Scribd
Upload
19 views48 pages

Unit 2

Uploaded by

Dheeraj Ungarala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views48 pages

Unit 2

Uploaded by

Dheeraj Ungarala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 48

Gram Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure

Geometric Interpretation of signal


Scheme for generating set of co-efficients Sij
Scheme for generating signal Si(t) from its co-efficients
Analysis
P) Two functions s1(t) and s2(t) are given in the below figure. The interval is 0tT seconds.
Using gram-Schmidt procedure express these functions in terms orthonormal functions. Also
sketch Φ1(t)and Φ2(t)
Consider the four signals s1(t), s2(t), s3(t) and s4(t) as shown in the fig. Use Gram-Schmidt
Orthogonalization Procedure to find the orthonormal basis for this set of signals. Also express the
signals in terms of the basis functions.
FSK
FSK generation
FSK recovery
Problems

1)Binary data are transmitted at a rate of 10^6 bit per second over a microwave link. Assuming channel
noise is AWGN with zero mean and power spectral density at the receiver input is 10^-10 watts per Hz,find
the average carrier power required to maintain an average probability error Pe for coherent BFSK.
Determine minimum channel bandwidth

=2x

Erfc(u)=1-erf(u) 2.7
A binary data is transmitted over an AWGN channel using binary phase shift keying at a rate of 1 MBps. It is
desired to have average probability of error Pe. Noise power spectral density is W/Hz. Determine the
average carrier power required at the receiver input, if the detector is of coherent type. Take
erfc(3.5)=.000025.
A binary data is transmitted using ASK over a AWGN channel at a rate of 2.4Mbps. The carrier
amplitude at the receiver is 1mv. NPSD W/Hz. Find the average probability of error if the detection is a)
coherent b) noncoherent. Take erfc(5).

You might also like