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Chapter 4 Bending

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11 views23 pages

Chapter 4 Bending

Uploaded by

Godwayne
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Bending

MECH 104 Mechanics of Deformable Bodies


Shear and Moment
Diagrams
Chapter 4: Bending
Beams
Members that are
slender and support
loadings that are
applied perpendicular to
their longitudinal axis
are called beams.
Beams
Because of the applied loadings, beams develop an
internal shear force and bending moment that, in
general, vary from point to point along the axis of the
beam.
Beam Sign Convention
Positive Directions
• the distributed load acts
upward on the beam
• the internal shear force
causes a clockwise rotation
of the beam segment on
which it acts
• the internal moment causes
compression in the top
fibers of the segment
Example 1
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam
shown.
Example 2
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam
shown
Example 3
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam
shown.
Example 4
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam
shown.
Graphical Method for
Constructing Shear
and Moment Diagrams
Chapter 4: Bending
Graphical Method for Constructing
Shear and Moment Diagrams
• The slope of the shear
diagram at each point is
equal to the distributed
load intensity at each
point

• The slope of the moment


diagram at each point is
equal to the shear at each
point
Graphical Method for Constructing
Shear and Moment Diagrams
• The change in shear is
equal to the area under
the distributed loading.

• The change in moment is


equal to the area under
the shear diagram
Example 5
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for each of the
beams shown
Example 6
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for each of the
beams shown
Example 7
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the
cantilever beam
Example 8
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the
overhang beam
Example 9
The shaft in the figure is supported by a thrust
bearing at A and a journal bearing at B. Draw the
shear and moment diagrams.
The Flexure Formula
Chapter 4: Bending
Bending Deformation
• The cross section of a straight
beam remains plane when the
beam deforms due to bending. This
causes tensile stress on one
portion of the cross section and
compressive stress on the other
portion. In between these portions,
there exists the neutral axis
which is subjected to zero stress.
• The neutral axis must pass through
the centroid of the cross-sectional
area.
Bending Deformation
Due to the deformation, the
longitudinal strain varies
linearly from zero at the
neutral axis to a maximum
at the outer fibers of the
beam. Provided the material
is homogeneous and linear
elastic, then the stress also
varies in a linear fashion
over the cross section.
Flexure Formula
The flexure formula is based on the requirement that
the internal moment on the cross section is equal to
the moment produced by the normal stress
distribution about the neutral axis.
Example 10
The simply supported beam has the cross-sectional
area shown. Determine the absolute maximum
bending stress in the beam, and the stress at point B.
Example 11
The beam shown has a cross-sectional area in the
shape of a channel. Determine the maximum bending
stress that occurs in the beam at section a–a.

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