Energy Efficient
Vehicle
Technologies
Energy : It is the capacity to do work or produce change. It exists in
various forms and can be transferred or transformed between those forms,
but it cannot be created or destroyed (as per the law of conservation of
energy).
Energy Efficiency : It refers to the ability to use less energy to
perform the same task or produce the same outcome. It is about optimizing
energy use by reducing waste, ensuring that more of the energy input is
effectively converted into useful work, rather than being lost as heat or other
forms of waste.
Key Aspects of Energy Efficiency:
Improving Output
Reducing Waste
Cost Saving
Performance Metrics
INTRODUCTION
Transportation has played a key role in human society since the inception of Civilization
Transportation has played a pivotal role in the advancement of Human Civilization, starting
with the era when individuals travelled on foot and relied on animals for locomotion through
the advent of the wheel and subsequent progress in the mode of transportation.
The importance of sustainable mobility has been more significant in recent times. This is
due to the growing global awareness of the environmental impacts of transport and the
imperative to reduce carbon emissions.
The transportation industry has played a significant role in contributing to greenhouse
gas emissions, air pollution, and climate change due to the fast growth of the global
population and its increasing need for mobility.
As a way to lessen transportation’s harmful effects on the environment and advance
social and economic development, sustainable transportation has recently attracted
more and more attention. The utilization of energy-efficient, low-emission, secure, and
reasonably priced forms of transportation is referred to as sustainable transportation.
This include using bicycles, walking, and public transit in addition to driving electric,
hybrid, and fuel-efficient vehicles.
Green Transportation for Sustainability
Types of Energy-Efficient Vehicles
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs):
• Combine a traditional internal combustion engine with an electric motor.
• This combination enables increased fuel economy and decreased emissions.
• Utilize regenerative braking to capture kinetic energy and store it in the
battery.
• The electric motor derives its power from a battery that undergoes recharging
using either the petrol engine or regenerative breaking.
• Examples: Toyota Prius, Honda Accord Hybrid.
There are two primary classifications of hybrid cars - Hybrid and Parallel
Hybrid
Hybrid : The series hybrid configuration involves the use of a gasoline engine to
drive a
generator, which in turn charges the battery Simultaneously, the electric motor is
responsible
for propelling the wheels
Parallel Hybrid : Parallel hybrids utilize both an electric motor and a petrol
engine to
power the wheels.
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs):
• Can be plugged in to recharge the battery, allowing for longer electric-only driving ranges.
• Offer the flexibility of both electric and gasoline power.
• Examples: Tesla Model S, Chevrolet Volt.
Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs):
• Powered entirely by electricity stored in a battery pack.
• Offer zero tailpipe emissions and lower operating costs.
• Examples: Tesla Model 3, Nissan Leaf.
INTRODUCTION TO ENERGY-
EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES
1
Combatting Climate Change
Energy-efficient vehicle technologies help mitigate climate change by reducing emissions.
2
Global Energy Demands
These technologies play a crucial role in meeting the ever-increasing global energy demands.
3
Enhanced Vehicle Performance
Advancements lead to better vehicle performance, improving speed and efficiency.
4 Consumer Benefits
Consumers benefit from lower fuel costs and improved vehicle longevity.
