Scribd
Upload
39 views22 pages

Components of Information Technology

Uploaded by

fadillaharahap01
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
39 views22 pages

Components of Information Technology

Uploaded by

fadillaharahap01
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

TECHNOLOGY IN ELT

CHAPTER 1

COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY


&
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

MURNI SALINA
B.Sc. Ed (TESL) UTM, Skudai M’sia
COMPONENTS OF
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

People

Data Procedures
Information
System

Hardware Software
An information system has five
parts :
1. People
 The most important part as they make end-

users more productive.


An information system has five
parts :
2. Procedures
 Refer to rules or guidelines people follow

when using software, hardware and data.


 Documented in manuals written by

computer specialists.
 Provided by software/hardware

manufacturers of the product.


An information system has five
parts :
3. Software
 Computer software is the term for programmes or
sets of computer instructions.
 Written in special computer language that enable
a computer to accomplish a given task.
 It consists of step-by-step instructions, which the
computer can use to convert data into information.
An information system has five
parts :
4. Hardware
 Computer components that are physical, touchable pieces or
equipment.
 It consists of the system unit, input/output, secondary storage
and communication devices.
 4 types of computers :
1. Supercomputers – the most powerful type of
computers.
2. Mainframe – occupy specially wired, air-conditioned
rooms.
3. Minicomputers – desk-sized machines used for specific
purposes.
4. Microcomputers – include the desktop, notebook and
personal digital assistant.
An information system has five
parts :
5. Data
 Raw, unprocessed facts including text, numbers,
images and sounds.
 Data describes something that is stored
electronically in a file.
 Examples :
 Document files created by word processors
 Worksheet files crated by spreadsheets
 Database file created by database management
programmes
 Presentation files created by presentation graphics
programmes
COMPONENTS OF A
COMPUTER SYSTEM
 A computer system has three main components :
 Hardware
 Software
 Warmware
 A computer system performs 4 important tasks
(Sharp, 2005:35)
 Receiving input : figures, facts or sets of instructions
 Storing information : place in memories
 Processing the data : act on the information
 Outputing the information : process and generate results
4 MAIN ASPECTS OF DATA
HANDLING
1. Input devices
- accept data or commands in a form that the computer can use:
they send the data or commands to the processing unit.
2. The Processor
- known as CPU, has electronic circuitry that manipulates input
data into information that people require. The CPU execute
computer instructions.
3. Output Devices
- display the people the processed data; information in
understandable and usable form
4. Storage
- means secondary storage; consists of secondary storage
devices such as hard disk, diskettes, pendrives.
- can store data and programmes outside the computer itself.
- these devices supplement memory or primary storage, can hold
data or programmes temporarily.
1. What is Input?
Input refers to any data or instructions that are
used by a computer. All computer processing
requires data.
Whenever you use computer or application
software, you are providing input. You
typically use a keyboard to type text and a
mouse to issue commands.
Input Devices
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Joystick
 Touch Screen
 Light Pen
 Scanner
 Bar code readers
 Digital cameras
 Video cameras
 Graphic tablets
 Voice recognition systems
2. What is Process?
The computer manipulates the data to create
information.
Information refers to data processed into a form
that has meaning and is useful.
Processing Devices/System
Units
 Mother board/System
 CPU/Microprocessor

 Memory – RAM, ROM

 Expansion Slots and Cards

 System Clock

 Bus Lines

 Ports and Cables


3. What is Output?
Is a processed data or information.
Output devices provide output to people by
translating what the computer has processed
into a form that people can understand and
use.
Output Devices
 Monitor – CRT, LCD
 LCD projector

 Video scan converter

 Printer
4. What is Storage?
Information can be stored in a computer for
future use.
All computers have a hard disk drive to store
programmes and data.
Storage Devices
 HardDisk
 Removable Disks
 Floppy Drive
 CD-ROM, R, RW
 DVD-ROM, R, RW
 Pen Drive, Thumb Drive, Zip Drive
 External Hard Disk
TEST YOUR
UNDERSTANDING!
Visualize these components
and draw them!
 Keyboard  Mother board
 Mouse  Slot Card
 Monitor  RAM
 Speaker  USB port
 Webcam  PS2 port
 Printer  Parallel port
 CPU  Serial port
 Floppy Drive
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
2 CATEGORIES
1. General-purpose
- also known as basic applications
- includes browsers, word processors,
spreadsheets, database management
systems and presentation graphics.
2. Special-purpose
- also known as advanced applications,
include multimedia, web authoring,
graphics, virtual reality, artificial intelligence
4 general-purpose software
1. Word processors
2. Spreadsheets
3. Database Management Systems
4. Presentation Graphics

You might also like