PR2 Module 1

MODULE 1
CHARACTERISTICS,STREN
GTHS, AND WEAKNESSES
OF QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
LEARNING
OBJECTIVES
Desc ribe the c harac teristic s o f
01
quantitative researc h
Determine strengths, weaknesses o f

02
quantitative researc h
Identify the kinds o f quantitativ e

03
researc h
QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
Quantitativ e metho ds: emphasize o bjec tive
measurements and the statistic al mathematic al, o r
numeric al analysis o f data c o llec ted thro ugh po lls,
questio nnaires, and survey s, or by manipulating pre-
existing statistic al data using c o mputational
tec hniques
fo c uses o n gathering numeric al data and
generalizing it ac ross gro ups o f peo ple
o r to ex plain a partic ular pheno meno n
CHARACTERISTICS OF
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
generates numeric al data o r info rmatio n that
c an be c onverted into numbers w here
measurable data are being gathered and
analyzed
fo c uses o n gathering numeric al data and
generalizing it ac ross gro ups o f peo ple
o r to ex plain a partic ular pheno meno n
main ac tivity: test hypothesis

CHARACTERISTICS OF
data is usually gathered using struc tured

researc h instruments
results are based o n larger sample sizes that

are representative o f the po pulatio n
researc h study c an usually be replic ated or

repeated, given its high reliability
CHARACTERISTICS OF
Researc her has a c learly defi ned researc h

questio n to w hic h o bjec tiv e answers are
so ught.
All aspec ts o f the study are c arefully designed
befo re data is c o llec ted.
Data are in the form o f numbers and

statistic s, o ften arranged in tables, c harts,
fi gures, o r o ther non-tex tual fo rms.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
Projec t c an be used to generalize c onc epts

mo re w idely, predic t future results, o r
investigate
c ausal relatio nships.
Researc her uses to o ls, suc h as questionnaires
o r c o mputer so ftw are, to c ollec t numeric al
data.
aim: to c lassify features, c o unt them, and
c onstruc t statistic al mo dels in an attempt to
explain w hat is o bserv ed
STRENGTHS OF QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
pro vides the researc her a c learer

pic ture of w hat to expec t in his researc h.
o bjec tive in appro ac h
an exc ellent way o f fi nalizing results and
pro ving o r disprov ing a hy po thesis
after statistic al analysis: a c omprehensive
answ er is reac hed, and the results c an be
disc ussed and c o nc luded
WEAKNESSES OF QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
c an be diffi c ult, expensive and require a lo t o f

time to perfo rm
usually requires extensiv e statistic al analy sis
requires a suc c essful statistic al c o nfi rmation

o f results
tends to generate only pro ved o r unpro ven
results
KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
“survey researc h”
c an be used to get mo re details and

DESCR IPTI tries to fi nd
VE to giv e a detailed desc ription o f the

DESIGN phenomenon o r so me fac to r at the
mo ment
dev elo pment o f hypothesis: after data

gathering
RESEARCH
Business and market
researc hers that w ant to
EXAMPLES o bserv e habits and traits
OF o f c o nsumers o r brand
users.
DESCR IPTI
VE Organizatio n, c o mpany or a
business industry that w ants
DESIGN to assess the mental state
and status of its staff .
RESEARCH A school governance or division
offi ce that wants to understand
if students will access online
EXAMPLES lessons rather than textbooks,
OF diff erent learning modalities in
time of emergencies like
DESCR IPTI Pandemic.
An educational institution to
VE understand if its intervention
DESIGN and innovations or programs
that increase the overall
academic performance of the
students
RESEARCH
study the relationships betw een the
diff erent v ariable fac to rs
thro ugh the statistic al data
CORREL ATIO pro c essing
intended fo r o bservatio ns witho ut the
NAL
explo ratio n o f c ause and eff ec t
DESIGN
a non-experimental researc h method,
and also mostly o bservational in
terms o f data c o llec tion
RESEARCH
The amount of money a
person has might positively
correlate with the number of
EXAMPLES
most number of assets and
OF companies he has.
CORREL ATIO
The level of being educated
NAL
might negatively correlate with
DESIGN poverty when an increase in one
variable leads to a decrease in
another and vice versa.
RESEARCH
A millionaire assets and
happiness is not correlated.
This means an increase in
EXAMPLES
money doesn’t lead to
OF happiness.
CORREL ATIO
A study between fatal disease
NAL and marriage, in which marriage
DESIGN has a negative correlation with
fatal disease (means that
people who are married are less
likely to develop this kind of
disease).
RESEARCH
“c ausal-c omparative metho d”
seeks to begin a c ause-eff ec t

relatio nship betw een tw o o r mo re
QUASI- variables
EXPERIMEN
researc her do es no t assign groups
TAL and do es no t manipulate the
DESIGN independent v ariable
results are c ompared w ith results

from gro up no t exposed to the
variable
RESEARCH Impact on the social network of
participating teachers in the
Global Teaching Management
EXAMPLES through using diff ering
QUASI- frequencies of follow-up to
assess impact on maintenance of
EXPERIMEN network cohesion.
TAL Supporting the Production of
Vaccine against COVID-19 and
DESIGN Use of Health Systems Research
Syntheses That Draw on Quasi-
Experimental Study Designs
RESEARCH
aims to establish a c ause-and-eff ec t
relatio nship betw een variables
TRUE
EXPERIMEN manipulates the independent
TAL variable and maintains c ontro l o ver
DESIGN extraneo us variables, often using
c ontrol gro ups and c o nsistent
pro c edures
RESEARCH
Partic ipants are rando mly assigned
to diff erent gro ups to ensure equal
TRUE c hanc es o f plac ement, reduc ing
EXPERIMEN selec tio n bias.
TAL
c an be replic ated fo r reliability, and
DESIGN blinding tec hniques are used to
reduc e bias and plac ebo eff ec ts
RESEARCH
Testing the effi cacy of a new
medication for treating
hypertension.
EXAMPLES
OF TR UE- Assessing the impact of a
EXPERIMEN new teaching method on
student performance.
TAL
DESIGN
Evaluating the antibacterial
activity of a certain natural
product.
END OF MODULE 1
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

PR2 Module 1

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MODULE 1

Determine strengths, weaknesses o f

Identify the kinds o f quantitativ e

main ac tivity: test hypothesis

data is usually gathered using struc tured

results are based o n larger sample sizes that

researc h study c an usually be replic ated or

Researc her has a c learly defi ned researc h

Data are in the form o f numbers and

Projec t c an be used to generalize c onc epts

pro vides the researc her a c learer

c an be diffi c ult, expensive and require a lo t o f

requires a suc c essful statistic al c o nfi rmation

c an be used to get mo re details and

VE to giv e a detailed desc ription o f the

dev elo pment o f hypothesis: after data

seeks to begin a c ause-eff ec t

results are c ompared w ith results

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