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    Computer Fundamentals

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    githinjigracenjeri

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Computer Fundamentals

    Uploaded by

    githinjigracenjeri
    7 views17 pages

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    computer-fundamentals

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    7 views17 pages

    Computer Fundamentals

    Uploaded by

    githinjigracenjeri

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    Table of Contents

    1. Introduction
    2. Fundamentals of Computer
    • Functionalities of Computer
    • Generations of Computer
    3. Types of Computer
    4. Advantages of Computer
    5. Disadvantages of Computer
    6. Conclusion
    Introduction

    A computer is an electronic device that accepts


    data/inputs from its user and processes it into useful
    information as per the processing instructions to
    generate the output.
    Fundamental of Computer

    As per our basic knowledge, an electronic device that


    accepts input/data and processes it into valuable
    information i.e. output is named a Computer.
    Functionalities of Computer
    any digital computer performs the following five
    operations:
    • Step 1 − Accepts data as input
    • Step 2 − Saves the data/instructions in its memory
    and utilizes them as and when required.
    • Step 3 − Execute the data and convert it into useful
    information.
    • Step 4 − Provides the output.
    • Step 5 − Have control over all the above four steps
    Generations of Computer
    • There exist 5 computer generations till date
    Generation Period Technology
    1st generation 1946-1959 Vacuum tube-based

    2nd generation 1959-1965 Transistor-based

    3rd generation 1965-1971


    Integrated Circuit based
    4th generation 1971-1980 VLSI microprocessor-
    based
    5th generation 1980-onwards ULSI microprocessor-
    based
    Types of computers

    1. PC/Personal Computer

    2. Workstation

    3. Mini Computer

    4. Main Frame

    5. Supercomputer
    PC/Personal Computer

    These are single-user computer systems that have


    small, relatively reasonable computers designed for
    individual users.
    Workstation
    • Regularly a single user system is named a
    workstation.
    • Workstations usually come with a high-resolution
    graphics screen, inbuilt network support, a large
    amount of RAM, and a graphical user interface.
    Mini Computer

    These come under multiple user computer systems


    that are capable of holding hundreds of users
    simultaneously.
    Main Frame
    • Mainframe computers are also multi-user computer
    systems, capable of supporting hundreds of users
    simultaneously;
    • Software technology is different from
    minicomputers.
    Supercomputer
    • These are extremely fast computers, which can
    execute hundreds of millions of instructions per
    second.
    • Supercomputers are mostly used in scientific and
    engineering operations where processing is
    difficult.
    Advantages of Computer

    High Speed:
    The computer is a very fast device.

    It can perform the calculation of a very huge


    amount of data.
    The computer has units of speed in a microsecond,
    nanosecond, and even the picosecond.
    Advantages of Computer

    Accuracy:
    In addition to being very fast, computers are very
    accurate.
    The calculations are 100% error-free.

     Computers perform all jobs with 100% accuracy


    provided that the input is correct.
    Advantages of Computer

    Storage Capability:
    Memory is a very important characteristic of
    computers.
    A computer has much more storage capacity than
    human beings.
    It can store a large amount of data.
    Disadvantages of Computer

    No I.Q:
    A computer is a machine that has no intelligence to
    perform any task.

    Dependency:
    It works according to the user’s instruction, thus it
    is entirely dependent on humans.
    Disadvantages of Computer
    No Feelings

    Computers have no feelings or emotions.

    It is not smart enough to make a judgment based


    on experience, feeling, taste, and knowledge just
    like humans.
    Conclusion

    computer fundamentals form the backbone of understanding


    how modern technology operates. By grasping the basic
    concepts of hardware, software, data processing, and
    networking, we lay a solid foundation for further exploration
    in the field of computing. This knowledge is essential for
    anyone looking to navigate and succeed in our increasingly
    digital world.

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