Health and Physical Education

1.
1 Introduction
‘A sound mind is in a sound body in a sound environment.'’Every person must possess a

healthy mind:to have a healthy mind one must have a healthy physique.Healthy persons could
alone make a healthy society.Physical Education may provide the right direction and
needed actions to improve the health of members of any community,society,nation and the
world too. Therefore an educational system encompassing the mental,emotional,social
and physical dimensions of health becomes imperative to bring about all around
development in children which,in turn,would pave way for the development of healthy
society.
1 .2 Physical Education - Meaning
The word physical education comprises of two words Physical and Education.The
plain
dictionary meaning of word physical as relating to body characteristics of a person such as
physical strength,physical endurance,physical fitness physical appearance or physical
health. The word education may mean the systematic instructions or training or preparation
for some particular task.The two words combined together stands for the systematic
instructions or training related to physical activities or programme of activities necessary for
development and maintenance of human body or the development of physical powers or
activities for cultivating physical skills.
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1.3 Definition of Education and Physical Education
· ‘Education is the manifestation of perfection already in man'.-Vivekananda
· ‘By Education I mean an all round drawing out of the best in child and man,body,mind
and spirit.'-M.K.Gandhi
· ‘Physical Education is education through physical activities to the development of

total
personality of the child and its fulfilment and perfection in body mind and
spirit.'- J.P.Thomas
· ‘Physical education is the sum of the changes in the individual caused by experiences
centering motor activity'-Cassidy
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1.6 Objective of Physical Education
The objectives of physical education are stated differently by many of Physical

Educationists.The following are main objectives of physical education.
Development of Organic Fitness: This objectives deals with the program of activities which
builds physical power in and individual through the development of the various organic systems
of the body.
Development of Mental health: The mental development objective deals with the accumulation
of a body of knowledge and the ability to think and to interpret their knowledge.
Social Development: In the democratic society in which we live it is necessary to have all
individual develop sense of group consciousness and cooperative living.
Development of Neuro muscular co-ordination:The nervous system is strengthened

only
proper physical exercise.
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Development of Personality
·Attainment of sportsmanship
·Development of leadership qualities
·Development of social cooperation
·Development of fearlessness
· Attainment of positive qualities of self confidence
● Attainment of self control
Providing for Mental Hygiene
· Mental Hygiene comprises those activities and techniques which promote and maintain
mental health.
· Development of ability to face stresses and string of like
· Elimination of worry and tension through games and sports
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Development of Functional Knowledge
· To know the rules and techniques of different games
· To know and acquire knowledge,proper health procedure
· To know the methods and principles of games and exercises
· To know the body parts and the effects of exercise on various organs and systems.
Development of qualities of a good citizenship
· One has to abide rules and regulation
· One' s discipline improves the qualities of a good citizenship
1.7 Scope of Physical Education
Physical Education as an integral part of general educa-through activity oriented

and
well planned programmes they organize different physical activities like drill and marching
etc which are directed towards physical,mental emotional,social,intellectual and
moral development of the child.The following are the scope of physical education.
1.Corrective Exercises: Corrective exercises help to remove the deformities in the body of a
child.Sometimes these defects are there because of defects in muscle development and
for the we use light corrective exercises
2.Games and Sports: various team games like hockey foot ball,cricket basketball
and
volley ball ete and individual events like athletics,wrestling,boxing judo and archy are
included in the programmers of physical education.Swimming,diving,canoeing etc
are related to water sports.
3.Rhythmies: Gymamstics,Leziums Dance,mass physical training and Dumb bell

etc.are
thythmical activities necessary for rhythm and balance.Rhythmical activities are
also included in the programmes of physical education.
4.Self defense activities: Hiking,Trekking,Judo,karate and self defense activities

are 1
0
included in the programmes of physical education.
5.Recreational activities: Recreational activities like minor games,chess,carom,horse
riding,education campus,hunting,folk dance,fishing ete are included in the programems
of physical education.
6.Yogic activities: Yogic activities such as Asana Pranayama Kiryas etc are included in
Physical education.
On the basis of the above mentioned facts,the following activites can be included in a
programme of physical education India:
1.Free hand exercises
2.Exercises with apparatus
3.Major games
4.Minor games
5.Gymnastics
6.Track and field events
7.Folk dances
8.Yoga
9.Rhythmics
10.Combatives
11.Swimming and diving
12.Hiking trekking comping ete
13.Pyramids
14.Dands and baithaks
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1
1.8 Importance of Physical Education
● Physical education develops the alertness of mind
· Physical education provides knowledge about health and its hazards and communicable
and non communicable diseases
·Through physical activities leisure time can be utilized properly
· Through physical education human body can be developed in good proportion.The

physical beauty also improves
·A good sports man is a good citizens He knows how to adjust with others
· Physical education helps in developing and maintaining of good relations among humans
beings.It develops social traits,like cooperation,sympathy,loyalty,fraternity,courtesy
and other traits of leadership.
·Aggressiveness can be eliminated through physical activities.By participating physical

activities we can overcome stress tension and sensitiveness
· Physical education helps in creating discipline through games and sports
· Physical education provides a numbers of opportunities to enhance the power of tolerance
· Physical education enhances all the essential traits required for development of the
personality
· Physical education leads to happiness efficiency and character building
· Physical education helps the people to become fit to develop their spiritual and more
forces.It increases the scope of human abilities and enriches the life of the individual and
that of the society as a whole.
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1.

‘A sound mind is in a sound body in a sound environment.'’Every person must possess a

1 .2 Physical Education - Meaning

· ‘Education is the manifestation of perfection already in man'.-Vivekananda

· ‘Physical Education is education through physical activities to the development of

The objectives of physical education are stated differently by many of Physical

Development of Neuro muscular co-ordination:The nervous system is strengthened

·Development of leadership qualities

·Development of social cooperation

· Attainment of positive qualities of self confidence

● Attainment of self control

Providing for Mental Hygiene

· Development of ability to face stresses and string of like

· Elimination of worry and tension through games and sports

· To know the rules and techniques of different games

· To know and acquire knowledge,proper health procedure

· To know the methods and principles of games and exercises

Development of qualities of a good citizenship

· One has to abide rules and regulation

· One' s discipline improves the qualities of a good citizenship

1.7 Scope of Physical Education

Physical Education as an integral part of general educa-through activity oriented

3.Rhythmies: Gymamstics,Leziums Dance,mass physical training and Dumb bell

4.Self defense activities: Hiking,Trekking,Judo,karate and self defense activities

1.Free hand exercises

2.Exercises with apparatus

6.Track and field events

11.Swimming and diving

12.Hiking trekking comping ete

14.Dands and baithaks

● Physical education develops the alertness of mind

·Through physical activities leisure time can be utilized properly

· Through physical education human body can be developed in good proportion.The

·Aggressiveness can be eliminated through physical activities.By participating physical

· Physical education helps in creating discipline through games and sports

· Physical education provides a numbers of opportunities to enhance the power of tolerance

· Physical education leads to happiness efficiency and character building

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