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q2 Oral Com - Lesson 1

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10 views13 pages

q2 Oral Com - Lesson 1

Uploaded by

RUBY MAE ASMOLO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Oral Communication

in Context
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
Types of Communicative Strategy
What do you do when you need to express the meaning
of a word that you don’t know?
How do you start and close a conversation, and how do
you keep it going?

What can you do if you are not sure about what to say
in an unfamiliar situation?
Since engaging in conversation is also bound by implicit rules,
Cohen (1990) states that strategies must be used to start and maintain
a conversation.

Therefore, the speaker and listener must find some effective ways
to communicate their thoughts effectively so that we can survive
with our inadequacies in communication. Those effective ways which
help people to communicate in the presence of such deficiencies can
be called as communication strategies.
Communicative strategies

-are techniques on how to deal with difficulties


encountered when communicating.
7 communicative strategies

1. Nomination

 A speaker carries out nomination to collaboratively and productively establish


a topic. Basically, when you employ this strategy, you try to open a topic with
the people you are talking to.
 It is presenting a particular topic clearly, truthfully, and saying only what is
relevant is a strategy that can also be applied any time during the course of
an interaction as a way of continuing the communication. When this strategy
is used, the topic is introduced in a clear and truthful manner, stating only
what is relevant to keep the interaction focused.
 Examples:
"Do you have anything to say?"
"Have you heard the news about the prettiest girl
in school?"
"Now, it’s your turn to ask questions."
"Does that make sense to you?"
2. Restriction

 Restriction in communication refers to any limitation you may have as aspeaker.


 Also, this strategy constrains or restricts the Response of the other person involved
in the Communication Situation. The Listener is forced to respond only within a set
of categories that is made by the Speaker.

Examples:
 In your class, you might be asked by your teacher to
brainstorm on peer pressure.
 When you were asked to deliver a speech in a specific
language.
3. Turn-
Taking
Turn-taking pertains to the process by which people decide who takes the
conversational floor. There is a code of behavior behind establishing and sustaining a
productive conversation, but the primary idea is to give all communicators a chance
to speak.

Recognizing when and how to speak because it is one’s turn requires that each
speaker speaks only when it is his/ her turn during interaction. Knowing when to talk
depends on watching out for the verbal and nonverbal cues that signal the next
Speaker that the previous Speaker has finished or the topic under discussion has
been exhausted and a new topic may be introduced. At the same time, it also means
that others should be given the opportunity to take turn.

Turn-taking Communicative Strategy uses either an informal approach (just jump in


and start talking) or a formal approach (permission to speak is requested).
 Example:
 Can we all listen to the one who talk in front of us?
 "Excuse me? I think we should speak one at a time, so we can
clearly understand what we want to say about the topic."
 "Go on with your ideas. I'll let you finish first before I say
something."
4. Topic
Control
Topic control covers how procedural formality and informality affects the development
of topics in conversation. This only means that when a topic is initiated, it should be
collectively developed by avoiding unnecessary interruptions and topic shifts.

keeping the interaction going by asking questions and eliciting a response

This is simply a question-answer formula that moves the discussion forward.This also
allows the Listener or other participants to take turns, contribute, ideas, and
continue the discussion.

Example:
"One of the essential lessons I gained from the discussion is the importance of sports
and wellness to a healthy lifestyle."
5. Topic
Shifting
Topic shifting, as the name suggests, involves moving from one topic to another. In
other words, it is where one part of a conversation ends and where another begins.

It is introducing a new topic followed by the continuation of that topic

It is also a strategy that is useful in introducing another topic. This strategy works
best when there is follow-through so that new topic continues to be discussed.

Examples:
"By the way, there's a new shop opening at the mall"
“In addition to what you said about the beautiful girl is that she is also smart."
6. Repair
Repair refers to how speaker address the problems in speaking, listening, and
comprehending that they may encounter in a conversation.

It is overcoming communication breakdown to send more comprehensible messages.

Examples:
"Excuse me, but there are 5 Functions of Communication not 4."
"I'm sorry, the word should be pronounced as pretty not priti.".
7.
Termination
Termination refers to the conversation of participants’ close-initiating expressions that
end a topic in a conversation.

It uses verbal and nonverbal signals to end the interaction.

It ends the interaction through verbal and nonverbal Messages that both Speaker and
Listener send to each other. Sometimes the Termination is quick and short. Sometimes
it is prolonged by clarification, further questions, or the continuation of the topic
already discussed, but the point of the language and body movement is to end the
communication.

Examples:
"Best regards to your parents! See you around!
“It was nice meeting you. Bye!"
"That is all for today class, goodbye!"

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