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    Respiratory System

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    Levita Felix

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Respiratory System

    Uploaded by

    Levita Felix
    1 views12 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    1 views12 pages

    Respiratory System

    Uploaded by

    Levita Felix

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    RESPIRATORY

    SYSTEM
    What do we need to know about the
    Respiratory System?
     Itis the system of respiratory passages, lungs and
    respiratory muscles of human body.
     It is responsible for exchange of gases between the
    human body and the surroundings. In the process of
    exchange of gases, human body gains oxygen and gets
    rid of carbon dioxide.
     Itis extremely important for human body because the
    process of respiration cannot be stropped even for a few
    seconds. If the process of respiration stops even for a
    minute or two, the condition will become serious and
    will ultimately end in death.
    UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT: Composed of
    the nose, the pharynx, and the larynx, the
    organs of the upper respiratory tract are located
    outside the chest cavity., and bronchi.

    LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT: Composed of


    the trachea, the lungs, and all segments of the
    bronchial tree (including the alveoli), the organs
    of the lower respiratory tract are located inside
    the chest cavity.
    Components of Upper Respiratory
    System
    1. NOSE AND NASAL CAVITY
     The most external organ, air is inhaled and
    exhaled through nose. It has different
    mechanisms for cleaning and condensing the
    inhaled air
     Inside the nose, the sticky mucous membrane
    lining the nasal cavity traps dust particles, and
    tiny hairs called cilia help move them to the
    nose to be sneezed or blown out.
    2. PHARYNX
     It is a five-inch long tube that starts near our nose
    and ends at our windpipe.
     The pharynx’s respiratory role is mainly to allow
    inhaled air entering the nasal cavity to make its
    way to the respiratory tract.
     The muscular pharynx effectively forms the entry
    for the esophagus, or our “food canal,” and the
    trachea, also known as our “windpipe.” For this
    reason, the pharynx is considered a part of both
    our respiratory and digestive systems.
    3. LARYNX
     It is a tough, flexible segment of the
    respiratory tract connecting the pharynx to the
    trachea in the neck.
     It plays a vital role in the respiratory tract by
    allowing air to pass through it while keeping
    food and drink from blocking the airway.
     It is also the body’s “voice box” as it contains
    the vocal folds that produce the sounds of
    speech and singing.
    Components of Lower Respiratory
    System
    1. LUNGS
     The lungs are the center of the respiratory
    (breathing) system.
     Lungs are the organs of human body where
    gaseous exchange take place. Human beings
    have two lungs known as the right and left
    lungs.
     Lungs are soft, spongy and very elastic.
    2. RESPIRATORY PASSAGES
     Trachea- is a tube that carries the air in and
    out of your lungs.
     Bronchi- are passageways that bring air in and
    out of the lungs
     Alveoli- are an important part of the
    respiratory system whose function it is to
    exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules
    to and from the bloodstream.
    FUNCTIONS OF RESPIRATORY
    SYSTEM
    GASEOUS EXCHANGE: Main function of respiratory
    system is gaseous exchange. Through respiratory
    system new air is always brought into the body and
    used air is expelled out. In this way oxygen is gained
    and carbon dioxide is lost by the body.
    EXCRETION OF CARBON DIOXIDE: Respiratory
    system is the major system for excretion of carbon
    dioxide from the body. Carbon dioxide is produced as a
    result of metabolic break down of carbohydrates in
    body and must be eliminated quickly. Carbon dioxide is
    brought to the lungs by blood and is lost from the lungs
    through gaseous exchange with fresh air in lungs.
    OXYGENATION OF BLOOD: Oxygen is required by the
    body for break down of food and must be continuously
    supplied for continuous supply of energy. Supply of
    oxygen is maintained by respiratory system.

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