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Forces Balanced and Unbalanced

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32 views54 pages

Forces Balanced and Unbalanced

Uploaded by

jenny123deguzman23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Learning Objective

After going through this lesson, you are


expected to:
1. Investigate the relationship between the
amount of force applied and the mass of the
object to the amount of change in the object’s
motion. (Week 1 S8FE-Ia-15
PRE-TEST
What is a force?

• A force is a push or pull that causes an object to move, stop, or


change direction

• Force can be operationally defined based on observed effects.


This means that a force can be described in terms of what it
does. However, forces do not always cause motion. It does not
necessarily follow that forces acting on an object will always
cause it to move.
Magnitude
Direction
Point of application
Line of action
magnitude – refers to the size or strength of the
force. It is commonly expressed in Newton (N) for
Meter-Kilogram-Second (MKS) system, Dyne (dyn)
for Centimeter–Gram–Second (CGS) system and
pounds (lbs) for Foot– Pound–Second (FPS) system.
In the International System of Units (SI), Newton is
commonly used which is named after Sir Isaac
Newton, an English physicist and mathematician
direction – points to where the object goes. The direction
of the arrowhead indicates the direction of the force. The
length of the arrow represents the amount of force (relative
magnitude)
point of application – the location of where the
force is applied.
line of action – is the straight line passing
through the point of application and is parallel to the
direction of force.
Force
• Forces come in pairs
• Forces have a magnitude and a direction
• Force is a vector quantity

Magnitude: 5N
5N, north (up)
Direction: north (up)
Force Measurement and Units
• SI unit for force is the Newton
• A Newton is a force that causes a 1kg mass to accelerate
at a rate of 1m/s/s.
• 1 N (Newton) = 1 kg * m/s/s
• We use a spring scale to measure force.
Combining Forces
• Net Force – The overall force acting on an object after all
forces are combined.
- Forces in the same direction we add them.
10N 10N Net Force = 10N
+ =
- Forces in opposite directions you subtract them.
10N 7N Net Force = 3N
- =
Forces in the Same Direction

• When forces are applied in the


same direction, they are added to
determine the size of the net force.
Forces in Different Directions

• When two forces act in opposite directions, you


subtract the smaller force from the larger force to
determine the net force.
• The net force will be in the same direction as the
larger force.
2 TYPES OF FORCE
1.Contact Force
2.Non-contact Force
1. Contact forces – forces where objects touch or contact
with each other.
– Applied
– Friction
– Normal
– Tension
Examples of contact force
Examples of contact force
Examples of contact force
Examples of contact force
Non-contact forces – forces where objects do
not touch or contact with each other. These
forces act over a zone or area called field.
Examples of Non-contact forces
Examples of Non-contact forces
Balanced and Unbalanced Forces

• Forces occur in pairs and they can be either balanced or


unbalanced
Balanced Forces: The forces in each direction
are “equal”.
 If more than one force is present, it does
not have to cause an acceleration on an
object.

 If another force “balances” the first out,


there will be no acceleration at all.

Think: If both guys (who weight the same)


pull on a rope in opposite directions, with
an equal amount of force, how much will they move?
Balanced Forces
• Balanced forces do not cause a change in motion
• They are equal in size and opposite in direction
• The net force is 0
Example:

Ground pushes up

Gravity pulls down


Gravity pulls down on you…

The ground pushes back up…


If these football players push
THIS KEEPS YOU WHERE YOU ARE! on each other equally as hard,
will either one move?
More Balanced Forces…
5N 5N

5N 5N

Forces may cancel each other and


produce no movement
=No Acceleration!
“Unbalanced” Forces
If the multiple forces
acting at one time
are not balanced out
(equal), then
acceleration can/will
occur on the object!

Kicking the ball causes it to move


quickly in a different direction
If one side of the scale has more mass,
then gravity will accelerate it down!
Unbalanced Forces
• An unbalanced force always causes a change in motion
• The net force is greater than 0

• When unbalanced forces act in opposite directions you can find


the net force
– Net force
• Magnitude
– The difference between the two forces

• Direction
– Direction of the largest force
Unbalanced Forces

3 N, right – 6 N, left = 3N, left


Unbalanced Forces

4 N, left – 10 N, right = 6N, right


Unbalanced Forces

5 N, right + 10 N, right =15N, right


Multiple forces can combine to move an object
Unbalanced Forces
that has too much inertia for one force alone. The
Cause Acceleration
forces “add together”!
Adding Forces:

What you5Njust
saw was like
two people Random Object
pushing on the
same 5 N
box.

Notice that all the new forces are pointed in the


same direction, and they add together! So,
instead of only 5N of force pushing the object;
now there are 10 N of force pushing!

All by himself, one person might not be able to


push a car. But with extra friends pushing, it
becomes much easier! The forces add together.
Unbalanced Forces
If forces are not equal and are acting in opposite
directions, a negative acceleration can/will occur. The
Cause Acceleration
forces will subtract from each other!
Subtracting Forces:

5N
Object 5N
5N

Notice that the forces are “unequal” and


pointed in the opposite direction. So they are
“unbalanced” and work against each other –
or one partially cancels the other.

The end result is that the forces on the left


are slowed down by the single force on the right
Review Balanced Forces

Balanced No
10N 10N
Push Acceleration Net Force =
i.e. Pushing a or change in 0
Car motion

Balanced No
Acceleration or Net Force =
10N 10N Pull
change in 0
i.e. Tug-o-war motion
Review Un-Balanced Forces
Add Together
Un-Balanced
10N Faster Net Force >
10N Same 0
Acceleration
Direction

Subtract from each


other
Un-Balanced
10N Slower Net Force >
10N
10N Opposite 0
Acceleration
Direction

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