Technological University (Mandalay)
Department of Electrical Power Engineering
Power System Reliability
19.2.2024
Presented by;
Ma Vung Lam Don
VI EP-13
Outlines of Presentation
Introduction
• Electricity is a vital commodity of the modern society
• Solar energy is a sustainable and renewable source that offers
many benefits
• Two main types of solar power systems, (i) solar thermal and
(ii) solar PV systems
• PV system generates direct current (DC) when is exposed to
sunlight
• Inverter converts DC into AC electricity
Aim and Objectives
The aim of this internship is to get practical knowledge about
solar PV system installation.
Objectives
• To familiarize with equipment used in solar power system
• To calculate load calculation of Super Mobile shop
• To get knowledge of how to select solar panels and accessories
aligned to consumer requirements
Components of Solar Power System
• Solar panels
• Charge controller
• Inverters
• Batteries
• Protective devices
Solar Panels
• Collect clean renewable energy in form of sunlight and convert
that light into electricity
• Contain several individual solar cells which themselves
composes of silicon layers, phosphorous (which provides the
negative charge), and boron (which provides the positive charge).
• Absorb the photons and initiate an electric current.
• Energy generated from photons allows electrons to be knocked
out of their atomic orbits and released into the electric field
generated by the solar cells which then pull these free electrons
into a directional (dc) current.
Types of Solar Panels
Monocrystalline Solar Panels
Polycrystalline (Multi Crystalline)
• Polycrystalline panels are made from
melted silicon.
• They are cheaper than monocrystalline
panels.
• They have efficiency about 15% and
their lifespan is shorter than
monocrystalline.
• They are recognized by blue colour and
rectangular cells.
Thin-film Solar Panels
• Thin-film panels are made up of one
or more photovoltaic layers.
• Usually produced with
polycrystalline type.
• Much thinner than ordinary panels
and have a good flexibility.
• The disadvantages include
requirement of more space than
conventional panels and shorter
lifespan.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar PV
System
Advantages Disadvantages
Clean and renewable energy source Initial cost of solar panels and associated
equipment are quite high
Generate electricity without fuel and Require vast area to produce bulk power
operating costs
Have a decent lifespan Low efficiency in cloudy days and at night
Have no moving part, therefore Efficiency slightly decreases with the age
maintenance cost is reduced.
Can be installed near load centers and thus
it doesn’t need transmission.
Charge Controller
Inverter in Solar Power System
• Output of solar panel is the DC and most loads connected to
the power system network are AC.
• Inverter is used to convert DC output power to AC.
• Other important functions are- (i) to maintain a constant
voltage at AC side and (ii) to transfer input power to output
power with a highest possible efficiency.
• Inverter capacity should be sufficient to carry the peak
capacity of the loads.
• Inverter capacity should be determined by the product of peak
load and the safety factor (1.25 or 1.3) to handle the load with
least risk.
Types of Inverters
• String Inverters
• Micro Inverters
• On-Grid Inverters
• Off-Grid Inverters
• Hybrid inverters
Solar Hybrid Inverter
• A hybrid inverter is the heart of a solar home system.
• It seamlessly integrates the solar panels, battery storage,
and the grid to provide reliable electricity.
• It manages the flow of power, optimizing energy usage
and ensuring uninterrupted supply even during grid
outages.
Role of a Hybrid Inverter
• Coordinates the charging and
discharging of the battery bank,
maximizing the use of solar energy
and minimizing reliance on the grid.
• Enables features like load
management, remote monitoring,
and smart energy management.
Specifications of Solar Hybrid Inverter
Types of Batteries
Lithium-ion Battery
Installation Diagram
Load Calculation
Equipment Sizing
Conclusion
THANKS
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
