Personal

Development
Quarter 1

Developing The
Whole Person
 What I Know
But…let us start first with a short pre-test to assess your previous knowledge.
You may write again your answers in any size of paper. Write TRUE if the
statement is correct, and if incorrect change the underline word/s to make the
statement correct.

1. Boys usually start their growing spurt earlier than girls.

2. Obesity is commonly associated with hormonal changes.
3. An urge of independence is felt during adolescence stage.
4. Release of spermarche among boys indicates sexual maturity.
5. Widening of the hips is caused by the hormone called estradiol.
6. Physical attractiveness is one major concern among adolescents.
7. During adolescence, most teenagers gradually seek for their
identity.
8. Psychologists believe that our thoughts influence our feelings
and behaviors.
9. Hormones are chemical substances produced by endocrine glands
that actively affect physical growth and development.
10.Testosterone is an estrogen that is strongly associated with the
physical development of girls, such as widening of hips,
and breast and uterine development.
 What I Need to Know
Hello Senior High School students and welcome back to the second wave of
your journey towards knowing yourself more. This module will help you to
become more aware of the various changes that you have encountered in your
adolescence life. With these changes you will be directed to find ways in coping
with the challenges of growing up and understand further its implications to you
as a person.
So, are you excited now in acknowledging the fact that you have grown up as
a teenager? Then, please read the learning objectives of this module 2 before
you will start again the journey. At the end of this lesson, you can:
▪ write the physiological, cognitive, psychological or emotional, social,
moral or spiritual changes; and
▪ share your personal ways on how to cope with these changes in life as a
teenager.
 What’s In
Welcome back senior high school students in your next journey of
knowing yourself better! You have learned in the previous module that
the concept of self is a result of the interplay of the different elements of
your personality namely; body, thoughts, emotions, and sensations. The
challenges that you are going through today as a teenager will serve as
your motivation of becoming the person you will be in the future.

Activity 1: WORD ASSOCIATION

When you hear the word adolescence, what word or phrase directly
comes into your mind? Give at least 5 words (You may write your
answers in your journal)
 What’s New

Activity 2: THE CHANGES IN YOU

It is now time to explore the world of the adolescence stage. Get your journal
and write at least two (2) changes of the different aspects of holistic development
that you have observed with yourself.
 Adolescence is referred to as the teenage years, which start at the
age of twelve (12) and end at the age of twenty-one (21). The
beginning of the physiological development is shown by the onset of
puberty. There are children who experience puberty as early as the age
of nine (9). What is puberty then? Puberty refers to the physical
transformation that a child experiences as sexual maturity is reached.
It is at this stage that the child may be overly concerned with
appearance and body image (Lewis 2015).
The life stage of the teenagers is very crucial because it is a
transition from one stage to another (Hurlock, 1982). Teenagers
usually strive to establish their personalities to prove that they are
adults already however immediately and disappointingly. More so,
rejection is a primary issue during adolescence.
 The sense of belongingness is a struggle, the feeling of being
unaccepted, and being alone place the teenagers to a difficult
situation which may result to peer pressure, easily influenced by
peers. Proper guidance and constant follow-up from their
support system like parents and other special people around
them is very important. But all of these wonders and challenges
make an important crossroad in your journey in life. Now, let us
understand the different aspects of development of adolescence.
Physical or Physiological Changes
What would a person look like when he/she grows up? That depends on
heredity. The genes he/she got from
his/her parents contribute in the
physical appearance of a person.
Changes among boys; eventually grow
larger than girls, muscles grow, testes
or gonads rapidly grow bigger for a year
during early pubescence, the penis
also grows markedly, voice becomes
husky, and there is production and
release of spermarche, when they
experience nocturnal emissions or wet
dreams. This is an indication that their
male reproductive organs have become
mature in function and that they are
already capable of reproduction.
 While the changes among girls; start their growth spurt earlier than boys,
the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and vagina, grow rapidly during
puberty, menarche, or the first menstrual period, marks a girl’s sexual
maturity and is indicative of her capacity to be pregnant, more melodious
voice, hips become wider and rounder which resulted in the enlargement of
their pelvic region, and breasts also develop and muscles grow in size and
strength.
Androgens and Estrogens are hormones or chemical substances
produced by endocrine glands that actively affect physical growth and
development. These hormones are present in both males and females.
However, each of them functions more strongly in one sex than the other.
Testosterone an androgen that is strongly associated in the physical
maturation of boys. Increased level of testosterone in males is related to
changes in height, deepening of voice, and development of genitals, as well
as sexual desires and activities.
 Estradiol An estrogen that is strongly associated in the physical development
of girls such as widening of hips, and breast and uterine development. These
hormonal changes especially among girls may trigger weight gain and is
often associated with obesity
Physical attractiveness is one of the major concerns of teenagers.
According to Stice and Shaw (2002), only few adolescents experience
body-cathexis or satisfaction with their bodies. They do things to prove that
they are attractive. Further, below are the implications of physical changes
among teenagers:
◆ Their concerns about their physical appearance may also increase
◆ May realize that some people treat those who are attractive better
than those who are less attractive.
◆ It also explains why some teens are shy and cumbersome in
appearing in public as well as in expressing their ideas.
 ◆ Some are too conscious to do even simple activities such as
walking along the school corridor, and even sensitive to
criticisms.
◆ Some teenagers have low self- esteem and lack of self-
confidence.

Remember that it is in understandable to get affected by these body

changes. The challenge is how to cope with these changes? You just need
to have some adjustments- on how you view the things that are happening
in your body both inside and outside. You may put emphasis on personal
hygiene to reduce acne and body odor. Perform physical exercises and
activities to avoid being fat and be fit instead. Yet, it is only through self-
acceptance that you become brave enough to face the “whole new you”.
 Cognitive Changes

Cognitive development refers to the progression of one’s ability to think ang

reason out, adolescents develop the ability to think and interconnect things in
relation to problem solving. During adolescence, your brain goes through
significant structural development stages as well. The neurons in the corpus
callosum thicken and connect the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere of
the brain, making the brain process information faster and more effectively.
Development is also observed in the prefrontal cortex, which is
involved in decision-making, reasoning, and controlling one’s emotions.
Likewise, amygdala, the seat of your emotions such as anger, sadness, and
happiness, matures much earlier than the prefrontal cortex. The cognitive
apparatuses develop, teenagers become more capable of thinking abstractly,
instead of thinking only of today which may lead to:
 • ask a lot of questions, not only about yourself but also about everything
around you
• no longer comfortable with simple explanations but you look for a
deeper meaning of things
• express their doubts about their parents parenting style as well as
the principles and beliefs of their family
● compare the parenting styles at home and that of the peers.

These may result to being pickle-minded or tendency of being undecisive and

leads you to explore and experiment. Moreover, the fast-changing decisions
prompt teenagers to engage in risky behaviors such as cutting classes, cheating,
smoking and or drugs, drinking alcoholic beverages, lying, computer game
addiction, and even stealing. In this manner, you are encouraged to pause and
study your situation before making any unnecessary actions or decisions. It is of
great help if you consult a trusted adult like your parents, brothers or sisters, your
teachers, or any confidant regarding your situation.
Psychological or Emotional Changes
According to Hurlock (1982), adolescence, as a transition period, has often
been described as a period of “storm and stress”. You get easily excited with
some situations, but you also tend to easily show your irritation. Emotional
maturity should be achieved by the end of adolescence. The indicators that you
have finally achieved emotional maturity are:
a. You know how to express your emotions in a socially acceptable
manner
b. When you face difficult situations, you exercise critical thinking and
not being emotionally carried away
c. You realize that lessons can be learned from each challenging
experience
d. You become less reactive to provocations and emotionally
heated situations.
These realizations are important in your journey toward self-actualization.
Social Changes
One of the key concepts crucial in the study of adolescence is identity crisis. Based on
Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development, the period of adolescence is the most
challenging and turbulent stage in the framing of the identity of an individual. He espouses that
the struggle in forming one’s identity and the confusion of roles attached to it occurs around
the time when adolescence happens. On the other hand, social pressures and demands add to
the stress and storm of the adolescence stage. Here are some of the social changes you may
experience please take note:
1. Your attitude, speech, interests,
appearance, and behavior are
greatly influenced by your
peers, as you spend more time outside
your home.
2. You may prefer fewer friends
and intimate relationship and become
curious about relationships with the
opposite sex and experience
 3. You are more socially competent and tend to participate more in social
gatherings which is manifested in your ability to carry on conversations,
behave properly in front of people, and have confidence to share your talents.
4. Your need for belongingness is manifested in this stage.

However, the need of belongingness if not handled well, this may lead to peer
pressure, you conform to the standards of your peers or the expectation that you
need to comply to the standards of your peer groups without considering the
consequences. This is shown when you are easily influenced by others like
giving in to drinking alcoholic beverages, playing computer games, and
strolling in the mall. Worst cases is when you give in for cutting classes,
smoking, taking illegal drugs, and perform sexual activities because of peer
pressure, the fear of being labelled as “kill joy” and the fear that they may
“unfriend” you in the group.
 You need to make social adjustments to overcome challenges. What do you
need to do to successfully make social adjustments? Enhance your social skills by
carrying yourself gracefully in front of others, and just enjoy the company of
your peers. To cope up with social pressures, you should also learn to clarify your
limitations, and learn to say no so that you maintain self-reliance.

Moral or Spiritual Changes

Morality means “a set of guiding principles that direct a person in the pursuit
of what of right or wrong and what is good or bad.” The development of the
adolescent in the moral aspect shows the fruition of these guiding principles and
is manifested by the concrete application of these guidelines in daily life (Oswalt
2015). Moral development starts with obeying your elders when you are still a
child to more internal, moral thinking during adolescence. According to
Kohlberg, adolescents should have attained the
 postconventional reasoning or have developed moral reasoning
based on the universal human rights. This means that adolescents
must be able to stand on what their personal conscience dictates
them to do. For example, you already know that cheating is bad and
that giving answer to your classmate during test is wrong. But your
classmate who is your friend and popular in the school ask an
answer from you during the test. And even whisper to you that if
you will not give the answer, he would “unfriend” you. You know
that if you will not give the answer, you will be left out in the social
activities in school. What would you do? What would your personal
conscience tell you to do?
 Assessing the given situation, teenager would easily give in and just
give the answer right away. However, if we base our judgement
through the post conventional morality reasoning, you should stand on
your ground, do what you think is right, and perceive the situation as a
personal decision based on the personal codes you instill in your mind.
According to Hurlock (1982), adolescents who deviate from their
general principles and act upon the wishes of others even though these
are wrong are more likely to suffer from self-condemnation.
Therefore, having developed a sound conscience or the inner force
that makes external controls unnecessary (Hurlock, 1982) plays an
important role in assuming responsibility in your life. Moreover, being
focused will assist you in your journey on how you want to live your
life. Your moral judgement becomes clearer when you see your
purpose in life.
 What’s More
Activity3: YOU are YOU

Please go back to your answers in the What’s New part of this module. I would
like you to continue that activity following the format below .

Changes You Have Your Coping Mechanism

Aspects of Holistic Experienced (How did you cope with
Development (at least two) those changes in you?
1. Physical/Physiological
2. Cognitive
3.Psychological/Emotional
4. Social
5. Moral/Spiritual
 What I have Learned
Activity 4: REFLECTION
I want you to share your learnings/realizations from this module by answering
the following in your journal notebook:
1. I learned that
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
2. I realized that
__________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
 What I can Do

Activity 5: THE PAPER COLLAGE

To further appreciate your traits, abilities, and talents as a teenager do this activity!
This activity will help provide you the opportunity to look deeper into your role as a
teenager and analyze the importance of this stage in your life.
Instructions:
1.Prepare the following materials:
a. Board paper d. old magazines or newspaper
b. Tissue or art paper e. pair of scissors
c. Glue or paste f. and other materials you need

2. Using the materials, create a collage that will illustrate your meaning and purpose
in life as a teenager.
3. You may also cut letters, words or phrases from the used magazines or newspapers
to add captions and labels to your collage.
Please see the rubric below for your score guide of this activity.

Category/ 5 3 2
Score
Creativity All of the graphics or objects used in Most of the graphics or objects Only a few graphics or
the collage reflect a degree of student used in objects reflect student
creativity in their display. the collage reflect student creativity, but the ideas were
creativity in their display. typical rather than creative.
Design Graphics are cut to an appropriate 1-2 graphics are 3-4 graphics are lacking in
size, shape and rearranged neatly. lacking in design or design or placement. Too
Care has been taken to balance the placement. There may be a much background is showing.
pictures across the area. Items are few smudges or glue There are noticeable smudges
glued neatly and securely. marks. or glue marks.
Time & Much time and effort went into the Some time and effort went into Student did do some work at
Effort planning and design of the collage. the collage. Student could home.
have put in more time and
effort at home.
Title & The title is catchy The title provided relates to the Title and labels
Explanation and creative and related to the collage. collage. are incomplete.
Score 20 12 8
 ASSESSMENT

1. It refers to the physical transformation that a child

experiences as sexual maturity is reached.
a. Adolescence c. Adulthood
b. Childhood d. Puberty

2. It is referred as the teenage years which starts at the age

of 12 and end at the age of 21.
c. Adolescence c. Adulthood
d. Childhood d. Puberty

3. Emotional maturity is achieved during _________.

e. adulthood c. early adolescence
f. end of adolescence d. Puberty
4. What would adolescents likely suffer from when they act upon
someone’s request or demand even though it goes against their
principles or moral beliefs?
a. self- assurance c. self – condemnation
b. self- blame d. self- devaluation

5. Which is a characteristic of cognitive development during

adolescence?
c. Tendency to ask a lot of questions about many things
d. Tendency to question their parents’ style of upbringing
e. Tendency to look for deeper meanings about the things around them
f. All of the above

6. Which does not relate to emotional maturity?

g. Acting impulsively
h. Remaining composed despite annoyance
i. Thinking critically before making any decisions
d. Expressing emotions in a socially acceptable manner
7. Which statement indicates that post conventional
reasoning among adolescents is achieved?
a. They follow to the standards of their peers.
b. They can stand for what they believe is right.
c. They consult their peers about certain decisions.
d. They begin to question their parents’ beliefs and style.

8. Which statement best illustrates emotional stability?

e. You can face many people.
f. You can escape certain situations.
g. You can ignore the person who hurt you.
h. You can express your emotions in a socially acceptable
manner.
II. Write CORRECT if the statement is correct and if not change
the underline word/s to make the statement correct.

9. Obesity is commonly associated with hormonal changes.

10.Release of spermarche among boys indicates sexual maturity.
11.Widening of the hips is caused by the hormone called estradiol.
12.Physical attractiveness is one major concern among adolescents.
13.Hormones are chemical substances produced by endocrine
glands.
14.During adolescence, most teenagers gradually seek for their
identity.
15.Testosterone is an estrogen that is strongly associated with the
physical development of girls, such as deepening of the voice,
widening of the shoulders, and increase in height.
 Additional Activities
Activity 6: ESSAY

Very good Senior High Students you are almost done with module 2.
Using your journal, answer the following questions:

1. Why is adolescence considered a turning point in life of a growing

child?

2. How do people in the child’s surroundings influence his/her life?