Math 8

System of Linear
Equation in Two
Variables
Learning Competency (MELC)
Specific Learning
Objectives:
• Illustrates a system of • To define a system of linear
linear equations in two equations in two variables
variables • To identify the three types of system
of linear equations in two variables;
• Graph a system of linear and
equations in two variables • To describe the graph of the systems
of linear equations in two variables
• Categorizes when a given as parallel, intersecting, or
system of linear equations coinciding;
in two variables has graphs • To graph systems of linear equations
that are parallel, in two variables.
intersecting, and • To represent real-life situations using
systems of linear equations in two
coinciding. variables.
 System of Linear Equations in Two
Variables
• A system of linear equations consists of
two or more linear equations.
• It can have no solution, one solution or
infinite solutions.
𝒙 + 𝒚 =𝟓
and 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1”
“The system of equations

𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟏
 Solutions of Linear Equations in Two
Variables
𝒙 + 𝒚 =𝟓
𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟏

𝟑¿ ¿𝟐 ¿(𝟑,𝟐)
¿𝟑 ¿(𝟒,𝟑)
 Graphing the System of Linear
Equation
Use slope and y intercept to graph
the system of linear equation
Note: You can use any method in graphing.
¿(𝟑,𝟐)
𝒙 + 𝒚 =𝟓 𝒚 =− 𝒙 +𝟓
m=-1
𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟏 y - int : (0, 5)

𝒚 = 𝒙 −𝟏
m=1
y - int : (0, -1)
Therefore, (3, 2) satisfies both the equation
Types of Systems of
Linear Equations in
Two Variables
 3 Types of Systems of Linear
Equations in Two Variables

1. Consistent and
Independent
2. Consistent and
Dependent
3. Inconsistent
3 Types of Systems of Linear
Equations in Two Variables
 3 Types of Systems of Linear
Equations in Two Variables

𝒙 + 𝒚 =𝟓 𝒚 =− 𝒙 +𝟓𝒚 =− 𝒙 +𝟓
𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟏 𝒚 =𝒙 −𝟏
¿(𝟑,𝟐)
Since, Slope and y – intercept are both different then:

𝒚 =𝒙 −𝟏
Consistent and Independent

The graph is Intersecting

Graphing System of Linear
Equations in Two Variables
 EXAMPLES Let’s graph the following and identify the solutions of the system

𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟒
1.
𝒙 + 𝒚 =𝟐
2. 𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟒 𝒚 =𝟖
𝒙 +𝟐 𝒚 =𝟐

3. 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟑
𝟑 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟗
 EXAMPLES
𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟒 𝒙 + 𝒚 =𝟐
1.
𝒙 + 𝒚 =𝟐
¿(𝟑,− 𝟏)
m= 1
𝒚 =𝒙 −𝟒 y - int : (0, -4)

m = -1 𝒙− 𝒚 =𝟒
𝒚 =− 𝒙 +𝟐 y - int : (0, 2)
Slope and y – intercept are both different then:
Consistent and Independent The graph is Intersecting. It means one solution exist
 EXAMPLES
𝟐 𝒙+ 𝟒 𝒚 =𝟖 𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟒 𝒚 =𝟖
2.
𝒙+𝟐 𝒚 =𝟐
𝟏 m=
𝒚 =− 𝒙 +𝟐y - int : (0, 2)
𝟐
𝒙 +𝟐 𝒚 =𝟐
𝟏 m=
𝒚 =− 𝒙 +𝟏
𝟐 y - int : (0, 1)

The same slope but different y - intercept

The graph is Parallel. It means no solution exists.
Inconsistent
 EXAMPLES
𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟑
3.
𝟑 𝒙 −𝟑 𝒚 =𝟗 𝟑 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟗
m=
𝒚 = 𝒙 − 𝟑y - int : (0, -3)
𝒚 =𝒙 −𝟑m = 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟑

y - int : (0, -3)

The same slope and y – intercept, so:

The graph are Coinciding. It has infinite solution.
Consistent and
Dependent
Example in Real World

A mobile network provider offers a postpaid sim-only plan

that costs Php999 per month plus Php2.50 per text message
sent to other networks. Another mobile network sim-only plan
costs Php1299 per month but offers Php1 only for every text
message sent to other networks.
a. How many text messages would you have sent to other
networks for the plan to cost the same for each month?
b. If a family member sends 500 or more text messages to
other networks each month, which plan would you
recommend? Why?
 Example in Real World
A mobile network provider offers a postpaid sim-only plan that costs Php999 per month plus Php2.50 per text
message sent to other networks. Another mobile network sim-only plan costs Php1299 per month but offers Php1 only
for every text message sent to other networks.
a. How many text messages would you have sent to other networks for the plan to cost the same for each month?
b. If a family member sends 500 or more text messages to other networks each month, which plan would you
recommend? Why?
Solution:
Let 𝑥 - be the total number of text messages sent to other networks
𝑦 - be the total monthly cost of x text messages sent to other networks

𝒚 =𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟗
 Example in Real World

A mobile network provider offers a postpaid sim-only plan that costs Php999 per month plus
Php2.50 per text message sent to other networks. Another mobile network sim-only plan costs Php1299

equations that can be used to represent the total monthly cost (𝑦) of the number of text messages ( 𝑥)
per month but offers Php1 only for every text message sent to other networks. What are the two

sent to other networks?

Let’s graph the equation using GEOGEBRA

𝒚 =𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟗
 Example in Real World

A mobile network provider offers a postpaid sim-only plan that costs Php999 per month plus
Php2.50 per text message sent to other networks. Another mobile network sim-only plan costs Php1299

equations that can be used to represent the total monthly cost (𝑦) of the number of text messages ( 𝑥)
per month but offers Php1 only for every text message sent to other networks. What are the two

sent to other networks?

Let’s graph the equation using GEOGEBRA

𝒚 =𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟗
 Math 8

Solving System of
Linear Equation in
Two Variables
Learning Competency (MELC)
Specific Learning
Objectives:
• Solves a system of linear • solve systems of linear equations in
equations in two variables two variables by substitution and
elimination methods;
by
• solve problems involving systems of
a. Graphing linear equations in two variables by
graphing, substitution and
b. Substitution; elimination; and
c. Elimination. • determine the most efficient method
in solving system of linear equations
in two variables.
 PRE - ACTIVITY
• Directions: Express each equation in terms of the indicated variable then
answer the questions that follow. The first item is done for you.

𝟐
𝒚 +
𝟑
𝟐
− 𝒚 +𝟐
𝟑
𝟏
− 𝒙 +𝟐
𝟒
𝟒
𝒙 + 𝟏𝟏
𝟑
 Solving System of
Linear Equations by
Substitution
 The Substitution Method

You solve one equation

for one of the variables,
then substitute the new
form of the equation
into the other equation
for the solved variable.
 Example 1
1. Solve the following system using the substitution
𝟑 𝒙 −𝒚=𝟔
method equation 1
equation 2
−𝟒 𝒙+𝟐 𝒚 =−𝟖
STEP 1: Solve one of the equations for a variable.
𝟑 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟔
− 𝒚 =−𝟑 𝒙 +𝟔 (subtract 3x from both sides)

𝒚 =𝟑 𝒙 −𝟔 (multiply both sides by – 1)

equation 3 Continued.
 Example 1
STEP 2: Substitute the expression from step 1 into the
other equation and solve the new equation
−𝟒 𝒙+𝟐 𝒚 =−𝟖 𝒚 =𝟑 𝒙 −𝟔
−𝟒 𝒙+𝟐 (𝟑 𝒙 −𝟔)=− 𝟖 (replace y with result from first equation)

−𝟒 𝒙+𝟔 𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐=−𝟖 (use the distributive property)

𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐=− 𝟖
𝟐 𝒙 =− 𝟖+ 𝟏𝟐 (add 12 to both sides)

𝟐 𝒙 =𝟒 (divide both sides by 2))

𝒙 =𝟐 Continued.
 Example 1
STEP 3: Substitute the value found in step 2 into either
equation containing both variables.
𝒙 =𝟐
𝒚 =𝟑 𝒙 −equation
𝟔 3
𝒚 =𝟑(𝟐 ) − 𝟔
𝒚 =𝟔 − 𝟔
𝒚 =𝟎
(𝟐 , 𝟎 )
Solution Set Continued.
 Example 1
STEP 4: Check the proposed solution in the original
equations.
(𝟐 , 𝟎 ) Set
Solution
𝟑 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟔
(eq 1) −𝟒 𝒙+𝟐 𝒚 =−𝟖 (eq 2)
𝟑(𝟐) −𝟎=𝟔 −𝟒 (𝟐)+𝟐(𝟎)=−𝟖
𝟔 − 𝟎=𝟔 − 𝟖+ 𝟎= − 𝟖
𝟔 =𝟔 − 𝟖 =− 𝟖
Continued.
 Solving a System of Linear Equations by the
Substitution Method
STEP 1: Solve one of the equations for a variable.

STEP 2: Substitute the expression from step 1 into the

other equation and solve the new equation
STEP 3: Substitute the value found in step 2 into either
equation containing both variables.

STEP 4: Check the proposed solution in the original

equations.
 Solving System of
Linear Equations by
Elimination
 The Elimination Method

Another method that can be used to solve

systems of equations is called the addition,
arithmetic or elimination method.
You multiply both equations by numbers that
will allow you to combine the two equations
and eliminate one of the variables.
 Example 1
1. Solve the following system using the substitution
𝟑 𝒙 −𝒚=𝟔
method equation 1
equation 2
−𝟒 𝒙+𝟐 𝒚 =−𝟖
STEP 1: Rewrite each equation in standard form,
eliminating fraction coefficients
DONE
STEP 2: If necessary, multiply one or both equations by a
number so that the coefficients of a chosen variable are
opposites.
𝟑 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟔 𝟐 ( 𝟑 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟔 ) 𝟐
𝟔 𝒙 −𝟐 𝒚 =𝟏𝟐 Continued.
 Example 1
STEP 3: Add the equations.

+¿ 𝟔 𝒙 −𝟐 𝒚 =𝟏𝟐
−𝟒 𝒙+𝟐 𝒚 =−𝟖
𝟐 𝒙 =𝟒
STEP 4: Find the value of one variable by solving
equation from step 3.
𝟐 𝒙 =𝟒
𝒙 =𝟐 (divide both sides by 2)
 Example 1
STEP 5: Find the value of the second variable by
substituting the value found in step 4 into either
original equation.
Let − 𝒚 =𝟎
𝟑 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟔 (−𝟏)(− 𝒚 =𝟎)(−𝟏)
𝟑 (𝟐 ) − 𝒚 =𝟔 𝒚 =𝟎
𝟔 − 𝒚 =𝟔
− 𝒚 =𝟔 ( 𝟔 , 𝟎
−𝟐 )Set
Solution
Continued.
 Example 1
STEP 6: Check the proposed solution in the original
equations
(𝟐 , 𝟎 ) Set
Solution
𝟑 𝒙 − 𝒚 =𝟔
(eq 1) −𝟒 𝒙+𝟐 𝒚 =−𝟖 (eq 2)
𝟑(𝟐) −𝟎=𝟔 −𝟒 (𝟐)+𝟐(𝟎)=−𝟖
𝟔 − 𝟎=𝟔 − 𝟖+ 𝟎= − 𝟖
𝟔 =𝟔 − 𝟖 =− 𝟖
 Example in Real World

The sum of Janna age and Mark’s age is 40. Two years
ago, Janna was twice as old as Mark. Find Janna’s age now.
 Example in Real World
The sum of Janna age and Mark’s age is 40. Two years
ago, Janna was twice as old as Mark. Find Janna’s age now.
Step 1: Understand the problem.

Let x = Janna’s age

Let y = Mark’s age
 Example in Real World
The sum of Janna age and Mark’s age is 40. Two years
ago, Janna was twice as old as Mark. Find Janna’s age now.
Step 2: Devise a plan (translate).
For equation 1: The sum of Janna and Mark's age is 40
x + y = 40
For equation 2: Two years ago, Janna was twice as old as Mark.

𝑥 − 2 = 2(𝑦 − 2)
Janna (two years ago) = 2 times Mark’s age (two years ago)
 Example in Real World

For equation 2: Two years ago, Janna was twice as old as Mark.

𝑥 − 2 = 2(𝑦 − 2)
Janna (two years ago) = 2 times Mark’s age (two years ago)

𝑥 − 2 = 2𝑦 − 4
𝑥 − 2y = -2

x + y = 40 equation 1
𝑥 − 2y = -2equation 2
 Example in Real World

Step 3: Carry out the plan (solve)

x + y = 40 equation 1
𝑥 − 2y = -2 equation 2

𝑥 − 2y = -2 (eq 2)
Use substitution method: To find Janna’s age

𝑥 − 2(-x+ 40) = -
x + y = 40 (eq1)

𝑥 + 2x - 80 = -2
y = -x + 40 (eq3)
Substitute the new equation formed in
2 eq3
New equation
formed from
the equation 1
3x = -2 + 80
3x = 78 Divide
of x
both side by 3 to get the value

x = 26
 Example in Real World
To find Mark’s age

x + y = 40
Let x = 26 Use equation 1 to find the value of y
26 + y = 40
y = 40 - 26
y = 14
 Example in Real World

Step 4: Look back and interpret

value of 𝑥 and 𝑦 to both equations
Check answers directly against the facts of the problems. Substitute the

Sum of Janna’s and Mark’s age Two years ago, Janna was twice
as old as Mark
x + y = 40
x − 2y = -2
26 + 14 = 40
26 − 2(14) = -2
40 = 40 26 − 28 = -2
-2 = -2
Therefore, Janna’s age now is 26
Thank you!
MA. RICA MAE M. ROSETE
Position
Author / Learning Resource Developer
For Image Resources
https://www.vecteezy.com/free-vector/t
eacher
Refences
• Ulpina, J.N.(2014). Math Builders 8. JO-ES
Publishing House
• DepEd CO Modules