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Inheritance Introduction

Uploaded by

adershhiridik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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21CSC101T

Object Oriented Design and Programming

INHERITANCE AND ITS


TYPES
Introduction to Inheritance
• Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class obtain the properties of objects of
another class in the hierarchy.

• Subclasses provide specialized behavior from the basis of common elements provided by the
super class.

• Through the use of inheritance, programmers can reuse the code in the super class many times.

• Once a parent class is written and debugged, it need not be touched again but at the same time
can be revised to work in different situations.

• Reusing existing code saves time and money and increases a program’s reliability.
Cont.
• For example-1, the scooter is a type of the class two-wheelers, which is again a type of (or kind
of) the class motor vehicles

• For example-2, all fruits have a name, a color, and a size. Therefore, Peaches and Guavas also
have a name, a color, and a size.

• We can say that Peaches and Guavas inherit (acquire) these all of the properties of fruit because
they are fruit.

• We also know that fruit undergoes a ripening process, by which it becomes edible.

• Because Peaches and Guavas are fruit, we also know that Peaches and Guavas will inherit the
behavior of ripening.
Cont.
• Put into a diagram, the relationship between Peaches, Guavas, and fruit might look something
like this:

Fruit

Peach Guava
Why use Inheritance?

• For Method Overriding (used for Runtime Polymorphism).


It’s main uses are to enable polymorphism and to be able to reuse
code for different classes by putting it in a common super class

• For code Re-usability


Types of Inheritance

• Single Inheritance

• Multiple Inheritance

• Multilevel Inheritance

• Hierarchical Inheritance

• Hybrid Inheritance
Defining Derived Classes
• A derived class can be defined by specifying its SYNTAX
relationship with the base class in addition to its
own details.
• The visibility mode is optional and if present, may
be either private or public
• Visibility mode specifies whether the features of
EXAMPLE
the base class are privately derived or publicly
derived
• The default visibility mode is private
• Some of the base class data elements and
member functions are inherited into the derived
class
• We can add our own data and member functions
and thus extend the functionality of the base class
Single Inheritance
• In single inheritance, a class derives from one base class only. This means that there is only one
subclass that is derived from one superclass.

• Syntax:

class subclass_name : access_specifier base_class


{ //body of subclass };

Class A

Class B
Multiple Inheritance
• A class can inherit properties from more than one class which is known as multiple inheritances.

Class B Class C

Class A
Multilevel Inheritance
• A class can be derived from another derived class which is known as multilevel inheritance.

Class C

Class B

Class A
Hierarchical Inheritance
• In this type of inheritance, one parent class has more than one child class

Class A

Class B Class C

Class b1 Class b2 Class c1 Class c2


Hierarchical Inheritance
Hybrid Inheritance
• There could be situations where we need to apply two or more types of inheritance to design one
inheritance called hybrid inheritance.

Class C

Class B Class D

Class A
Hybrid Inheritance

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