Introduction to IoT

What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?

“Simply, the Internet of Things is made up of devices – from simple

sensors to smartphones and wearables – connected together ”
Matthew Evans,
What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?
 What is IoT?

• IoT refers to the interconnection of everyday objects or "things" to the internet.

This connection allows for the to collection and exchange of data - which can
then be used for automation, enhanced user experience, monitoring,
analytics and so much more.

• IoT can also be defined as the analysis of the data that generates a
meaningful action, triggered subsequently after the interchange of data.
 IoT Evolution

Internet of Internet of Internet of Things

Services People
Pre- Internet of Conent
Internet

“Human to
“WWW” “Web 2.0” “Social Media” “Machine to Machine”
Human “
● Identification

Fixed ● Facebook ● Tracking

● Email
telepohne, ● Instagram
● Information ● E-Commerce ● Monitoring
mobile, and ● YouTube
● Entertainment
SMS ● Twitter ● Metering

● Shared data
 IoT Characteristics

Scalability

Real-Time Data IoT Interoperability

Automation
 Scalability

 Scalability means that IoT systems have the ability to accommodate a

large number of devices.

 Whether it's a smart home, a smart city, or an industrial setting, IoT

networks can handle an extensive range of connected devices without
compromising performance.

 This scalability allows for the expansion and growth of IoT ecosystems
as more devices join the network.
 Interoperability

 In an IoT environment, devices from different brands or types should

be able to communicate with each other seamlessly.

 Interoperability ensures that devices can exchange information and

work together effectively, regardless of their individual specifications
or protocols.

 For example, a smart thermostat from one brand

should be able to communicate with a smart speaker
from another brand without any compatibility issues.
 Real-Time Data

 Real-time data collection and analysis are fundamental aspects of IoT.

Devices in an IoT network continuously gather information from their
surroundings and transmit it in real time for analysis.

 This constant flow of data enables businesses and individuals to make

informed decisions promptly based on up-to-date information.

 For instance, sensors in a manufacturing plant can provide real-time

data on machine performance, allowing operators to identify potential
issues before they cause significant disruptions.
 Automation

 Devices within an IoT ecosystem can perform tasks autonomously

without human intervention.

 Through programming and artificial intelligence algorithms, these

devices can execute predefined actions based on specific conditions or
triggers.

 For example, a smart security system can automatically lock doors

when everyone leaves the house or adjust temperature settings based on
occupancy patterns.
Real-World IoT Applications

IoT Applications

Smart cities Industrial Healthcare Robotics

Environmental
Automation
IoT Applications in Smart Cities
IoT Applications in Industry
IoT Applications In Environmental Sustainability
Smart Energy
Management

Air Quality
Monitoring

Smart Waste
IoT Management

Smart Water
Monitoring

Smart Agriculture
IoT Applications In Healthcare
IoT Development Market
IoT Development Market

• By 2025, there will be over 30.9 billion devices connected to the Internet.
• Experts predict this number will grow exponentially in the upcoming
years.
• As more devices become interconnected, businesses could gain access to a
wealth of data and functionality that can be used to improve their
operations.
IoT Role
IoT role and purpose encompass several key areas:

01 Automation and Control 03 Enhanced Efficiency

02 Data Collection and Analysis 04 Improved Quality of Life

 01 Automation and Control

IoT enables remote monitoring and control of devices, enhancing

efficiency and reducing the need for manual intervention. For example,
smart thermostats can automatically adjust temperatures based on user
preferences.
 02 Data Collection and
Analysis

IoT devices collect vast amounts of data that can be analyzed to gain
insights, improve decision-making, and optimize processes. This data
can help businesses understand customer behavior or optimize supply
chains.
 03 Enhanced Efficiency

By connecting devices and systems, IoT can streamline operations,

reduce energy consumption, and improve resource management in
sectors like manufacturing, agriculture, and logistics.
 04 Improved Quality of Life

IoT makes everyday life easier and more comfortable, for example by
controlling the house remotely, monitoring health and well-being, and
optimizing the energy consumption of buildings.
How IoT System Works?

 IoT systems function by gathering data from sensors embedded in

IoT devices, which is then transmitted through an IoT gateway for
analysis by an application or back-end system.
How IoT System Works?
How IoT System Works?

Sensors

Data Processing

Communication

Centralized Control

Actuators
 How IoT System Works?
Sensors

A sensor is a device that detects to some type of input from the physical environment.
 How IoT System Works?
Data Processing

 The collected data is processed either locally within the device or sent to a central
server for analysis.

 This analysis can involve identifying patterns, detecting anomalies, and making
decisions based on predefined rules or machine learning algorithms.
 How IoT System Works?
Communication

 IoT devices use various communication protocols to transmit data to central servers,
other devices, or even directly to users.

 Common communication protocols include Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and cellular

networks.

 The choice of protocol depends on factors such as range, power consumption, and data
volume.
 How IoT System Works?
Communication

 IoT devices use various communication protocols to transmit data to central servers,
other devices, or even directly to users.

 Common communication protocols include Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and cellular

networks.

 The choice of protocol depends on factors such as range, power consumption, and data
volume.
 NB-IoT and eLTE-IoT
What Is NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT)?
NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) is a radio technology deployed over
mobile networks which is especially suited for indoor coverage, low
cost, long battery life, and large number of devices.

What is eLTE-IoT?
• The eLTE-IOT (enterprise Long-Term Evolution-Internet of Things
(eLTE-IoT backbone) is a narrow-wide wireless IoT solution
developed by Huawei specifically for the industrial IoT market.
• Features of eLTE-IoT: Reliable connection, massive IoT, lower
power consumption, and wider coverage.
NB-IoT and eLTE-IoT

eLTE-IoT and NB-IoT are designed to support IoT

devices that need a long battery life or are used at
locations that are difficult to reach with normal 4G
technology.
 How IoT System Works?
Centralized Control

 Centralized systems, often hosted in the cloud, receive and process data from multiple
IoT devices.

 These systems can monitor the status of devices, trigger actions, and provide users with
real-time insights through user interfaces or mobile applications.
 How IoT System Works?
Actuators

 IoT devices often include actuators that allow them to take actions based on the
processed information.
 For example, a smart thermostat can adjust the temperature based on occupancy and
user preferences.
Any Questions ?