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Unix Linux Into

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Unix Linux Into

Uploaded by

venky Athur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linux Administration

Introduction of Unix

UNIX is an operating system which was first developed in the


1960s, and has been under constant development ever since. By
operating system, we mean the suite of programs which make
the computer work.

Unix is a multi-user, multi-tasking operating system. You can


have many users logged into a system simultaneously, each
running many programs.

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Linux Administration
Unix Architecture
Mail Server

Hardwa
DBMS re FTP

Kernel

Shell

Application Programs

2
Linux Administration
History of Unix

First Version was created in Bell Labs in 1969.

Some of the Bell Labs programmers who had worked on this


project, Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Rudd Canaday, and
Doug McIlroy designed and implemented the first version of
the Unix File System on a PDP-7 along with a few utilities. It
was given the name UNIX by Brian Kernighan.

1973 Unix is re-written mostly in C, a new language developed


by Dennis Ritchie.

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Linux Administration
History of Unix

1977 There were about 500 Unix sites world-wide.


1980 BSD 4.1 (Berkeley Software Development)

1983 SunOS, BSD 4.2, System V


1988 AT&T and Sun Microsystems jointly develop System V
Release 4 (SVR4). This later developed into UnixWare and
Solaris 2.

1991 Linux was originated.

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Linux Administration
History of Linux

In June 1971, Richard Mattew Stallman joined MIT Artificial


Intelligence Laboratory as a programmer where gained
popularity with the hacker community and came to know by his
now popular name RMS.

At that time, all the programmers used to share their code freely
among each other cutting across various institutions.

5
Linux Administration
History of Linux

In 1980, with the advent of portable software i.e. software that


can be compiled to run on different computers, a business
model emerged.
So the companies developing the code refused to share the
code with their clients and began restricting copying and
redistribution of their software by copyrighting it.

In response to this trend, Stallman, who believed in the


principle that software has to be free always, founded the Free
Software Foundation and published the GNU Manifesto.

6
Linux Administration
History of Linux

In 1983, Richard Stallman started the GNU project with the


goal of creating a free UNIX-like operating system. As part of
this work, he wrote the GNU General Public License.
In 1989, Stallman released the first program independent GNU
General Public Licence now popularly known as GPL or
copyleft.

7
Linux Administration
History of Linux

In the same year (1985), a professor by name Andy Tanenbaun


wrote a Unix like Operating system from scratch for the Intel
i386 platform. He named it Minix.

8
Linux Administration
History of Linux

In 1990, A Finnish student by name Linus Torvalds studying in


the University of Helsinki came into contact with Andy
Tanenbaum's OS, Minix.
Linus wanted to upgrade Minix by putting in more features and
improvements but he was prohibited by Tanenbaun to do so.

Linus then decided to write his own kernel and released it


under GPL.
This Kernel is now popularly known as Linux

9
Linux Administration
History of Linux

The Kernel version 1.0 was released in 1994 and today the most
recent version is 5.0 Series.
Developed under the GNU General Public License , the source
code for Linux is freely available to everyone.

10
Linux Administration
History of Linux

Linux Origins

1984: The GNU Project and the Free Software Foundation


• Creates open source version of UNIX utilities
• Creates the General Public License (GPL) : Software license enforcing
open source principles

1991: Linus Torvalds


• Creates open source, UNIX-like kernel, released under the GPL
• Ports some GNU utilities, solicits assistance online

Today:
• Linux kernel + GNU utilities = complete, open source, UNIX-like operating
system
• Packaged for targeted audiences as distributions

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