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    Hyperlipidemia & Heart Diseases

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    Hyperlipidemia & Heart Diseases

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    2 views12 pages

    Hyperlipidemia & Heart Diseases

    Uploaded by

    cpie6150

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    HYPERLIPIDEMIA & DONE BY:

    HEART DISEASES * FAIHA ANEEFA


    TABLE OF CONTENTS
    1. INTRODUCTION 3
    2.HYPERLIPIDEMIA 5
    3.LIFESTYLE 6
    4. PATHO PHYSIOLOGY 7
    5. RISK FACTORS 8
    6. CONSEQUENCES 9
    7. PREVENTION & MANAGEMENT 10
    8. IMPACT ON HEART HEALTH 11
    INTRODUCT
    ION
    • There is a blockade in gluconeogenesis. Hence more
    fat is mobilized to meet energy requirements of the
    body. This results in increased plasma free fatty acid

    • Hyperlipidemia, also known as high cholesterol, is a


    condition where there are abnormally high levels of
    lipids or fats in the blood.

    • It's a common disorder that can be caused by


    genetic or acquired factors.
    Lipid
    Optimal level
    • Total cholesterol About 150 mg/dL
    • LDL (“bad”) cholesterol About 100 mg/dL
    • HDL (“good”) cholesterol At least 40 mg/dL in
    men
    50 mg/dL in women
    • Triglycerides Less than 150 mg/Dl

    Hyperlipidemia can increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and


    other serious conditions because it makes it harder for blood to flow
    HYPERLIP
    IDEMIA
    Hyperlipidemia is a critical factor in the development of heart
    diseases. Understanding its pathophysiology and
    implementing effective prevention and management
    strategies can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular
    events. Regular check-ups and a proactive approach to
    maintaining healthy cholesterol levels are essential for heart
    health. characterized by elevated levels of lipids in the blood,
    is a pervasive condition that significantly increases the risk of
    heart diseases
    LIFEST
    YLE
    Lifestyle changes can help prevent or reduce the risk of
    hyperlipidemia, including:

    • Eating a healthy diet low in saturated and trans fat, and


    high in fiber
    • Exercising regularly
    • Maintaining a normal weight
    • Stopping smoking
    • Taking medications as prescribed
    PATHO
    • PHYSIOLOGY
    Hyperlipidemia leads to atherosclerosis, a process
    where excess cholesterol accumulates in arterial
    walls, narrowing blood vessels and restricting blood
    flow.
    • This triggers inflammation, further damaging
    arterial linings and increasing cardiovascular risk.
    RISK FACTORS
    1.High LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol
    Known as “good” cholesterol, HDL helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream. Low
    levels of HDL can increase
    the risk of heart disease
    2.Low HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol
    Often referred to as “bad” cholesterol, high levels of LDL can lead to the buildup
    of fatty deposits (plaque) in the
    arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis
    3.Triglycerides
    Elevated levels of triglycerides, another type of fat in the blood, can also contribute to
    atherosclerosis.

    4.Family history
    5.Obesity
    6.Sedentary lifestyle
    CONSEQUENC
    1.Coronary artery disease
    ES
    2.Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
    3.Stroke
    Plaque buildup in the arteries leading to the brain can cause a stroke if a blood vessel
    is blocked

    4.Peripheral artery disease


    High cholesterol can affect arteries in the limbs, leading to pain and mobility issues

    5.Cardiac arrhythmias
    6. Atherosclerosis:
    The buildup of plaque in the arteries can restrict blood flow, leading to conditions
    such as coronary artery
    disease (CAD), which can cause chest pain (angina) and increase the risk of heart
    attacks13.
    PREVENTION &
    MANAGEMENT
    1.Healthy diet (low saturated fats, high fiber)
    A heart-healthy diet low in saturated and trans fats can help reduce
    cholesterol levels.
    Emphasizing fruits , vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins is benefic
    2.Regular exercise (aerobic and strength training) :
    Regular physical activity can help raise HDL cholesterol and
    lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides
    3.Weight management
    4.Smoking cessation
    5.Medications (statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrate) :
    Statins and other cholesterol-lowering medications may be prescribed
    to help manage cholesterol levels
    6.Regular lipid profile monitoring
    IMPACT ON
    HEART HEALTH
    Hyperlipidemia's impact on heart health is
    multifaceted:

    1 Increased blood pressure


    2. Endothelial dysfunction
    3. Inflammation
    4. Cardiac remodeling
    CONCLUSION &
    REFERANCE
    Hyperlipidemia poses a significant threat to cardiovascular health,
    underscoring the need for awareness, prevention, and management.
    Understanding its causes, risks, and consequences empowers
    individuals to take proactive measures. Lifestyle modifications and
    medical interventions can significantly mitigate this risk. Early
    detection and treatment are essential to combat the growing burden
    of heart diseases.

    REFERANCE
    • TEXTBOOK OF BIOCHEMISTRY-
    ~ U.SATHYANARAYANA

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