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ESIAI - Unit 2

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10 views19 pages

ESIAI - Unit 2

Uploaded by

r3tvlucky
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Social

Implications
of AI
(BCO173)
UNIT-2
AI governance frameworks and
initiatives
 AI governance frameworks and initiatives play a crucial role in guiding the
responsible development and deployment of artificial intelligence
technologies.
 These frameworks are designed to address ethical, legal, and social
considerations associated with AI.
 OECD AI Principles
 EU's AI Regulation
 IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems
 AI for Good Global Summit
 Montreal Declaration for Responsible AI
 Partnership on AI (PAI)
 World Economic Forum (WEF) AI Council
OECD AI Principles:
 Developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD).
 Emphasizes values such as inclusivity, transparency, accountability,
and human-centered AI.
 Provides guidelines for the responsible use of AI in various domains.
EU's AI Regulation:
 Proposed by the European Union to regulate AI and ensure its
trustworthy and ethical use.
 Addresses high-risk AI applications and emphasizes fundamental
rights, transparency, and accountability.
 Aims to create a unified legal framework for AI across EU
member states.
IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous
and Intelligent Systems:

 Led by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).


 Focuses on ethical considerations in the development of
autonomous and intelligent systems.
 Promotes the prioritization of human values, transparency, and
accountability.
AI for Good Global Summit:

 Organized by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), a UN


agency.
 Aims to harness the potential of AI for addressing global challenges
and promoting sustainable development.
 Encourages collaboration between governments, industry, and
academia.
Montreal Declaration for
Responsible AI:
 Developed during the Responsible AI Forum in Montreal.
 Advocates for the responsible development, deployment, and use of
AI technologies.
 Emphasizes human-centric AI, fairness, and transparency.
Partnership on AI (PAI):
 A collaboration between major tech companies, including Google,
Facebook, Microsoft, and others.
 Focuses on addressing global challenges related to AI, such as
fairness, transparency, and accountability.
 Encourages interdisciplinary research and collaboration.
World Economic Forum (WEF) AI
Council:
 Established by the World Economic Forum.
 Provides a platform for public and private sector leaders to
collaborate on global AI governance issues.
 Aims to shape policies that promote the responsible development and
deployment of AI.
AI Ethics Guidelines by National Governments:

 Several countries, including Canada, France, and the United States,


have developed or are developing AI ethics guidelines.
 These guidelines often outline principles for responsible AI
development, deployment, and use within national borders.
These frameworks and initiatives demonstrate the growing recognition
of the need for ethical AI governance on a global scale. They provide a
foundation for policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers to work
together in addressing the challenges and opportunities presented by
artificial intelligence.
Ethical considerations in AI
regulation and policy-making
 Ethical considerations in AI regulation and policy-making are critical
to ensure that artificial intelligence technologies are developed and
deployed in a manner that aligns with societal values, preserves
fundamental rights, and mitigates potential risks.
Transparency and Explainability:
 Rationale: AI systems often operate as "black boxes," making it
challenging to understand their decision-making processes.
 Ethical Concerns: Lack of transparency can lead to distrust and may
result in biased or discriminatory outcomes.
 Policy Measures: Regulations should mandate transparency in AI
systems, ensuring that users and stakeholders can understand how
decisions are made. Explainability mechanisms should be in place to
provide insights into AI decision logic.
Fairness and Bias Mitigation:
 Rationale: AI systems can inadvertently perpetuate or amplify
existing biases present in training data.
 Ethical Concerns: Biased AI algorithms can lead to discriminatory
outcomes, reinforcing societal inequalities.
 Policy Measures: Policies should address bias mitigation techniques,
diverse and representative training data, and regular audits to
identify and rectify biases. Fairness should be a key criterion for
evaluating AI systems.
Accountability and Responsibility:
 Rationale: Determining accountability for AI system actions is
complex, especially when systems operate autonomously.
 Ethical Concerns: Lack of accountability may lead to unintended
consequences or misuse without repercussions.
 Policy Measures: Regulations should define clear lines of
accountability, specifying responsibilities for developers, deployers,
and users. Legal frameworks should establish liability in case of AI-
related harm.
Privacy Protection:

 Rationale: AI often involves processing vast amounts of personal


data, raising concerns about privacy infringement.
 Ethical Concerns: Improper use of personal data by AI systems can
violate individuals' privacy rights.
 Policy Measures: Policies must align with data protection laws,
ensuring user consent, anonymization of data, and robust security
measures. Clear guidelines on data ownership and sharing should be
established.
Human-Centric AI:
 Rationale: AI systems should prioritize the well-being and interests of
humans.
 Ethical Concerns: AI systems that prioritize efficiency or economic
interests over human values may lead to adverse consequences.
 Policy Measures: Regulations should emphasize the importance of
human-centric AI, prioritizing safety, welfare, and human dignity.
Human oversight and control mechanisms should be in place.
Inclusivity and Accessibility:

 Rationale: AI technologies should be designed to benefit all members


of society, avoiding discrimination.
 Ethical Concerns: Exclusionary AI systems can deepen existing social
disparities.
 Policy Measures: Policies should promote inclusive design,
accessibility, and efforts to bridge the digital divide. Regular
assessments should ensure that AI benefits diverse user groups.
Global Collaboration and Standards:
 Rationale: AI operates across borders, requiring international
cooperation to address ethical concerns.
 Ethical Concerns: Divergent ethical standards may result in uneven
protection and governance of AI technologies globally.
 Policy Measures: Encourage collaboration on international standards
for ethical AI. Participate in forums and organizations that facilitate
global dialogue on AI governance.
Continuous Monitoring and
Adaptation:
 Rationale: The AI landscape evolves rapidly, necessitating continuous
monitoring of ethical considerations.
 Ethical Concerns: Static policies may become outdated, leading to gaps in
addressing emerging ethical challenges.
 Policy Measures: Establish mechanisms for continuous monitoring,
evaluation, and adaptation of AI policies to keep pace with technological
advancements.
Ethical considerations in AI regulation and policy-making involve finding a
balance between fostering innovation and ensuring that AI technologies align
with societal values, human rights, and ethical principles. Policymakers must
engage in ongoing dialogues with stakeholders, including the public, industry,
and academia, to develop effective and adaptable regulatory frameworks.

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