Doing
Philosophy
Objectives
• a. Analyze the characteristics of Holistic perspective
from Partial point of view.
• b. Apply the examples relating to value of doing
philosophy in obtaining broad perspective on life
• c. Summarize the holistic perspective and partial point of
view
MELC
• 1.1 Distinguish Holistic Perspective from Partial point of
view
• 1.2 Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a
broad perspective on life
• 1.3 Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation
from a holistic perspective
Introduction
• 1. What do you notice from the picture?
• 2. Did anyone get the correct answer? Why or
why not?
• 3. What does this picture imply about our effort
to understand the realities of life or answer our
perennial problems?
How would you know if you’re doing
philosophy?
• Where am I?
• How do I know It?
• What should I do?
Philosophy
•Love of wisdom
• Holistic Perspective It is the idea that
various systems (e.g. physical, biological,
social) should be viewed as wholes, not
merely as a collection of parts.
• Partial Point of view refers focuses on
the specific aspect of the situation
Thales
• Father of western Philosophy in the Western
Civilization
• What made Thales a philosopher is his desire to know
the ultimate stuff that makes up the different things we
perceived. You see when we look at the world we
encounter different things: people, trees, clouds,
mountains, rivers, etc. Now Thales believed that
despite the different things we encounter there is one
underlying stuff or substance in which everything is
composed. He believes that there is One in the Many.
Religion and Philosophy
• Religion rests on faith while Philosophy
rests on reason.
Greatest Contribution of Thales
• His greatest contribution is the problem he posed
“What is the ultimate stuff of the universe?” and
his approach in solving that problem.
Scope of Philosophy
• 1. Philosophers are concerned with the nature
of knowledge
• 2. Philosophy is all about fundamentals
• 3. Philosophy is about the desire to integrate
things into one coherent whole
Branches of Philosophy
• Metaphysics- Studies the existence and characteristics of
human nature
• Epistemology- studies the nature and means of human
knowledge
• Ethics- Considered as the technology of philosophy it tells
us how human beings ought to function as a human being.
A branch of philosophy that provides a human being with a
“code of values to guide man’s choices and actions
• Politics- which defines the principles of a proper social
system
• Aesthetics- studies the nature of art. It is concerned with
the nature and the objective judgement of beauty.
Purpose of reason
• To arrive on a certain knowledge or truth
Philosophical tools and
processes
• Philosophical Questions- Philosophy was born
because of ignorance. If one is ignorant, he asks
questions and if he keeps on questioning the more
knowledge he acquires. Once a person stops
questioning, he cease to become a philosopher.
• Socratic Method- based on asking and answering questions
to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and
underlying presuppositions.
• Dialectic Method- it is a discourse between two or more
people holding different points of view about a subject but
wishing to establish the truth through reasoned arguments.
Types of Philosophical
Questions
• Socratic Method- based on asking and answering
questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw
out ideas and underlying presuppositions.
• Dialectic Method- it is a discourse between two or
more people holding different points of view about a
subject but wishing to establish the truth through
reasoned arguments.
Logical Reasoning
• In philosophy reasoning is the process of
thinking about something in a logical way
in order to form a conclusion or judgement
Types of Logical Reasoning
• Deductive Reasoning
Premise 1: All human beings are mortal
Premise 2: But the President of the Philippines is a human
being
Conclusion: Therefore, the President of the Philippines is
mortal.
• Inductive Reasoning
• Premise: Student A, B, C, D, E, F….. are wearing School
ID.
• Conclusion: Therefore, All students are wearing ID
Philosophical Reflection
• Its trajectory is to see the bigger picture
about everything
Philosophical Reflection
• Primary Reflection- which is the ability to think
logically. The ability of the mind to construct and
evaluate arguments. It examines its object by
abstraction, by analytically breaking it down into its
constituent parts. It is concerned with definitions,
essences and technical solutions to problems.
• Secondary reflection. According to Marcel this type of
reflection enables us to look deeper into our
experiences and see the bigger picture of reality. It
integrates the fragmented and compartmentalized
experience into a whole. It is the idea that various
systems (e.g. physical, biological, social) should be
viewed as wholes, not merely as a collection of parts.
Activity 1
• Create a position paper relating to the existence of K to 12 curriculum
in the educational system of the Philippines. Does it need any
modification or revision to fill the gaps relating to educational crisis.
Criteria
• Content 3
• Relation to the topic 3
• Originality 4
• Total 10
Activity 2
• Direction: Complete the statements below
• I learned that Philosophy is____________________
•I feel that Philosophy is important
because______________
• I commit to apply Philosophy in_______________________
Activity 2
• Direction: Complete the statements below
• I learned that Philosophy is____________________
•I feel that Philosophy is important
because______________
• I commit to apply Philosophy in_______________________
Take home activity
Directions: Choose a topic below and formulate up to 9
questions relating to Covid 19 pandemic.
1. Simple/silly questions
•
•
•
2. Serious Questions
•
•
3. Deep Questions
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
Pre- Test
Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if the
statement is wrong.
1.___________Thales is the father of
Philosophy
2.___________ Religion rests on reason
Pre- Test
3.___________Thales is the father of
Philosophy
4.___________ Religion rests on reason
5.___________ Holistic perspective is an
idea that relies on the collection of
parts and viewing it as whole
Doing
Philosophy
Objectives
• a. Analyze the characteristics of Holistic perspective from
Partial point of view.
• b. Apply the examples relating to value of doing
philosophy in obtaining broad perspective on life
• c. Summarize the holistic perspective and partial point of
view
Metaphysics
• Where Am I?
• It is the study of existence and deals with the
fundamental characteristics of human nature.
• Those pertaining to the nature of existence
• The categories of space and time
• The existence of God
• The immortality of Human Soul
Epistemology
• How do I know it?
• It concerns on human knowledge and the way to
obtain it.
• Reason, Intuition, instinct or Revelation
• Does the knowledge between on the things we
perceived or something else
• We need epistemology to guide us in knowing
since we make mistakes from time to time
Ethics
• What should I do?
• Technology of Philosophy. It tells us human beings
ought to function as a human being. But in order to
describe how human beings ought to act we must
know how a human being is
• According to Ayn Rand ethics or morality is a branch
of philosophy that provides a human being with a
“code of values to guide man’s choices and actions -
the choices and actions that determine the course of
his life
Politics
• The principle of proper social system, proper
means it presupposes that one knows what a
human being is.
Example:
• How does government works?
• Does the government makes any move to obtain
economic progress.
Aesthetics
• It studies the nature of art. It is
concerned with the nature and the
objective judgement of beauty.
Example:
• What makes something beautiful?
• What makes something an art?
Activity 1
Directions:
Activity 1
Directions: Students may draw or write their own description of human knowledge
inside the human mind. Creativity is a must in this activity. Students can be creative
through drawing or writing.
Quiz
Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if the
statement is wrong.
1.___________Thales is the father of
Philosophy
2.___________ Religion rests on reason
Quiz
3.___________Thales is the father of
Philosophy
4.___________ Religion rests on reason
5.___________ Holistic perspective is an
idea that relies on the collection of
parts and viewing it as whole
Quiz
6.___________Epistemology is considered as
the study of existence
7.___________ Human Knowledge can be
acquired through intuition
8.___________ Partial point of view is an
idea that relies on the collection of parts
and viewing it as whole
Quiz
9.___________Ethics is considered as the
study of art and beauty
10.___________ Philosophy focuses on
integrating things into one coherent
whole.
Doing
Philosophy
Objectives
• a. Analyze the characteristics of Holistic perspective from
Partial point of view.
• b. Apply the examples relating to value of doing
philosophy in obtaining broad perspective on life
• c. Summarize the holistic perspective and partial
point of view
MELC
• 1.1 Distinguish Holistic Perspective from Partial point of
view
• 1.2 Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a
broad perspective on life
• 1.3 Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete
situation from a holistic perspective
Philosophical Tools
• Philosophical Questions
• Logical Reasoning
• Philosophical Reflection
Philosophical Questions
• Philosophy was born because of ignorance. If one is
ignorant he asks questions the more he questions the
more knowledge he acquires. Once the person stop
questioning he cease to become a philosopher
Types of Philosophical Questions
• Socratic Method- based on asking and answering
questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw
out ideas and underlying presuppositions.
• Dialectic Method- it is a discourse between two or
more people holding different points of view about a
subject but wishing to establish the truth through
reasoned arguments.
Logical Reasoning
In philosophy reasoning is the process of thinking about
something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion
or judgement
Logical Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning
Premise 1: All human beings are mortal
Premise 2: But the President of the Philippines is a human
being
Conclusion: Therefore, the President of the Philippines is
mortal.
Inductive Reasoning
Premise: Student A, B, C, D, E, F….. are wearing School ID.
Conclusion: Therefore, All students are wearing ID
Philosophical Reflections
Its trajectory is to see the bigger picture about
everything
Philosophical Reflections
• Primary Reflection- which is the ability to think logically. The
ability of the mind to construct and evaluate arguments. It
examines its object by abstraction, by analytically breaking it
down into its constituent parts. It is concerned with
definitions, essences and technical solutions to problems.
• Secondary reflection. According to Marcel this type of
reflection enables us to look deeper into our experiences and
see the bigger picture of reality. It integrates the fragmented
and compartmentalized experience into a whole. It is the idea
that various systems (e.g. physical, biological, social) should be
viewed as wholes, not merely as a collection of parts.
Activity 1
• Create an essay about Plato’s quotation about
“The examined life is not worth living”.
Assessment
Directions: Write True if the statement is correct
and False if the statement is wrong
• 1. Socratic Method is an example of logical
reasoning
• 2. “Dialectics is a term used to describe a
method of Philosophical argument that involves
some sort of contradictory process.
• 3. Philosophy is considered as science
• 4. Socrates created the famous Socratic Method
• 5. Reasoning is an example of doing philosophy
Take home activity
Activity 1: Students will create a script pertaining
to a short film to be created by them relating to
Holistic Perspective
Activity 2: Students will create a short clip that
will show an example of Holistic Perspective in
Doing Philosophy
