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Transfer Function of Control System

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Jerene Manzanilla
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5 views

Transfer Function of Control System

Uploaded by

Jerene Manzanilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transfer Function

of Control System
• A transfer function represents the
relationship between the output signal of a
control system and the input signal, for all
possible input values.
• A block diagram is a visualization of the
control system which uses blocks to
represent the transfer function, and
arrows which represent the various input
and output signals.
• Thus, the cause-and-effect relationship
between the output and input is related to
each other through a transfer function.
• In a Laplace Transform, if the input is
represented by R(s) and the output is
represented by C(s), then the transfer
function will be:
Transfer Function Explained:
• It is defined as the ratio of the Laplace
transform of the output to the Laplace
transform of the input, assuming zero initial
conditions.
Procedure for determining the
transfer function of a control
system are as follows:

• We form the equations for the system.

• Now we take Laplace transform of the


system equations, assuming initial
conditions as zero.
Procedure for determining the
transfer function of a control
system are as follows:

• Specify system output and input.

• Lastly, we take the ratio of the Laplace


transform of the output and the Laplace
transform of the input which is the
required transfer function.
• Inputs and outputs in a control system
may differ. For instance, electric motors
take electrical signals as inputs and
produce mechanical outputs to rotate,
while generators take mechanical inputs
to generate electrical outputs.
Poles and Zeros of Transfer
Function

• Generally, a function can be


represented to its polynomial form.
Poles and Zeros of Transfer
Function

• Now similarly transfer function of a control


system can also be represented as:
• Now in the above function if s = z1, or s = z2,
or s = z3,….s = zn, the value of transfer
function becomes zero. These z1, z2, z3,….zn,
are roots of the numerator polynomial. As for
these roots the numerator polynomial, the
transfer function becomes zero, these roots
• Now, if s = p1, or s = p2, or s = p3,….s =
pm, the value of transfer function
becomes infinite. Thus the roots of
denominator are called the poles of the
function.
• Let us consider a system consists of a series
connected resistance (R) and inductance (L)
across a voltage source (V).
• In this circuit, the current ‘i’ is the response due to
applied voltage (V) as cause. Hence the voltage
and current of the circuit can be considered as
input and output of the system, respectively.
Sample Exercises:

Determine the zeros and the poles of the


given transfer function below:
( 𝒔+𝟏)( 𝒔 +𝟐)
𝑮 ( 𝒔 )=
( 𝒔 +𝟑 ) ( 𝒔 +𝟒)( 𝒔 +𝟓)( 𝒔+ 𝟐− 𝒋 𝟒)( 𝒔+ 𝟐+ 𝒋 𝟒)

( 𝒔 −𝟐)( 𝒔 +𝟓)( 𝒔 +𝟖)


𝑮 ( 𝒔 )=
𝒔 ( 𝒔 +𝟏 ) ( 𝒔 +𝟔)( 𝒔 +𝟗)( 𝒔+ 𝟏− 𝒋 𝟑)( 𝒔 +𝟏+ 𝒋 𝟑)
Determine the gain factor (K), the zeros and the
poles of the given transfer function below:

𝟐
𝟔 𝒔 +𝟏𝟖 𝒔 +𝟏𝟐
𝑮 ( 𝒔 )= 𝟑 𝟐
𝟐 𝒔 +𝟏𝟎 𝒔 +𝟏 𝟔 𝒔 +𝟏𝟐
Find the transfer function representation
of a system with:
 a pole at the origin (s=0)
 poles at s=-2 and -3,
 a zero at s=1, and
 a constant k=4.
• The impulse response of a system is:

−𝒕 −𝒕
𝑪 𝒕 =−𝒕 𝒆 +𝟐 𝒆 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐧 (𝒕 > 𝟎) ,
( )

• What will be the transfer function of


the system?
-END-

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