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Computer Networks As Explained To A 5 Year Old

Computer Networks as explained to a 5 year old students

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IQ'Bal W'ali
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39 views23 pages

Computer Networks As Explained To A 5 Year Old

Computer Networks as explained to a 5 year old students

Uploaded by

IQ'Bal W'ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Networks

Introduction to Computer Networks


• A computer network is like a group of friends who can talk to each
other and share things.
• In this case, the friends are computers, phones, or other devices.
• These devices are connected so they can send messages and share
information.
• Just like you might pass a note to a friend in class, computers pass
data to each other through the network.
Types of Networks
Personal Area Network (PAN):
• This is the smallest type of network.
• It's like connecting your phone to your smartwatch or headphones.
• PANs usually cover a small area, like around your body or in one
room.
• Stereo Surrond Sound System, Smartwatches ,etc
Types of Networks
Local Area Network (LAN)
• A LAN is like a network for a house or a school. •
• All the computers in your school lab might be on one LAN.
• LANs cover a larger area than PANs, but usually just one building or
a small group of buildings. It's like connecting your phone to your
smartwatch or headphones.
• E.g Home Wifi
Types of Networks
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
• A MAN is bigger, covering a whole city or large campus.
• It's like connecting all the schools in a city together. • MANs are
larger than LANs but smaller than WANs..
• E.g Kashmir University Portal
Types of Networks
Wide Area Network (WAN)
• WANs are the biggest networks, covering huge areas like countries
or even the whole world.
• The internet is the largest WAN.
• WANs connect smaller networks together over long distances.
• E.g Whatsapp, Facebook
Network Devices
Ethernet card:
• Think of this as a special ID card for your computer.
• It lets your computer join and talk on the network.
• Every device that connects to a network needs one.
Network Devices
Switch:
• A switch is like a smart traffic cop for data.
• It helps send information directly to the right computer.
• Switches make sure data goes where it's supposed to go quickly and efficiently.
Network Devices
Router:
• Imagine a router as a friendly postman for the internet.
• It helps guide data between different networks.
• When you send an email, the router helps it find its way to the right place.
Network Devices
Hub:
• A hub is like a simple meeting point for data.
• It connects multiple devices but isn't as smart as a switch.
• When data comes in, it sends it to all connected devices.
Network
Topologies
Network topology is like the
shape or layout of how
computers are connected.
Let's look at different shapes
Mesh Topology
• Every device is connected to every other device.
• It's like everyone in a class holding hands with everyone
else.
• Very reliable but can be complicated with lots of devices.
Ring Topology
• Devices are connected in a circle.
• Data travels around the ring until it reaches its destination.
• If one connection breaks, data can still reach all devices by
going the other way around
Bus Topology
• All devices connect to a single cable, called a bus.
• It's like students sitting along one long bench.
• Simple to set up but can slow down if too many devices
are using it.
Star Topology
• All devices connect to a central point, usually a switch.
• It looks like a star with the switch in the middle.
• Easy to add or remove devices without disturbing the
network.
Hybrid Topology
• This is a mix of two or more different topologies.
• It combines the advantages of different layouts.
• Used in larger networks to get the best performance.
CLIENT & SERVER
BACKBONE OF THE MODERN COMPUTER NETWORK
Think of this like a restaurant
Customer Orders the food Waiter Brings the Food
Client & Server
Client:
• A client is a device or program that requests information or services
• Examples: Your web browser, email app, or smartphone. • Clients
send requests to servers.

Server:
• A server is a powerful computer that provides information or services.
• Examples: Web servers, email servers, file servers. • Servers wait for
requests and then respond to clients.
Working
1. The client (like your web browser) asks for something
(like a website).
2. This request goes to the server.
3. The server finds what you asked for.
4. The server sends back the information.
5. Your client (browser) shows you the website.
Basics of MAC Address

•MAC stands for Media Access Control.


•A MAC address is like a unique name tag for your device's network card.

Key points:
1. Every network device has a unique MAC address.
2. It's a 12-digit number, usually written in pairs (like
00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E).
3. MAC addresses are set by the manufacturer and are
usually permanent.
4. They help identify devices on a local network
Basics of IP Address
• IP stands for Internet Protocol.
•An IP address is like your device's home address on the internet.

Key Points
• Every device on the internet needs an IP address to send and receive data.
• IP addresses can change, unlike MAC addresses.
• There are two types:
IPv4: Looks like 192.168.1.1
IPv6: Looks like 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334
•IP addresses help route data across the internet to the right destination.
THANK YOU

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