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Pertemuan Ke 1-Human Computer Interaction Concept

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Yani Rina
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20 views14 pages

Pertemuan Ke 1-Human Computer Interaction Concept

Uploaded by

Yani Rina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Human Computer

Interaction Concept
What is interaction?

communication

user  system
models of interaction

terms of interaction
Norman model
interaction framework
Some terms of interaction

domain – the area of work under study


e.g. graphic design
goal – what you want to achieve
e.g. create a solid red triangle
task – how you go about doing it
– ultimately in terms of operations or actions
e.g. … select fill tool, click over triangle
Donald Norman’s model

• Seven stages
– user establishes the goal
– formulates intention
– specifies actions at interface
– executes action
– perceives system state
– interprets system state
– evaluates system state with respect to goal

• Norman’s model concentrates on user’s view


of the interface
execution/evaluation loop
goal

execution evaluation
system
• user establishes the goal
• formulates intention
• specifies actions at interface
• executes action
• perceives system state
• interprets system state
• evaluates system state with respect to goal
execution/evaluation loop
goal

execution evaluation
system
• user establishes the goal
• formulates intention
• specifies actions at interface
• executes action
• perceives system state
• interprets system state
• evaluates system state with respect to goal
execution/evaluation loop
goal

execution evaluation
system
• user establishes the goal
• formulates intention
• specifies actions at interface
• executes action
• perceives system state
• interprets system state
• evaluates system state with respect to goal
execution/evaluation loop
goal

execution evaluation
system
• user establishes the goal
• formulates intention
• specifies actions at interface
• executes action
• perceives system state
• interprets system state
• evaluates system state with respect to goal
Using Norman’s model

Some systems are harder to use than others

Gulf of Execution
user’s formulation of actions
≠ actions allowed by the system

Gulf of Evaluation
user’s expectation of changed system state
≠ actual presentation of this state
Human error - slips and
mistakes
slip
understand system and goal
correct formulation of action
incorrect action

mistake
may not even have right goal!

Fixing things?
slip – better interface design
mistake – better understanding of system
Abowd and Beale framework
extension of Norman…
their interaction framework has
4 parts
– user
– input
– system
– output

each has its own unique language


interaction  translation between languages

problems in interaction = problems in translation


Using Abowd & Beale’s
model

user intentions
 translated into actions at the interface
 translated into alterations of system state
 reflected in the output display
 interpreted by the user
Thank You !

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