or sentences:
provide more information
- The place we visited
about the noun or the
yesterday was serene.
subject in a sentence. - Did you see how big that
Adjectives adalah kata dog was?
yang berfungsi untuk - The weather is pleasant
today.
memberikan informasi lebih - The red dress you wore
dari suatu kata benda on your birthday was lovely.
(noun). - My brother had only one
chapati for breakfast.
 DEFINITION OF ADJECTIVES
According to the Cambridge Dictionary, an adjective is defined
as “a word that describes a noun or pronoun.” The Collins
Dictionary gives a more elaborate definition. According to it,
“an adjective is a word such as ‘big’, ‘ dead’, or ‘ financial’ that
describes a person or thing, or gives extra information about
them. Adjectives usually come before nouns or after link
verbs.”
The Oxford Learner’s Dictionary defines an adjective as “a
word that describes a person or thing, for example ‘big’, ‘red’
and ‘clever’ in a big house, red wine and a clever idea.” An
adjective is “a word belonging to one of the major form classes
in any of numerous languages and typically serving as a
modifier of a noun to denote a quality of the thing named, to
indicate its quantity or extent, or to specify a thing as distinct
from something else”, according to the Merriam-Webster
Dictionary.
 Forms of Adjectives – Degrees of
For example: This book
Comparison
is interesting. This form
of adjective is used
Positive Degree of
The comparative form of
when there is no other Comparison the adjective is used when
subject to be compared.
two subjects performing
Comparative Degree of the same action or
possessing the same
Comparison
quality are compared. For
example: The book I read
The superlative degree of comparison is
yesterday was more
used when comparing the same quality of
interesting than the one I
two or more subjects and to represent
read today.
that a subject is superior to two or more
subjects in performing an action. For
example: This fantasy novel is the most
interesting book that I have ever read.
Superlative Degree
of Comparison
 Types of Adjectives
Possessive Adjectives. For example:
01 my, your, his, her, their, its, whose,
etc.

Interrogative Adjectives. They are

02 whose, what and which.

Demonstrative Adjectives: This, that,

03 these and those

Compound Adjectives: consist of two or more

adjectives that are combined together to form an
adjective that can be used to modify the subject.
04 Some examples of compound adjectives are cotton-
tailed, curly-haired, absent-minded, happy-go-lucky,
etc.