UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science & Engineering)
Subject Name: Cloud Computing & Distributed Systems
Subject Code: 21CST-378/21ITT-378

DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

 Cloud Computing & Distributed
Systems
Course Outcomes
CO1: Understanding of various paradigm of cloud computing
and distributed systems.
CO2: Articulate the basic concepts, key technologies,
strength and limitation of cloud computing and possible
applications.
CO3: Appraise the architecture and infrastructure of cloud
computing including SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, UCaaS/FaaS public
cloud, private cloud and hybrid cloud.
CO4: Interpret various data, scalability, security and cloud
services to acquire efficient database for cloud storage.
CO5: Develop the appropriate cloud computing solutions
and recommendations according to the application used.
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Cloud Computing
& Distributed
Systems

Contents
1. Introduction to Cloud
Computing
2. Deployment models of
Cloud: Public versus Private
Clouds
3. Services offered by Cloud
4. Risk Related to Cloud
Computing
5. Virtualization in Cloud
Computing

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Cloud Computing & Distributed
Systems

UNIT 1
INTRODUCTION TO CLOUD COMPUTING AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS

CHAPTER 2
CLOUD COMPUTING

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 Deployment models of Cloud: Public versus Private Clouds (CO-2)

Understanding your deployment options—Public cloud, private cloud, or hybrid

cloud?

There’s no one type of cloud computing that’s right for everyone. Several different
cloud computing models, types, and services have evolved to meet the rapidly
changing technology needs of organizations.

There are three different ways to deploy cloud services: on a public cloud, private
cloud, or hybrid cloud. Which deployment method depends on your business
needs.

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What is a public cloud?
Public clouds are the most common type of cloud computing deployment. The cloud resources (like servers and
storage) are owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider and delivered over the internet. With a
public cloud, all hardware, software, and other supporting infrastructure are owned and managed by the cloud
provider. Microsoft Azure is an example of a public cloud.

In a public cloud, you share the same hardware, storage, and network devices with other organizations or cloud
“tenants,” and you access services and manage your account using a web browser. Public cloud deployments are
frequently used to provide web-based email, online office applications, storage, and testing and development
environments.

Advantages of public clouds:

Lower costs—no need to purchase hardware or software, and you pay only for the service you use.
No maintenance—your service provider provides the maintenance.
Near-unlimited scalability—on-demand resources are available to meet your business needs.
High reliability—a vast network of servers ensures against failure.

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What is a private cloud?
A private cloud consists of cloud computing resources used exclusively by one business or organization. The private cloud
can be physically located at your organization’s on-site datacenter, or it can be hosted by a third-party service provider. But
in a private cloud, the services and infrastructure are always maintained on a private network and the hardware and
software are dedicated solely to your organization.

In this way, a private cloud can make it easier for an organization to customize its resources to meet specific IT
requirements. Private clouds are often used by government agencies, financial institutions, any other mid- to large-size
organizations with business-critical operations seeking enhanced control over their environment.

Advantages of a private cloud:

1. More flexibility—your organization can customize its cloud environment to meet specific business needs.
2. More control—resources are not shared with others, so higher levels of control and privacy are possible.
3. More scalability—private clouds often offer more scalability compared to on-premises infrastructure.

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How does a private cloud work?
Private cloud architecture is similar to the public cloud and requires the implementation of similar technologies.

Virtualization
Virtualization is the technology that abstracts IT resources from their underlying physical hardware. Users can create
virtual machines or software units and interact with them in the same way as physical machines. Virtualization
software pools together hardware resources like CPU, memory, or storage and allocates them to the virtual
machines on demand.

Management software
Administrators require management software to control and manage their IT infrastructure centrally as software
units. They use this software to implement consistent configurations across servers and application environments,
ensure security compliance, and optimize resource allocation.

Automation technologies
Automation speeds up tasks like integrations and server provisioning that are tedious and error-prone when
performed manually. Organizations looking to implement a private cloud environment must provide automation
capabilities to make cloud infrastructure management more efficient.

In addition to private cloud technologies, organizations also have to implement changes to their development and
deployment practices. For example, cloud-centered application practices like DevOps and DevSecOps and
architectures like microservices and containers bring greater efficiency and flexibility to the private cloud
environment. 11
What are the types of private cloud solutions?
There are four main types of private cloud infrastructure.

On-premises private cloud

An on-premises private cloud is one that you can deploy on your own resources in an internal data center. You must
purchase the resources, maintain and upgrade them, and ensure security. On-premises private cloud management is
expensive and requires heavy initial investment and ongoing expenses.

Managed private cloud

A managed private cloud is a single-tenant environment fully managed by a third party. For example, the IT
infrastructure for your organization could be purchased and maintained by a third-party organization in its data
center. The third party provides maintenance, upgrades, support, and remote management of your private cloud
resources. While managed private clouds are expensive, they are more convenient than on-premises solutions.

Virtual private cloud

A virtual private cloud is a private cloud that you can deploy within a public cloud infrastructure. It is a secure,
isolated environment where private cloud users can run code, host websites, store data, and perform other tasks
that require a traditional data center. Virtual private clouds efficiently give you the convenience and scalability of
public cloud computing resources along with additional control and security.
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 Advantages of Private cloud
There are the following advantages of Private Cloud -
1) More Control
Private clouds have more control over their resources and hardware than public clouds because it is only accessed by
selected users.
2) Security & privacy
Security & privacy are one of the big advantages of cloud computing. Private cloud improved the security level as
compared to the public cloud.
3) Improved performance
Private cloud offers better performance with improved speed and space capacity.
Disadvantages of Private Cloud
1) High cost
The cost is higher than a public cloud because set up and maintain hardware resources are costly.
2) Restricted area of operations
As we know, private cloud is accessible within the organization, so the area of operations is limited.
3) Limited scalability
Private clouds are scaled only within the capacity of internal hosted resources.
4) Skilled people
Skilled people are required to manage and operate cloud services.

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What is a Hybrid Cloud?

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A hybrid cloud is a mixed computing environment where applications are run using a combination of computing,
storage, and services in different environments—public clouds and private clouds, including on-premises data
centers or “edge” locations. Hybrid cloud computing approaches are widespread because almost no one today
relies entirely on a single public cloud.

Hybrid cloud solutions enable you to migrate and manage workloads between these various cloud environments,
allowing you to create more versatile setups based on your specific business needs. Many organizations choose to
adopt hybrid cloud platforms to reduce costs, minimize risk, and extend their existing capabilities to support
digital transformation efforts.

A hybrid cloud approach is one of the most common infrastructure setups today. Cloud migrations often naturally
lead to hybrid cloud implementations as organizations often have to transition applications and data slowly and
systematically. Hybrid cloud environments allow you to continue using on-premises services while taking
advantage of the flexible options for storing and accessing data and applications offered by public cloud providers,
such as Google Cloud.

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 Summary

Cloud Computing Architecture is a combination of components required for a Cloud

Computing service.
The front-end part is used by the client that contains client-side interfaces and applications,
which are important to access the Cloud computing platforms.
The service provider uses the back-end part to manage all the needed resources to provide
Cloud computing services.
Components of Cloud Computers are 1) Client Infrastructure, 2) Application, 3) Service, 4)
Runtime Cloud, 5) Storage, 6) Infrastructure, 7) Management, 8) Security, and 9) Internet.
Cloud computing makes a complete Cloud computing system simpler.
Virtualization is the partitioning of a single physical server into multiple logical servers.

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 QUIZ
1. What is Cloud Computing?
a) Cloud Computing means providing services like storage, servers, database, networking, etc
b) Cloud Computing means storing data in a database
c) Cloud Computing is a tool used to create an application
d) None of the mentioned

2. Who is the father of cloud computing?

a) Sharon B. Codd b) Edgar Frank Codd c) J.C.R. Licklider d) Charles Bachman

3. Which of the following is not a type of cloud server?

a) Public Cloud Servers
b) Private Cloud Servers
c) Dedicated Cloud Servers
d) Merged Cloud Servers

4. Which of the following are the features of cloud computing?

a) Security
b) Availability
c) Large Network Access
d) All of the mentioned

5. Which of the following is a type of cloud computing service?

a) Service-as-a-Software (SaaS)
b) Software-and-a-Server (SaaS)
c) Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
d) Software-as-a-Server (SaaS)
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 REFERENCES
TEXT BOOKS
1. Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach by Toby Velte, Anthony Velte, Robert C. Elsenpeter, McGraw Hill Professional, 22 Oct 2009
2. Buyya, Rajkumar, James Broberg, and Andrzej M. Goscinski, eds. Cloud computing: Principles and paradigms. Vol. 87. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
3. Miller, Michael. Cloud computing: Web-based applications that change the way you work and collaborate online. Que publishing, 2008.
4. Hurwitz, Judith S., et al. Cloud computing for dummies. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
5. Kris Jamsa. Cloud Computing: SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, Virtualization, Business Models, Mobile, Security and more, Jones &Bartlet Learning Company LC, 20012
REFRENCE BOOKS
1. G. Pfister. In Search of Clusters. Prentice Hall PTR, NJ, 2nd Edition, NJ, 1998.
2. Cloud Computing: Implementation, Management, and Security, by John Rittinghouse and James F.Ransome, CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group
3. Joshy Joseph and Craig Fellenstein, Grid Computing, Person Edition, (2004).
4. Maozhen Li, Mark Baker, “The Grid Core Technologies”, John Wiley & Sons (2005).
5. Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach for Learning and Implementation Paperback – 1 January 2014 by Srinivasan, Pearson Education
Video Links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A3FPxuKlnkU&list=PLFW6lRTa1g82dte3YD_7-GoZXcBiK6K9G
Web Links
1. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-a-distributed-system/
2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-cloud-computing-and-distributed-computing/
3. https://www.ibm.com/topics/distributed-cloud
4. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/cloud-computing/
5. https://learn.rumie.org/jR/bytes/learn-the-basics-of-cloud-computing-in-3-minutes/?
utm_source=bing&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=RumieLearn-Bytes%20%28non-NA%29&utm_term=cloud%20computing&utm_content=TS 20
%20-%20Computing%20In%20Cloud%20Computing
THANK YOU